J/ApJ/885/131ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/885/131doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18850131CDSReid M.J.Menten K.M.Brunthaler A.Zheng X.W.Dame T.M.Xu Y.Li J.,Sakai N.Wu Y.Immer K.Zhang B.Sanna A.Moscadelli L.Rygl K.L.J.,Bartkiewicz A.Hu B.Quiroga-nunez L.H.Van Langevelde H.J.2022-09-30T23:08:30Z2021-10-01T07:57:47ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxystar-forming-regionsvisible-astronomytrigonometric-parallaxproper-motionsinterferometryWe compile and analyze approximately 200 trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions of molecular masers associated with very young high-mass stars. Most of the measurements come from the BeSSeL Survey using the VLBA and the Japanese VERA project. These measurements strongly suggest that the Milky Way is a four-arm spiral, with some extra arm segments and spurs. Fitting log-periodic spirals to the locations of the masers, allowing for "kinks" in the spirals and using well-established arm tangencies in the fourth Galactic quadrant, allows us to significantly expand our view of the structure of the Milky Way. We present an updated model for its spiral structure and incorporate it into our previously published parallax-based distance-estimation program for sources associated with spiral arms. Modeling the three-dimensional space motions yields estimates of the distance to the Galactic center, R_0_=8.15{+/-}0.15kpc, the circular rotation speed at the Sun's position, {Theta}_0_=236{+/-}7km/s, and the nature of the rotation curve. Our data strongly constrain the full circular velocity of the Sun, {Theta}_0_+V{odot}=247{+/-}4km/s, and its angular velocity, ({Theta}_0_+V{odot})/R_0_=30.32{+/-}0.27km/s/kpc. Transforming the measured space motions to a Galactocentric frame which rotates with the Galaxy, we find non-circular velocity components typically <~10km/s. However, near the Galactic bar and in a portion of the Perseus arm we find significantly larger non-circular motions. Young high-mass stars within 7kpc of the Galactic center have a scale height of only 19pc, and thus are well suited to define the Galactic plane. We find that the orientation of the plane is consistent with the IAU-defined plane to within {+/-}0.1{deg}, and that the Sun is offset toward the north Galactic pole by Z{odot}=5.5{+/-}5.8pc. Accounting for this offset places the central supermassive black hole, Sgr A*, in the midplane of the Galaxy. The measured motions perpendicular to the plane of the Galaxy limit precession of the plane to <~4km/s at the radius of the Sun. Using our improved Galactic parameters, we predict the Hulse-Taylor binary pulsar to be at a distance of 6.54{+/-}0.24kpc, assuming its orbital decay from gravitational radiation follows general relativity.2019ApJ...885..131Rhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/885/131CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/112 : Catalog of Star-Forming Regions in the Galaxy (Avedisova, 2002)J/ApJ/720/1055 : VBLA observations of W51 Main/South (Sato+, 2010)J/ApJ/783/130 : Parallaxes of high mass star forming regions (Reid+, 2014)J/ApJ/834/142 : Gould's Belt Distances Survey (GOBELINS). II. (Kounkel+, 2017)J/ApJ/864/136 : Massive star-forming regions multiwave. study (Binder+, 2018)J/ApJ/874/16 : SOFIA Massive Star Formation Survey. II. (Liu+, 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/885/131https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/885/131http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/885/131https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/885/131https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/885/131http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/885/131GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/885/131/table1 (Parallaxes & proper motions of high-mass star forming regions)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/885/131/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/885/131/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/885/131/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true197.82038-62.765280.0055555555555555566/1307 1340 1470 2973 3011 3061 3262 3303 3311 3649 14063 14241 14280 14287 14302 14309 14314 14317 14353-14356 14594 14604 14611 14618 14621-14622 14625-14626 14640 14643 14655 14671 14674 14689 14692 14704 15390 15409 15429 15452 15458 15473 15671 15676 15681 15683 15759 21439 21458 21510 21542 22082 22212 23764 23795 23969 24189 24325 24362 24499 24507 24554 28825 28827 28830-28831 28875 28912-28913 28917-28919 29091-29092 29094 29096-29097 29100-29101 29103 29113-29114 29116 29118 29154 29160 29461 29504 29510 29513 29529 29532-29534 30218-30219 30245 30256 30258-30259 30262-30263 30268-30269 30312-30313 30315 30317-30319 30328 30330 30405 30416 30420 30425 30595 30600-30601 30604 30616-30618 30622 30644 30691-30692 30694 30715 30719 39895 39905 40612 41655 42207 42436 42457https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/885/131?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/885/131/table1Parallaxes & proper motions of high-mass star forming regionsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableNameSource namemeta.id;meta.maincharONameOther namemeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000[0/24] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainplx[0.04/2.43] Trigonometric Parallax (1)maspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.005/0.2] Uncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatpmE[-6.9/3.13] Eastward Proper Motion (2)mas/yrpos.pmfloate_pmE[0.06/3.1] Uncertainty in pmEmas/yrstat.errorfloatpmN[-9.36/2.67] Northward Proper Motion (3)mas/yrpos.pmfloate_pmN[0.1/3.8] Uncertainty in pmNmas/yrstat.errorfloatVLSR[-76/121] Local Standard of Rest velocity (3)km/sphys.veloc;pos.lsrinte_VLSR[3/40] Uncertainty in VLSRkm/sstat.error;phys.veloc;pos.lsrintArmSpiral arm designator (4)src.morph.paramcharRefReference designatorsmeta.ref;pos.frameJ/ApJ/885/131/refsReferences usedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRef[1/78] Reference numbermeta.id;meta.mainintAutorMain autorobs.observercharBIBBIBcodemeta.bib.bibcodecharCatCatalog referencemeta.id;meta.datasetcharNoteNote or commentmeta.notechar