J/ApJ/921/182ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/921/182doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19210182CDSRilinger A.M.Espaillat C.C.2023-08-25T09:50:28Z2023-04-05T09:04:24ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frbrown-dwarfsstar-forming-regionsstellar-massesastronomical-modelsspectral-energy-distributioninfrared-photometryvisible-astronomymillimeter-astronomysubmillimeter-astronomyWe present the largest sample of brown dwarf (BD) protoplanetary disk spectral energy distributions modeled to date. We compile 49 objects with ALMA observations from four star-forming regions: {rho} Ophiuchus, Taurus, Lupus, and Upper Scorpius. Studying multiple regions with various ages enables us to probe disk evolution over time. Specifically, from our models, we obtain values for dust grain sizes, dust settling, and disk mass; we compare how each of these parameters vary between the regions. We find that disk mass decreases with age. We also find evidence of disk evolution (i.e., grain growth and significant dust settling) in all four regions, indicating that planet formation and disk evolution may begin to occur at earlier stages. We generally find that these disks contain too little mass to form planetary companions, though we cannot rule out that planet formation may have already occurred. Finally, we examine the disk mass-host mass relationship and find that BD disks are largely consistent with previously determined relationships for disks around T Tauri stars.2021ApJ...921..182Rhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/921/182CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/ApJS/101/117 : UBVRIJHKLMNQ photometry in Taurus-Auriga (Kenyon+ 1995)J/AJ/124/404 : Upper Sco OB assoc. Lithium survey. II. (Preibisch, 2002)J/ApJ/651/L49 : Upper Sco OB association IRAC obs. (Carpenter+, 2006)J/ApJ/703/1964 : Spectra of three nearby star-forming regions (Furlan+, 2009)J/ApJS/186/111 : Spitzer observations of Taurus members (Luhman+, 2010)J/A+A/547/A80 : Properties of Collinder 69 low-mass members (Bayo+, 2012)J/ApJ/758/31 : IR photometry for members of Upper Sco (Luhman+, 2012)J/ApJ/746/154 : Improved kinematic plx for Sco-Cen members (Pecaut+, 2012)J/ApJ/771/129 : Submillimetric Class II sources of Taurus (Andrews+, 2013)J/A+A/549/A109 : HARPS XXXI. The M-dwarf sample (Bonfils+, 2013)J/ApJ/767/95 : Improved parameters of smallest KIC stars (Dressing+, 2013)J/ApJ/769/149 : IR spectroscopy in Orion A: transitional disks (Kim+, 2013)J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors & temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)J/A+A/564/A51 : 3mm maps of 4 transition disks (Pinilla+, 2014)J/A+A/579/A66 : Accretion in {rho}-Ophiucus (Manara+, 2015)J/ApJ/828/46 : ALMA survey of Lupus protopl. disks. I. (Ansdell+, 2016)J/ApJ/827/142 : ALMA obs. of GKM stars in Upper Sco (Barenfeld+, 2016)J/ApJ/826/16 : ALMA & GeMS observations of the OMC1 region (Eisner+, 2016)J/ApJ/825/91 : Refined classification for Orion A protostars (Lewis+, 2016)J/ApJ/831/125 : ALMA 887um obs. of ChaI star-forming reg (Pascucci+, 2016)J/A+A/600/A20 : Lupus YSOs X-shooter spectroscopy (Alcala+, 2017)J/AJ/153/240 : ALMA survey of protopl. disks in sigma Ori (Ansdell+, 2017)J/ApJ/841/116 : Herschel spectra of 11 very low mass stars (Hendler+, 2017)J/ApJ/849/63 : FIR-mm data of YSOs in star-forming regions (Ribas+, 2017)J/ApJ/863/13 : Herschel obs. of protopl. disks in L1641 (Grant+, 2018)J/MNRAS/478/3674 : IC 348 circumstellar discs ALMA data (Ruiz-Rodriguez+, 2018)J/AJ/155/54 : TBOSS Survey. II. ALMA continuum obs. (Ward-Duong+, 2018)J/AJ/157/144 : Protoplanetary disk masses in Taurus (Ballering+, 2019)J/A+A/626/A11 : Corona Australis ALMA and X-Shooter data (Cazzoletti+, 2019)J/MNRAS/482/698 : Ophiuchus DIsc Survey Employing ALMA. I. (Cieza+, 2019)J/A+A/628/A85 : Disk masses in Orion Molecular Cloud-2 (van Terwisga+, 2019)J/ApJ/875/L9 : ODISEA: Disk dust mass distributions (Williams+, 2019)J/A+A/640/A27 : Protoplanetary disk masses in NGC 2024 (van Terwisga+, 2020)J/ApJ/913/123 : ALMA survey of protopl. disks in Lynds 1641 (Grant+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/921/182https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/921/182http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/921/182https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/921/182https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/921/182http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/921/182GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/921/182/table1 (Parameters of brown dwarf (BD) modeled in this work)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/921/182/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/921/182/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/921/182/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true69.766503925.74065170.0055555555555555566/1037 1040 1042-1043 1047 1052 1054 1061 1073-1075 1080 1082-1084 1114-1115 1159 1168-1169 42611 42614 42736 42738 42981 42992 44316-44317 44366 44378 44386https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/921/182?format=asciiOpticalInfraredMillimeterdefaultJ/ApJ/921/182/table1Parameters of brown dwarf (BD) modeled in this workSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableSFRStar forming regionmeta.id.parentcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSpTSpectral typesrc.spTypecharNameBrown dwarf namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryTemp[2250/3400] TemperatureKphys.temperatureintAv[0/11.71] Dust extinctionmagphys.absorptionfloatlogLum[-3.1/-0.1] Log of luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosityfloatMass[0.01/0.1] MasssolMassphys.massfloatRad[0.18/1.9] RadiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloatDist[116/175] Distance from Gaia parallaxes (1)pcpos.distancefloate_Dist[1.2/12.5]? Lower uncertainty on Distpcstat.errorfloatnullableE_Dist[1.3/15.2]? Upper uncertainty on Distpcstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablef_Dista: From reference listed in "Ref"meta.codecharRef[1/8] Reference (2)meta.ref;pos.frameintMdiskDisk mass from Table 4; added by CDS (3)(1.898187x10+27kg)phys.massdoubleNsedNumber of SED measurementsmeta.numberintnullableSEDInteractive SED Plotmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/921/182/sedsSpectral Energy Distribution (Data behind Figures A1-A4)NameSource namemeta.id;meta.mainchare_Flux[0/70]? Flux uncertainty (1)mJystat.error;phot.fluxfloatnullableFiltFilter and/or telescope of measurement (including "2MASS", "ALMA", "GAIA", "Herschel", "PS1", "SDSS", "SMA", "Spitzer" and "WISE")instr.tel;instr.filtercharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[0.35/13599.3] Wavelengthumem.wldoublel_FluxUpper limit flag on Fluxmeta.code.error;phot.fluxcharFlux[-0.18/531] Flux densitymJyphot.flux.densityfloat