J/ApJ/925/21ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/925/21doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19250021CDSFlores C.Connelley M.S.Reipurth B.Duchene G.2025-05-22T20:11:50Z2023-09-28T09:13:55ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fryoung-stellar-objectsinfrared-astronomyspectroscopymagnetic-fieldsstellar-spectral-typesstellar-massesvisible-astronomyeffective-temperaturepre-main-sequence-starsMagnetic fields and mass accretion processes create dark and bright spots on the surface of young stars. These spots manifest as surface thermal inhomogeneities, which alter the global temperature measured on the stars. To understand the effects and implications of these starspots, we conducted a large iSHELL high-resolution infrared spectroscopic survey of T Tauri stars in Taurus-Auriga and Ophiuchus star-forming regions. From the K-band spectra, we measured stellar temperatures and magnetic field strengths using a magnetic radiative transfer code. We compared our infrared-derived parameters against literature optical temperatures and found (a) a systematic temperature difference between optical and infrared observations, and (b) a positive correlation between the magnetic field strengths and the temperature differences. The discrepant temperature measurements imply significant differences in the inferred stellar masses from stellar evolutionary models. To discern which temperature better predicts the mass of the star, we compared our model-derived masses against dynamical masses measured from Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and the Plateau de Bure Interferometer for a subsample of our sources. From this comparison we conclude that, in the range of stellar masses from 0.3 to 1.3M_{sun}_, neither infrared nor optical temperatures perfectly reproduce the stellar dynamical masses. But, on average, infrared temperatures produce more precise and accurate stellar masses than optical ones.2022ApJ...925...21Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/925/21CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/AJ/130/1145 : YSO near-infrared properties (Doppmann+, 2005)J/AJ/130/1733 : Optical spectroscopy of {rho} Oph stars (Wilking+, 2005)J/A+A/460/695 : Associations Containing Young stars (Torres+, 2006)J/other/A+ARV/17.251 : Stars observed with Doppler imaging (Strassmeier, 2009)J/ApJS/186/111 : Spitzer observations of Taurus members (Luhman+, 2010)J/AJ/142/140 : Opt. spectroscopy of {rho} Oph stars. II. (Erickson+, 2011)J/ApJ/786/97 : Photospheric properties of T Tauri stars (Herczeg+, 2014)J/MNRAS/441/2361 : Stellar magnetism, age and rotation (Vidotto+, 2014)J/AJ/156/75 : Circumstellar disks in the Upper Sco assoc. (Esplin+, 2018)J/MNRAS/482/698 : Oph DIsc Survey Employing ALMA (ODISEA). I. (Cieza+, 2019)J/A+A/622/A72 : Intermediate-mass T Tau stars spectra (Villebrun+, 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/925/21https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/925/21http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/925/21https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/925/21https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/925/21http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/925/21GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/925/21/pmsstars (Stellar parameters of young stars derived from K band (Table 1) and optical parameters from literature and derived masses (Table 2))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/925/21/pmsstars?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/925/21/pmsstars?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/925/21/pmsstars?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true68.730917524.48139830.0055555555555555566/1029 1031 1039 1048 1050-1053 1073 1075 1081 1083 1114 1124 1136 1156 1159 1170-1171 23549 42970 42972 42981 42992https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/925/21?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/925/21/pmsstarsStellar parameters of young stars derived from K band (Table 1) and optical parameters from literature and derived masses (Table 2)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName of the starmeta.id;meta.maincharE_Tkband[10/142] Upper statistical K-band temperature uncertainty (1)Kstat.error;stat.maxinte_Tkband[7/169] Lower statistical K-band temperature uncertainty (1)Kstat.errorintlogg[3.1/4.4] Surface gravity in log10log(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatE_logg[0.02/0.4] Upper statistical surface gravity uncertainty (1)log(cm.s**-2)stat.error;stat.maxfloate_logg[0.03/0.5] Lower statistical surface gravity uncertainty (1)log(cm.s**-2)stat.errorfloatveiling[0.03/4.15] Infrared K band veilingphot.flux;em.IR.K;arith.ratiofloatE_veiling[0.01/0.5] Upper statistical infrared K band veiling uncertainty (1)stat.error;stat.maxfloate_veiling[0.01/0.7] Lower statistical infrared K band veiling uncertainty (1)stat.errorfloatVmicro[0.14/3.64] Micro turbulencem/sphys.veloc.microTurbfloatE_Vmicro[0.17/1.1] Upper statistical micro turbulence uncertainty (1)m/sstat.error;stat.maxfloate_Vmicro[0.03/2.1] Lower statistical micro turbulence uncertainty (1)m/sstat.errorfloatBfield[0.7/3.3] Magnetic field strength in deciTesla or kilogauss0.1Tphys.magFieldfloatE_Bfield[0.05/0.7] Upper statistical Magnetic field strength uncertainty (1)0.1Tstat.error;stat.maxfloate_Bfield[0.06/0.8] Lower statistical Magnetic field strength uncertainty (1)0.1Tstat.errorfloatvsini[5.15/34.6] Projected rotational velocitym/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatE_vsini[0.07/2.7] Upper statistical projected rotational velocity uncertainty (1)m/sstat.error;stat.maxfloate_vsini[0.19/2.1] Lower statistical projected rotational velocity uncertainty (1)m/sstat.error;phys.veloc.rotatfloatTopt[3085/4710]? Optical temperatureKphys.temperatureintnullablee_Topt[30/290]? Statistical Optical temperature uncertaintyKstat.errorintnullabler_SpT[1/8]? Reference for the adopted spectral type (2)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullableMkband[0.3/1.5]? Stellar mass derived from K-band temperaturesolMassphys.massfloatnullableE_Mkband[0.02/0.2]? Upper statistical K-band derived mass uncertaintysolMassstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablee_Mkband[0.04/0.2]? Lower statistical K-band derived mass uncertaintysolMassstat.errorfloatnullableMopt[0.4/1.7]? Stellar mass derived from optical temperaturesolMassphys.massfloatnullablel_Mopt[> ] Limit flag on the upper uncertaintymeta.code.errorcharE_Mopt[0.03/0.3]? Upper statistical Optical derived mass uncertaintysolMassstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablee_Mopt[0.03/0.3]? Lower statistical Optical derived mass uncertaintysolMassstat.errorfloatnullableMdyn[0.1/1.27]? Dynamical masssolMassphys.massfloatnullablee_Mdyn[0.01/0.3]? Statistical dynamical mass uncertaintysolMassstat.errorfloatnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSpTAdopted optical spectral type from literaturesrc.spTypecharTkband[3004/4400] K band temperatureKphys.temperatureintSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullable