J/ApJ/881/7ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/881/7doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18810007CDSLuo Y.Nemeth P.Deng L.Han Z.2023-08-25T13:28:48Z2023-04-04T09:50:08ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsubdwarf-starseffective-temperatureradial-velocityphotometryvisible-astronomytwo-color-diagramsinfrared-astronomyproper-motionssurveysCombing Gaia DR2 with LAMOST DR5, we spectroscopically identified 924 hot subdwarf stars, among which 32 stars exhibit strong double-lined composite spectra. We measured the effective temperature T_eff_, surface gravity logg, helium abundance y=nHe/nH, and radial velocities (RVs) of 892 non-composite spectra hot subdwarf stars by fitting LAMOST observations with TLUSTY/SYNSPEC non-LTE synthetic spectra. We outlined four different groups in the T_eff_--logg diagram with our helium abundance classification scheme and two nearly parallel sequences in the T_eff_--log(y) diagram. 3D Galactic space motions and orbits of 747 hot subdwarf stars with (G_BP_-G_RP_)_0_{<}-0.36mag were computed using LAMOST RVs and Gaia parallaxes and proper motions. Based on the U-V velocity diagram, J_z_-eccentricity diagram, and Galactic orbits, we derived Galactic population classifications and the fractional distributions of the four hot subdwarf helium groups in the halo, thin disk, and thick disk. Comparisons with the predictions of binary population synthesis calculations suggest that He-rich hot subdwarf stars with log(y)>=0 are from the double helium white dwarfs (HeWDs) merger, He-deficient hot subdwarf stars with -2.2<=log(y){<}-1 from the common envelope ejection, and He-deficient hot subdwarf stars with log(y){<}-2.2 from the stable Roche lobe overflow channels. The relative number of He-rich hot subdwarf stars with -1<=log(y)<0 and log(y)>=0 in the halo is more than twice the prediction of Zhang+ (2017ApJ...835..242Z) by more than six times in the thin disk, which implies that the mergers of HeWDs with low-mass main-sequence stars may not be the main formation channel for He-rich hot subdwarf stars with -1<=log(y)<0, especially in younger environments.2019ApJ...881....7Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/881/7CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVI/65 : Evolutionary models of evolved stars (Dorman+ 1993)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)I/305 : The Guide Star Catalog, Version 2.3.2 (GSC2.3) (STScI, 2006)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)V/164 : LAMOST DR5 catalogs (Luo+, 2019)J/ApJ/419/596 : Pop I UV radiation models (Dorman+, 1993)J/A+A/400/877 : White dwarfs 3D kinematics from SPY project (Pauli+, 2003)J/A+A/400/939 : Stellar parameters of 115 HQS sdB stars (Edelmann+, 2003)J/A+A/430/223 : Parameters of cool companions of sdB stars (Lisker+, 2005)J/A+A/447/173 : 3D-kinematics of WDs from SPY project. II. (Pauli+, 2006)J/MNRAS/380/1098 : UV-upturn of elliptical galaxies model (Han+, 2007)J/ApJS/190/1 : A survey of stellar families (Raghavan+, 2010)J/A+A/530/A28 : Priority targets for the MUCHFUSS project (Geier+, 2011)J/MNRAS/427/2180 : GALEX survey subdwarf atmospheric parameters (Nemeth+, 2012)J/A+A/551/A31 : New spectral classification for hot subdwarfs (Drilling+, 2013)J/MNRAS/448/822 : LAMOST candidate members of star clusters (Xiang+, 2015)J/A+A/576/A44 : Hot subdwarf binaries from MUCHFUSS (Kupfer+, 2015)J/A+A/577/A26 : Radial velocities of hot subluminous stars (Geier+, 2015)J/ApJ/818/202 : Hot subdwarf stars in LAMOST DR1 (Luo+, 2016)J/A+A/600/A50 : Catalog of hot subdwarf stars (Geier+, 2017)J/A+A/616/A10 : 46 open clusters GaiaDR2 HR diagrams (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/A+A/616/A12 : Gaia DR2 sources in GC and dSph (Gaia Collaboration+, 2018)J/ApJ/868/70 : Hot subdwarf stars from Gaia DR2 and LAMOST DR5 (Lei+, 2018)J/ApJ/881/135 : Hot subdwarf stars from Gaia DR2 & LAMOST DR5. II. (Lei+, 2019)J/A+A/621/A38 : Gaia catalogue of hot subluminous stars (Geier+, 2019)J/MNRAS/485/2562 : Eclipse timing variation of EBs (Hajdu+, 2019)J/ApJ/898/64 : Hot subdwarf stars from Gaia with LAMOST. II. RVs (Luo+, 2020)J/ApJS/256/28 : Hot subdwarf stars with Gaia DR2 & LAMOST DR7 data (Luo+, 2021)http://dr5.lamost.org/ : LAMOST DR5 home pagehttp://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia : Gaia home pagehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/881/7https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/881/7http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/881/7https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/881/7https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/881/7http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/881/7GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/881/7/table2 (Atmospheric parameters and space positions for 892 non-composite spectra hot subdwarf stars selected from Gaia DR2 and LAMOST DR5)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/881/7/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/881/7/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/881/7/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.0656819417.648046940.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/881/7/table3 (Orbital parameters, galactic velocities for 747 hot subdwarf stars selected from Gaia DR2 and LAMOST DR5)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/881/7/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/881/7/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/881/7/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.0656819417.648046940.0055555555555555566/43 78 85 132 142 148 168 181 220 226-227 319 399 407 448 457 485 493 495-496 550 608 689 709 718 723 728 730 765 767 823 829 865 872 888 894 944 1004 1009 1158 1177 1185 1202 1213 1251-1252 1362 1429 1542 1555 1564 1571 1595 1602 1666 1668 1672 1678 1683-1684 1686 1688 1695 1712 2094 2100 2131 2162 2198 2221 2228 2246 2292 2346 2349 2358 2424 2489 2492 2498 2507 2540 2561 2591 2593 2600 2616 2621 2625-2626 2636 2641 2661 2693 2702 2707 2709 2714 2719 2753-2754 2843 2899 3009 3213 3242-3243 3588 4104-4106 4113 4122-4123 4164 4174 4178 4216 4224 4233 4242 4244 4258 4273 4285 4293 4295 4297 4345-4346 4357 4374 4409 4456 4497 4516 4541 4598 4604 4610 4613 4630 4644 4648 4653 4658 4664 4674 4689 4697 4704 4709 4711 4739 4741 4753 4782 4784 4790 4838 4848 4858 4860 4872 4898 4912 4931 4938 4943 4955 4957-4958 4982 5047 5057 5062 5131 5155 5184 5199 5204 5206 5252 5270 5287 5396 5406 5544 5550 5567 5583-5584 5586 5639 5648 5654-5655 5690 5710 5724 5749 5760 5804 5838 5847 5866 5884 5908 5917-5918 5943-5944 6002 6011 6013 6049 6145 6171 6173-6174 6177 6180 6198 6204 6208 6234 6236 6247 6251 6254 6259 6265 6267 6270 6276 6283 6295 6305-6306 6318 6334 6341 6348-6349 6385 6410 6435 6446 6455 6497 6507 6536 6544 6552 6560 6562 6571 6579-6580 6613 6617 6659 6661 6670 6684-6685 6696 6701 6706 6710 6713 6724 6741 6747 6754 6757 6772 6807 6827 6837 6840 6848 6850 6879 6889 6940 6975 6981-6982 7007 7009 7052 7056 7072 7074 7085 7259 7282 7384 7717 8206 8224 8229 8243 8281 8283-8284 8308 8325 8391 8397 8441 8500 8518 8550 8570 8572 8590 8635 8668-8669 8671 8675 8696 8746 8756 8770 8791 8806 8812-8813 8829 8833 8887 8956 8959 8982 8992 9005 9046 9061 9064 9077 9087 9102 9119 9123 9130 9186 9211 9237 9254 9268 9273 9299 9310 9320 9338 9349 9357 9366 9372-9373 9384 9419 9465 9470 9475 9501 9506 9510 9524 9585 9593 9633 9664 9678 9690 9730 9762-9763 9775 9790 9812 9819 9882 9899 9909 9947 9959 9969 9975 9981 10007 10048 10061 10072 10083 10132 10144 10146 10296 10315 10318 10322 10326 10333 10376 10378-10379 10382 10397 10400 10418 10440 10459 10471 10504 10602 10636 10715 10790 10850 10903 10945 10948 10963 10985 11029 11038 11047 11113 11144-11145 11157 11194 11264 11300 11302-11303 11335 11802 11810 12289 12302 12314 12365 12373 12498 12505 12528 12560 12565-12566 12577 12591 12613 12655 12666 12696-12697 12717 12720-12722 12734 12748 