J/ApJ/926/132ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/926/132CDSHeyl J.Caiazzo I.Richer H.B.2023-11-22T08:57:02Z2023-11-22T09:54:13ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clustersapparent-magnitudevisible-astronomyastrometrytwo-color-diagramsWe search through an eight million cubic parsec volume surrounding the Pleiades star cluster and the Sun to identify both the current and past members of the Pleiades cluster within the Gaia EDR3 data set. We find nearly 1300 current cluster members and 289 former cluster candidates. Many of these candidates lie well in front of or behind the cluster from our point of view, so formerly they were considered cluster members, but their parallaxes put them more than 10pc from the center of the cluster today. Over the past 100Myr we estimate that the cluster has lost twenty percent of its mass including two massive white dwarf stars and the {alpha}^2^ Canum Venaticorum type variable star, 41 Tau. All three white dwarfs associated with the cluster are massive (1.01-1.06M _{sun}_) and have progenitors with main-sequence masses of about six solar masses. Although we did not associate any giant stars with the cluster, the cooling time of the oldest white dwarf of 60Myr gives a firm lower limit on the age of the cluster.2022ApJ...926..132Hhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/926/132CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)J/A+A/331/81 : Hyades membership (Perryman+ 1998)J/AJ/132/1221 : VJHK and SDSS photometry of DA white dwarfs (Holberg+, 2006)J/ApJ/743/138 : Spectroscopic survey of bright white dwarfs (Gianninas+, 2011)J/ApJ/730/128 : Spectroscopy of DA WD from the SDSS-DR4 (Tremblay+, 2011)J/ApJ/758/56 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. II. Kinematics (Shkolnik+, 2012)J/A+A/616/A10 : 46 open clusters GaiaDR2 HR diag. (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/A+A/623/A35 : A 3D view of the Hyades population (Lodieu+, 2019)J/A+A/628/A66 : alpha Persei, Pleiades and Praesepe clusters (Lodieu+, 2019)J/ApJ/901/93 : Model atm. analysis of hot WDs from SDSS DR12 (Bedard+, 2020)J/A+A/638/A131 : Radial velocities of 643 DA white dwarfs (Napiwotzki+, 2020)J/A+A/645/A84 : Coronae of nearby star clusters (Meingast+, 2021)J/ApJ/912/165 : Massive white dwarfs in young star clusters (Richer+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/926/132https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/926/132http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/926/132https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/926/132https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/926/132http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/926/132GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/926/132/table4 (Catalogue of current Pleiades stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/132/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/132/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/132/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true56.456824.36750.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/926/132/table5 (Catalogue of Pleiades-escapee candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/132/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/132/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/132/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true61.651827.59970.0055555555555555564/28 5/91 94 116-118 120-121 123-124 126 209 6/26 80 140 310 329 333 337 347 353 356 358 361-363 368-369 373-375 380-382 405 407 413 423 436-437 439 441 443 446-447 476 478-479 488-489 491 500 502-503 509-510 603 652 785 788 791 793 832 834 845 848-849 851 856 864 867-868 871-872 877 882 885 887 932 961 968 974 976 991 1019 1032 1060 1065 1091 1119 1141 1162 1164 1193-1194 1233 1279 1356 1360 1384 1397 1422 1434 1484 1527 1539 1624 1661 1715 1737 1805 1829 1888 1901 1936 1940 1999 2028 2311 2373 2476 2494 2693 3092 3256 3394 3410 3522 3661 5659 6698 6797 6847 6900 6955 7080 7132 7781 7934 8185 9696 11149 13954 14876 16236 17853 18259 18287 18386 19749 19948 19955 20484 20492 20672 21151 21397 21416 22744 22755 22877 22891 22948 23157 23164 23321 23356 23375 23424 23476 23533 23598 23717-23718 23724 23777 24017 24023 24141 24243 24309 24474 24527 24534 24562 34650 34823 36211 36269 36328 36596 37452 37900 38199 39455 39521 48417 490821.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/926/132?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/926/132/table4Catalogue of current Pleiades starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaEDR3Gaia EDR3 source identifiermeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRS[52.5/61.2] Right Ascension (ICRS) at Epoch 2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRS[20/28] Declination (ICRS) at Epoch 2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGmag[3.86/20.6]? Gaia EDR3 G band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optdoublenullablee_Gmag[0.0001/0.02]? Uncertainty in Gmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decindexedplx[6.8/8] Gaia EDR3 parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.01/1.3] Uncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatBp-Rp[-0.41/4.1]? Gaia EDR3 Bp-Rp colormagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Rdoublenullablee_Bp-Rp[0/0.4]? Uncertainty in Bp-Rpmagstat.errordoublenullablepmRA[15.79/24.1] Gaia EDR3 proper motion in RAmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRA[0.02/2] Uncertainty in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-50.1/-40.7] Gaia EDR3 proper motion in DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDE[0.01/1.2] Uncertainty in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatJ/ApJ/926/132/table5Catalogue of Pleiades-escapee candidatesDelv3D[0.09/2.4] Reconstructed 3D velocity of the star relative to clusterkm/sphys.velocfloattesc[1.4/139.3] Time before the present when the star and cluster were closest togetherMyrtime.epochfloat_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decindexedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaEDR3Gaia EDR3 source identifiermeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRS[7.6/328] Right Ascension (ICRS) at Epoch 2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRS[-68.4/87.2] Declination (ICRS) at Epoch 2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGmag[5/20.6] Gaia EDR3 G band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optfloate_Gmag[0.0001/0.008] Uncertainty in Gmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatplx[5/29.5] Gaia EDR3 parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.01/1.2] Uncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatBp-Rp[-0.5/4.1]? Gaia EDR3 Bp-Rp colormagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Rdoublenullablee_Bp-Rp[0/0.3]? Uncertainty in Bp-Rpmagstat.errordoublenullablepmRA[-101/96.5] Gaia EDR3 proper motion in RAmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRA[0.01/1.3] Uncertainty in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-171.6/37.5] Gaia EDR3 proper motion in DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDE[0.01/0.9] Uncertainty in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatDelv2D[0.05/2.3] Relative velocity within the plane of the sky wrt clusterkm/sphys.veloc;obs.fieldfloatdpres[10/195] Distance of each star relative to clusterpcpos.distancefloatVr[-30.5/33.2] Magnitude of the reconstructed radial velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVelocfloatdmin[0/15] Minimum distance of star from cluster at tminpcpos.distance;stat.minfloat