J/ApJ/923/258ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/923/258doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19230258CDSKilpatrick C.D.Coulter D.A.Arcavi I.Brink T.G.Dimitriadis G.,Filippenko A.V.Foley R.J.Howell D.A.Jones D.O.Kasen D.Makler M.,Piro A.L.Rojas-Bravo C.Sand D.J.Swift J.J.Tucker D.Zheng W.,Allam S.S.Annis J.T.Antilen J.Bachmann T.G.Bloom J.S.Bom C.R.,Bostroem K.A.Brout D.Burke J.Butler R.E.Butner M.Campillay A.,Clever K.E.Conselice C.J.Cooke J.Dage K.C.de Carvalho R.R.,de Jaeger T.Desai S.Garcia A.Garcia-Bellido J.Gill M.S.S.,Girish N.Hallakoun N.Herner K.Hiramatsu D.Holz D.E.Huber G.,Kawash A.M.McCully C.Medallon S.A.Metzger B.D.Modak S.Morgan R.,Munoz R.R.Munoz-Elgueta N.Murakami Y.S.F.O. EPalmese A.,Patra K.C.Pereira M.E.S.Pessi T.L.Pineda-Garcia J.,Quirola-Vasquez J.Ramirez-Ruiz E.Rembold S.B.Rest A.Rodriguez O.,Santana-Silva L.Sherman N.F.Siebert M.R.Smith C.Smith J.A.,Soares-Santos M.Stacey H.Stahl B.E.Strader J.Strasburger E.,Sunseri J.Tinyanont S.Tucker B.E.Ulloa N.Valenti S.,Vasylyev S.S.Wiesner M.P.Zhang K.D.2024-03-04T14:05:04Z2023-07-28T14:17:13ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgravitational-wavesneutron-starsblack-holesredshiftedvisible-astronomyspectroscopyinfrared-photometryWide-band photometryWe present optical follow-up imaging obtained with the Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope, Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Nickel Telescope, Swope Telescope, and Thacher Telescope of the LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave (GW) signal from the neutron star-black hole (NSBH) merger GW190814. We searched the GW190814 localization region (19deg^2^ for the 90th percentile best localization), covering a total of 51deg^2^ and 94.6% of the two-dimensional localization region. Analyzing the properties of 189 transients that we consider as candidate counterparts to the NSBH merger, including their localizations, discovery times from merger, optical spectra, likely host galaxy redshifts, and photometric evolution, we conclude that none of these objects are likely to be associated with GW190814. Based on this finding, we consider the likely optical properties of an electromagnetic counterpart to GW190814, including possible kilonovae and short gamma-ray burst afterglows. Using the joint limits from our follow-up imaging, we conclude that a counterpart with an r-band decline rate of 0.68mag/day, similar to the kilonova AT 2017gfo, could peak at an absolute magnitude of at most -17.8mag (50% confidence). Our data are not constraining for "red" kilonovae and rule out "blue" kilonovae with M>0.5M_{sun}_ (30% confidence). We strongly rule out all known types of short gamma-ray burst afterglows with viewing angles <17{deg} assuming an initial jet opening angle of ~5.2 and explosion energies and circumburst densities similar to afterglows explored in the literature. Finally, we explore the possibility that GW190814 merged in the disk of an active galactic nucleus, of which we find four in the localization region, but we do not find any candidate counterparts among these sources.2021ApJ...923..258Khttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/923/258CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/183 : UBVRI Photometric Standards (Landolt 1992)VII/259 : 6dF galaxy survey final redshift release (Jones+, 2009)VII/258 : Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei (13th Ed.) (Veron+ 2010)II/349 : The Pan-STARRS release 1 (PS1) Survey - DR1 (Chambers+, 2016)II/357 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 1 (Abbott+, 2018)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)VII/281 : GLADE v2.3 catalog (Dalya+, 2018)VII/292 : DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys DR8 (Duncan, 2022)J/AJ/130/873 : BQS objects in the SDSS DR3 area (Jester+, 2005)J/AJ/130/2012 : Redshifts in SARS clusters (Way+, 2005)J/ApJS/190/418 : Light curves for 165 SNe (Ganeshalingam+, 2010)J/ApJ/743/34 : WISE and SDSS-DR7 data in 69 galaxy clusters (Chung+, 2011)J/MNRAS/425/1819 : Berkeley supernova Ia program. II. (Silverman+, 2012)J/ApJ/788/48 : X-ray through NIR photometry of NGC 2617 (Shappee+, 2014)J/ApJS/221/12 : AGNs in the MIR using AllWISE data (Secrest+, 2015)J/MNRAS/459/3939 : Type II supernova light curves (Valenti+, 2016)J/ApJ/848/L33 : Opt. follow-up of GW events with LCO (Arcavi+, 2017)J/ApJ/884/L55 : Opt. follow-up within S190814bv region (Gomez+, 2019)J/A+A/643/A113 : iz photometry of S190814bv ctp candidates (Ackley+, 2020)J/ApJ/890/131 : Follow-up of counterparts of S190814bv (Andreoni+, 2020)J/A+A/649/A72 : GW190814 observations taken with MeerLICHT (de Wet+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/923/258https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/923/258http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/923/258https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/923/258https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/923/258http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/923/258GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/923/258/table2 (Candidate electromagnetic counterparts to GW190814)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/258/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/258/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/258/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true12.87085-22.471377780.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/923/258/table1 (Optical/IR imaging of the GW190814 localization region)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/258/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/258/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/258/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true21.9815-34.69730.0055555555555555565/4161 4164 4166-4167 4169 4172-4174 8909-8911 8932 6/16410 16423 16429 16434 16462 16468 16477 16489 16577 16579 16582-16583 16594-16595 16598-16599 16604 16652-16653 16655 16660 16662 16674 16684-16685 16700-16702 16704 16713-16715 16718-16719 16731 16740-16741 16747-16748 16752 16756 16759 16765 16767-16768 16773 16784-16786 16788 16790-16791 16835 16845 17440-17442 17446 17448 17451-17453 17455 17464-17465 17552 17559 17602-17603 17609 17637 17648 17826 19935 35574 35607 35614-35615 35631 35633-35635 35656 35680 35682 35688 35690-35691 35719 35732-35734 35737-35738 35749 35751 35755 35757 35759 35761 35763 35768 35770-35771 35774https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/923/258?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/923/258/table2Candidate electromagnetic counterparts to GW190814recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSpDisplay the spectral data (link to Table 3)meta.ref.urlintnullableNameCandidate counterpartmeta.id;meta.maincharprimarySimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainProb[0.1/1] Cumulative LVC probability (1)stat.probabilityfloatMJD[58710.2/58723.5] Modified Julian Discovery Datedtime.epochdoublez[0.0008/0.5]? Redshiftsrc.redshiftdoublenullablee_z[0/0.4]? Uncertainty in zstat.error;src.redshiftdoublenullablen_zReference for z (2)meta.notecharFilt[riz] Filtermeta.id;instr.filtercharMag[-25/-6]? Absolute AB magnitude in Filter (3)magphys.magAbsfloatnullablee_Mag[0.1/0.5]? Uncertainty in Magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableDays[0.4/13.5]? Observer-frame days (4)dtime.intervalfloatnullableRejRejection reason (5)meta.code.classcharNoteAdditional notes (6)meta.noten_NameFlag on Name (7)meta.notecharNpNumber of photometry measurements for this counterpart (link to Table 4)meta.numberintnullableJ/ApJ/923/258/table1Optical/IR imaging of the GW190814 localization regionrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTelSurvey source identifier (G1)meta.id;instr.telcharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainMJD[58709.9/58737.6] Modified Julian Datedtime.epochdoubleFiltFilter (C, J, g, r or i)meta.id;instr.filtercharmaglim[11.5/22.5]? AB magnitude limit in Filter (2)magphot.mag;stat.maxfloatnullableJ/ApJ/923/258/table3*Spectra of candidates and host galaxiesNameName of the sourcemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintf_NameFlag on Name (1)meta.codecharDateDate of observation (UTC)time.epochnullableTelTelescopemeta.id;instr.telcharTypeSpectral types for transient spectrasrc.spTypecharz[0.01/1.8]? Spectroscopic redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatnullablee_z[0.0001/0.005]? z uncertaintystat.error;src.redshiftfloatnullablef_zFlag on z (1)meta.codecharzphPS1[0.002/0.4]? PS1-STRM (Beck+ 2021MNRAS.500.1633B) photometric redshiftsrc.redshift.photfloatnullablee_zphPS1[0.004/0.3]? zphPS1 uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullablezphL[0.018/0.4]? Legacy (Zhou+ 2021MNRAS.501.3309Z) photometric redshiftsrc.redshift.photfloatnullablee_zphL[0.007/0.4]? zphL uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullableRefReference(s) relevant to the discovery and classification of each candidate (2)meta.refcharJ/ApJ/923/258/table4Photometry of candidate electromagnetic counterparts to GW190814NameCandidate counterpartmeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJD[58710.2/58737.4] Modified Julian Datedtime.epochdoubleFilt[r] Filtermeta.id;instr.filtercharmag[17.42/21.68] Apparent magnitude in Filter (1)magphot.magfloate_mag[0.02/0.4] Uncertainty in magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatTelSurvey source identifier (G1)meta.id;instr.telchar