12775 12785 12838 13145 13163 13206 13319 13354 13426 13437 13481 13505 13582 13601 13690 13833 13857 13873 13883 13898 13972 14026 14578 14775 14779 14825 14868 14915 14921 14943 14960 14997 15017 15041 15110 15115 15124 15126 15128 15132 15172 15306 15310 17789 17864-17865 18003 18031 18045 18098 18132 18153 18178 18232 18341 18372 18409 18418 18645 18687 18800 18851 18863 18900 18906 18908 18937 18941 18954 18987 19004 19037-19038 19040 19045 19057 19068 19071 19085 19091 19098-19099 19118 19127 19138 19157 19171 19173 19241 19244 19270 19288 19309 19312 19329-19330 19361 19368 19375 19386 19388 19397 19404 19410 19415 19427 19436 19544 19590 19649 19653 19708 19710 19822 19875 19898 19904-19905 19957 19962 20002 20054 20066 20072 20118 20156 20165 20219 20224 20236 20279 20321 20337 20357 20478 21748 21803-21804 21829 21836 21876 22107 22147 22236 22261 22285 22304 22316 22321 22334 22339 22379 22398-22400 22415 22422 22428 22438 22441 22444 22448 22452 22456 22458-22459 22461 22463 22475 22477 22481-22482 22484 22496-22497 22503 22513 22525 22734 22743 22777 22843 22850 22889 22914 22989 22996 23015 23036 23156-23157 23160 23196 23311 23356 23379 23423 23438 23444 23468 23470 23658 23691 23694 23716 23736 23777 23781 23790-23791 23812-23813 23821 23823 23828 23832 23834 23839 23845 23847 23856 23860 23879 23883 23893 23896 23899 23905 23909 23919 23925 23929 23965 23988 23991 24003 24005 24017 24024-24025 24032 24055 24059 24063-24064 24074 24111 24124 24133 24186 24383 24391 24397 24400 24404 24407 24415 24437-24438 24446 24529 24531-24534 25531 25566 25582 25845 25855 25882 25905 25915 25921 25927 25932 25950 25967 25972 25976 25996 26048 26066 26164 26215 26223 26317 26319 26343 26396 26413 26436-26437 26467 26486 26520 26533 26553 26555 26606 26609 26897 27000 27026 27045 27049 27057 27061 27082 27095 27126 27175 27187 27227 27284 27317 27321 27324 27345 27350 27379 27478 27486-27487 27495 27776 27817 27834 27839 27861 27871 27909 27912-27913 27915 27918 27956 27975 28134 28262 28266 28271 28323 28331 28370 28420 28465 28579 28587 28591 28622 28646 31099 31142 31254-31255 31315 31330 31334 31339 31341 31373 31392 31413 31424 31438 31444 31450 31470 31473 31488 31518 31528 31549-31550 31613 31622 31640 31715 31741 31804 31884 31912 31923 32330 32372 32380 32456 32476 32485-32486 32489 32496 32502 32507 32528 32550 32553 32557 32659 32674 36851 40919 409481.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/881/7?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/881/7/table2Atmospheric parameters and space positions for 892 non-composite spectra hot subdwarf stars selected from Gaia DR2 and LAMOST DR5SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintOrbDisplay the orbital parameters and galactic velocities for this star (link to Table 3)meta.ref.urlcharLAMOSTLAMOST targetmeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryNameTarget name in SIMBADmeta.id.crosscharRA_ICRSBarycentric Right Ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=2000degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRS[-7/60.5] Barycentric Declination (ICRS) at Epoch=2000degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGmag[9.17/18.8] Gaia DR2 G-band mean magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optfloatGBP-GRP[-0.65/0.46] Gaia DR2 (BP-RP) colormagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RfloatAG[0.02/1.3] Estimate of extinction in G bandmagphys.absorption;em.optfloatE(BP-RP)[-0.031/0.64] Estimate of redenning E(BP-RP)magphot.color.excessfloatV-J[-1.7/3.33]? The (V-J) color (1)magphot.color;em.opt.V;em.IR.JfloatnullableJ-H[-1.23/0.93]? The (J-H) color (1)magphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.Hfloatnullableplx[0.03/9.36] Gaia DR2 absolute stellar parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.02/1] Standard error in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatpmRA[-87.4/82.5] Proper motion in RAmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRA[0.03/1.6] Standard error pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-97.6/31.2] Proper motion in DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDE[0.03/1.3] Standard error in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatRVel[-323/293] Radial velocity from LAMOST spectrakm/sspect.dopplerVelocinte_RVel[8/115] Standard error in RVelkm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocintTeff[17/5.3e+6] Stellar effective temperature1000Kphys.temperature.effectivedoublee_Teff[0/5.2] Standard error in Teff1000Kstat.error;phys.temperature.effectivefloatlogg[4.6/6.4] Stellar surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloate_logg[0/0.4] Standard error of Stellar surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)stat.errorfloatlog(y)[-4.3/2.1] Stellar surface He abundance y=n(He)/n (H)log(Sun)phys.abund.Yfloate_log(y)[0/3] Standard error in log (y)log(Sun)stat.errorfloatX[-26.4/5] Galactic position towards Galactic centerkpcpos.distance;pos.galacticfloate_X[0/11] Standard error in Xkpcstat.error;pos.cartesian.xfloatY[-5.2/12] Galactic position along Galactic rotationkpcpos.cartesian.y;pos.galacticfloate_Y[0/5] Standard error of Ykpcstat.error;pos.cartesian.yfloatZ[-6.5/24] Galactic position towards north Galactic polekpcpos.distance;pos.galacticfloate_Z[0/9] Standard error of Zkpcstat.error;pos.galacticfloatGaiaDisplay data from Gaia DR2 (I/345) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/881/7/table3Orbital parameters, galactic velocities for 747 hot subdwarf stars selected from Gaia DR2 and LAMOST DR5e_U[0/180] Standard error in Ukm.sstat.error;pos.cartesian.xintV[-813/323] Galactic rotational velocity along Galactic rotationkm/sphys.veloc.rotat;pos.galacticinte_V[1/257] Standard error in Vkm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.yintW[-257/445] Galactic velocity toward north Galactic polekm/sphys.veloc;pos.galacticinte_W[0/184] Standard error in Wkm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.zintLAMOSTLAMOST targetmeta.id;meta.maincharRap[6.2/4417.1] Apocenter radius (1)kpcphys.size.radiusfloatPopPopulation classification (2)src.classcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameTarget name in SIMBADmeta.id.crosscharRA_ICRSBarycentric right ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=2000degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRS[-6.7/60.5] Barycentric declination (ICRS) at Epoch=2000degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainplx[0.03/7.1] Gaia DR2 absolute stellar parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.03/0.5] Standard error in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatpmRA[-87.4/82.5] Proper motion in RAmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRA[0.03/0.6] Standard error pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-97.6/31.2] Proper motion in DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDE[0.03/0.7] Standard error in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatRVel[-323/293] Radial velocity from LAMOST spectrakm/sspect.dopplerVelocinte_RVel[8/115] Standard error in RVelkm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocintU[-314/440] Galactic radial velocity positive toward Galactic centerkm.sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.galacticinte_Rap[0/1673] Standard error in Rapkpcstat.errorfloatRperi[0.08/34.7] Pericenter radius (1)kpcphys.size.radiusfloate_Rperi[0.01/14] Standard error in Rperikpcstat.errorfloatzmax[0.1/1314] Maximum vertical height (1)kpcpos.cartesian.z;stat.maxdoublee_zmax[0.01/678] Standard error in zmaxkpcstat.errorfloatecc[0/0.98] Eccentricity (1)src.orbital.eccentricityfloate_ecc[0/0.3] Standard error in eccstat.errorfloatJz[-19256/5822] Z-component of angular momentumkpc.km**-1.s**-1phys.angMomentumdoublee_Jz[4.8/4598] Standard error in Jzkpc.km**-1.s**-1stat.errorfloatzn[0.01/53.54] Normalised z-extent of the orbitsrc.orbitalfloate_zn[0/15] Standard error in znstat.errorfloat