J/ApJ/903/112ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/903/112doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19030112CDSDalla Bonta E.D.Peterson B.M.Bentz M.C.Brandt W.N.Ciroi S.,De Rosa G.Alvarez G.F.Grier C.J.Hall P.B.Hernandez Santisteban J.V.,Ho L.C.Homayouni Y.Horne K.Kochanek C.S.Li J.I.-H.Morelli L.,Pizzella A.Pogge R.W.Schneider D.P.Shen Y.Trump J.R.Vestergaard M.2023-08-16T13:59:40Z2022-03-16T07:51:33ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fractive-galactic-nucleiquasarsblack-holesvisible-astronomyultraviolet-astronomyredshiftedIt is well known that reverberation mapping of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) reveals a relationship between AGN luminosity and the size of the broad-line region, and that use of this relationship, combined with the Doppler width of the broad emission line, enables an estimate of the mass of the black hole at the center of the active nucleus based on a single spectrum. An unresolved key issue is the choice of parameter used to characterize the line width, either FWHM or line dispersion {sigma}_line_ (the square root of the second moment of the line profile). We argue here that use of FWHM introduces a bias, stretching the mass scale such that high masses are overestimated and low masses are underestimated. Here we investigate estimation of black hole masses in AGNs based on individual or "single-epoch" observations, with a particular emphasis in comparing mass estimates based on line dispersion and FWHM. We confirm the recent findings that, in addition to luminosity and line width, a third parameter is required to obtain accurate masses, and that parameter seems to be Eddington ratio. We present simplified empirical formulae for estimating black hole masses from the H{beta} {lambda}4861 and C_IV_ {lambda}1549 emission lines. While the AGN continuum luminosity at 5100{AA} is usually used to predict the H{beta} reverberation lag, we show that the luminosity of the H{beta} broad component can be used instead without any loss of precision, thus eliminating the difficulty of accurately accounting for the host-galaxy contribution to the observed luminosity.2020ApJ...903..112Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/903/112CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJS/115/185 : 3C 390.3 BVRI and H photometry (Dietrich+, 1998)J/ApJ/510/659 : Size and Structure of AGN in NGC 5548 (Peterson+, 1999)J/A+A/369/57 : Monitoring Mkn279 BVRI & H{beta} fluxes (Santos-Lleo+, 2001)J/ApJ/613/682 : AGN central masses & broad-line region sizes (Peterson+, 2004)J/ApJ/632/799 : NGC4395 light curves (Peterson+, 2005)J/ApJ/667/131 : Mass function of active black holes (Greene+, 2007)J/ApJ/666/757 : CIV 1549{AA} emission line in AGNs (Sulentic+, 2007)J/AJ/135/928 : The black hole-bulge relationship (Shen+, 2008)J/ApJ/680/169 : SDSS DR5 virial black hole masses (Shen+, 2008)J/ApJ/702/1353 : H{beta} and V-band light curves of NGC 4051 (Denney+, 2009)J/ApJ/716/993 : LAMP: reverberation mapping of H and He lines (Bentz+, 2010)J/MNRAS/410/860 : Redshift dependence of BAL QSOs (Allen+, 2011)J/MNRAS/426/416 : Mrk6 H{alpha}, H{beta} & H{gamma} spectra (Doroshenko+, 2012)J/ApJ/755/60 : Reverberation mapping for 5 Seyfert 1 galaxies (Grier+, 2012)J/ApJ/746/169 : Luminosity function of broad-line quasars (Shen+, 2012)J/ApJ/753/125 : Near-IR spectroscopy follow-up 60 SDSS-DR7 QSOs (Shen+, 2012)J/ApJ/779/109 : Long-term monitoring of NGC 5548 (Peterson+, 2013)J/ApJ/782/45 : SEAMBHs. I. Mrk 142, Mrk 335, and IRAS F12397+3333 (Du+, 2014)J/ApJ/795/149 : Reverberation mapping of Seyfert 1 NGC 7469 (Peterson+, 2014)J/ApJ/788/48 : X-ray through NIR photometry of NGC 2617 (Shappee+, 2014)J/ApJS/217/26 : Lick AGN monitoring 2011: light curves (Barth+, 2015)J/MNRAS/454/3864 : Orientation & QSO black hole mass estimat (Brotherton+ 2015)J/ApJ/806/128 : Space telescope RM project. I. NGC5548 (De Rosa+, 2015)J/ApJ/806/129 : Space telescope RM project. II. Swift data (Edelson+, 2015)J/ApJS/216/4 : SDSS-RM project: technical overview (Shen+, 2015)J/ApJ/804/L15 : SDSS-DR7 broad-line QSOs (Sun+, 2015)J/ApJ/825/126 : SEAMBHs. V. The third year (Du+, 2016)J/ApJ/821/56 : Space telescope RM project III. NGC5548 LCs (Fausnaugh+, 2016)J/ApJ/827/118 : A new reverberation mapping campaign on NGC 5548 (Lu+, 2016)J/ApJ/817/55 : NIR spectroscopy of 1.5<z<3.5 broad-band QSOs (Shen, 2016)J/ApJ/818/30 : Lag measurements for 15z<0.8 QSOs from SDSS-RM (Shen+, 2016)J/A+A/603/A1 : X-shooter spectra of 6 ~2.2 quasars (Bisogni+, 2017)J/MNRAS/465/2120 : Correcting CIV-based virial black hole mass (Coatman+, 2017)J/ApJ/840/41 : X-ray/UV Swift monitoring of NGC 4151 (Edelson+, 2017)J/ApJ/840/97 : Opt reverberation mapping campaign 5 AGNs (Fausnaugh+, 2017)J/ApJ/851/21 : SDSS RM project first year of observations (Grier+, 2017)J/ApJ/837/131 : Space tel RM project V. NGC5548 sp. monitoring (Pei+, 2017)J/A+A/608/A122 : Spectra of 28 intermediate redshift quasars (Sulentic+, 2017)J/MNRAS/474/339 : Photometric analysis of Abell 1689 (Dalla Bonta+, 2018)J/ApJ/866/133 : Continuum-H{beta} light curves of 5 Seyfert 1 (De Rosa+, 2018)J/ApJ/856/6 : SEAMBHs IX. 10 new H{beta} light curves (Du+, 2018)J/ApJ/865/56 : Emission line & R-band continuum LCs of 17 QSOs (Lira+, 2018)J/ApJ/885/161 : 90 cepheid candidates nearby NGC 6814 (Bentz+, 2019)J/ApJ/880/46 : Spectroscopy & V-band monitoring of CTS C30.10 (Czerny+, 2019)J/ApJ/886/42 : Reverberation mapping & opt. spectra data of AGNs (Du+, 2019)J/ApJ/870/123 : Swift optical & UV flux of four AGNs (Edelson+, 2019)J/ApJ/887/38 : SDSS RM Project: CIV lags & LCs from 4yrs data (Grier+, 2019)J/ApJS/241/34 : The SDSS Reverberation Mapping (SDSS-RM) project (Shen+, 2019)J/ApJ/882/4 : SDSS-RM project: H{alpha}, H{beta} & MgII lines (Wang+, 2019)J/ApJ/876/49 : A 10yr reverberation mapping campaign for 3C273 (Zhang+, 2019)J/ApJ/901/55 : SDSS-RM project: MgII lags 4yrs monitoring (Homayouni+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/903/112https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/903/112http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/903/112https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/903/112https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/903/112http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/903/112GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/903/112/tablea3 (Reverberation-mapped AGNs (SDSS H{beta}))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/903/112/tablea3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/903/112/tablea3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/903/112/tablea3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true214.02953.15830.0055555555555555565/2856 6/10743 10749 11402 11428 11430 11432-11433https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/903/112?format=asciiUVOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/903/112/tablea3Reverberation-mapped AGNs (SDSS H{beta})SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablee_sigmaR[8/70] Error on sigmaRkm/sstat.errorintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRMID[16/840] Reverberation mapping identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintz[0.11/0.98] Redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatDistL[524/6234] Luminosity distanceMpcpos.distancefloatTHb[3.9/75.2] H{beta} time lagdtime.intervalfloate_THb[0.6/16] Negative error on THbdstat.errorfloatE_THb[0.4/15] Positive error on THbdstat.error;stat.maxfloatL5100[43.3/45.5] Log AGN continuum luminosity 5100{AA}erg/sphys.luminosity;em.optfloatNEDNED column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharLEDAmeta.ref.urlchare_L5100[0.0003/0.004] Error on L5100erg/sstat.errorfloatLHb[41.4/43.5] Log H{beta} luminosityerg/sphys.luminosity;em.line.Hbetafloate_LHb[0.001/0.09] Error on LHberg/sstat.errorfloatFWHM[2023/8365] FWHM of H{beta} in the mean spectrumkm/sinstr.bandwidthinte_FWHM[7/323] Error on FWHMkm/sstat.errorintsigmaM[1078/5069] Line dispersion of H{beta} in the mean spectrumkm/sphys.veloc.dispersioninte_sigmaM[5/254] Error on sigmaMkm/sstat.errorintsigmaR[976/7568] Line dispersion of H{beta} in the rms spectrumkm/sphys.veloc.dispersionint_RAPosition from Grier et al., 2017 J/ApJ/851/21 (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEPosition from Grier et al., 2017 J/ApJ/851/21 (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableJ/ApJ/903/112/tablea4Reverberation-mapped AGNs (SDSS C^IV^)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRMID[0/827] Reverberation mapping identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintz[1.41/2.78] Redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatDistL[9903/22476] Luminosity distanceMpcpos.distanceintTCiv[19.9/249] C_IV_ time lagdtime.intervalfloate_TCiv[3.1/50.7] Negative error on TCivdstat.errorfloatE_TCiv[2.4/43.2] Positive error on TCivdstat.error;stat.maxfloatL1350[44.4/46.4] Log continuum luminosity at 1350{AA}erg/sphys.luminosityfloate_L1350[0.001/0.03] Error on L1350erg/sstat.errorfloatFWHM[1871/9496] FWHM of C_IV_ in the mean spectrumkm/sinstr.bandwidthinte_FWHM[11/312] Error on FWHMkm/sstat.errorintsigmaM[971/5210] Line dispersion of C_IV_ in the mean spectrumkm/sphys.veloc.dispersioninte_sigmaM[8/160] Error on sigmaMkm/sstat.errorintsigmaR[1322/4749] Line dispersion of C_IV_ in the rms spectrumkm/sphys.veloc.dispersioninte_sigmaR[5/117] Error on sigmaRkm/sstat.errorint