J/ApJ/879/105ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/879/105doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18790105CDSLopez-Valdivia R.Mace G.N.Sokal K.R.Hussaini M.Kidder B.T.,Mann A.W.Gosnell N.M.Oh H.Kesseli A.Y.Muirhead P.S.,Johns-Krull C.M.Jaffe D.T.2021-06-18T13:48:34Z2021-01-18T13:36:35ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.freffective-temperatureinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyk-starsHigh-resolution, near-infrared spectra will be the primary tool for finding and characterizing Earth-like planets around low-mass stars. Yet, the properties of exoplanets cannot be precisely determined without accurate and precise measurements of the host star. Spectra obtained with the Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrometer simultaneously provide diagnostics for most stellar parameters, but the first step in any analysis is the determination of the effective temperature. Here we report the calibration of high-resolution H-band spectra to accurately determine the effective temperature for stars between 4000 and 3000K (~K8-M5) using absorption line-depths of FeI, OH, and Al I. The field star sample used here contains 254 K and M stars with temperatures derived using BT-Settl synthetic spectra. We use 106 stars with precise temperatures in the literature to calibrate our method, with typical errors of about 140K, and systematic uncertainties less than ~120K. For the broadest applicability, we present Teff-line-depth-ratio relationships, which we test on 12 members of the TW Hydrae Association and at spectral resolving powers between ~10000 and 120000. These ratios offer a simple but accurate measure of effective temperatures in cool stars that are distance and reddening independent.2019ApJ...879..105Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/879/105CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVI/39 : Model Atmospheres (Kurucz, 1979)III/119 : Spectral classifications of proper motion stars (Bidelman+ 1985)III/123 : Dwarf K and M stars of small proper motion (Stephenson 1986)III/150 : Perkins Revised MK Types for the Cooler Stars (Keenan+ 1989)III/182 : HDE Charts: positions, proper motions (Nesterov+ 1995)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)III/266 : Revised First Byurakan Survey of late-type stars (Gigoyan+ 2012)II/336 : AAVSO Photometric All Sky Survey (APASS) DR9 (Henden+, 2016)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/A+A/390/491 : DENIS new nearby stars (Reyle+, 2002)J/AJ/126/2048 : NStars project: the Northern Sample. I. (Gray+, 2003)J/AJ/128/463 : A preliminary 20pc census from NLTT (Reid+, 2004)J/other/ARA+A/42.685 : Young stars near the Sun (Zuckerman+, 2004)J/A+A/442/211 : Spectroscopic distances of 322 NLTT stars (Scholz+, 2005)J/MNRAS/373/13 : Lower MS stars fundamental param. (Casagrande+, 2006)J/A+A/450/735 : Effective temperatures and radii of stars (Masana+, 2006)J/AJ/132/866 : New M dwarfs in solar neighborhood (Riaz+, 2006)J/A+A/460/695 : Search for Assoc. Containing Young stars (Torres+, 2006)J/MNRAS/374/664 : Atmospheric parameters in MILES library (Cenarro+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2825 : Star beyond the NLTT catalog (Reid+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2258 : Activity and kinematics of ultracool dwarfs (Schmidt+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2524 : Spectra of young nearby stars (White+, 2007)J/MNRAS/389/585 : Fundamental parameters of M dwarfs (Casagrande+, 2008)J/A+A/487/373 : Spectroscopic param. of 451 HARPS-GTO stars (Sousa+, 2008)J/A+A/504/981 : Proper motions of cool stars in Upper Sco OB (Bouy+, 2009)J/ApJ/699/649 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. I. (Shkolnik+, 2009)J/A+A/512/A54 : Teff and Fbol from Infrared Flux Method (Casagrande+, 2010)J/MNRAS/403/1949 : UBV(RcIc)JHK photometry of HIP nearby stars (Koen+, 2010)J/A+A/531/A165 : MILES atmospheric parameters (Prugniel+, 2011)J/A+A/533/A141 : Stellar parameters for 582 HARPS FGK stars (Sousa+, 2011)J/A+A/546/A27 : Radial velocity and photometry for GJ3470 (Bonfils+, 2012)J/ApJ/757/112 : Stellar diameters. II. K and M-stars (Boyajian+, 2012)J/A+A/546/A14 : Limb-darkening for CoRoT, Kepler, Spitzer (Claret+, 2012)J/ApJ/748/93 : K-band spectra for 133 nearby M dwarfs (Rojas-Ayala+, 2012)J/AJ/143/80 : Low-mass members of {beta}Pic & AB DOR (Schlieder+, 2012)J/AJ/145/102 : Spec. of bright M dwarfs in the northern sky (Lepine+, 2013)J/AJ/145/52 : Abund. of late K & M dwarfs in binary systems (Mann+, 2013)J/ApJ/779/188 : Spectra of nearby late K and M Kepler stars (Mann+, 2013)J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors & temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)J/A+A/556/A15 : Effective temperature scale of M dwarfs (Rajpurohit+, 2013)J/A+A/556/A150 : SWEETCat I. Stellar param. for host stars (Santos+, 2013)J/A+A/555/A150 : Physical param. of cool solar-type stars (Tsantaki+, 2013)J/ApJ/786/97 : Photospheric properties of T Tauri stars (Herczeg+, 2014)J/AJ/147/146 : Spectroscopy of Tuc-Hor candidate members (Kraus+, 2014)J/AJ/147/20 : Spectroscopy of 447 nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2014)J/A+A/577/A128 : CARMENES input cat. of M dwarfs. I (Alonso-Floriano+, 2015)J/ApJS/216/7 : Planets Around Low-Mass Stars (PALMS). IV. (Bowler+, 2015)J/AJ/149/131 : Param. of galactic nearby main-sequence stars (Eker+, 2015)J/ApJ/810/158 : M,L,T dwarfs fundamental param. and SEDs (Filippazzo+, 2015)J/ApJS/219/33 : BANYAN. VII. Candidate YMG members from BASS (Gagne+, 2015)J/ApJ/804/64 : Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs (Mann+, 2015)J/ApJ/800/85 : Teff, radii and luminosities of cool dwarfs (Newton+, 2015)J/ApJ/802/L10 : M dwarf SpeX NIR spectroscopy (Terrien+, 2015)J/ApJ/812/3 : MEarth mid-to-late M dwarfs rot. & kinematics (West+, 2015)J/AJ/151/144 : ASPCAP weights for APOGEE chemical elements (Garcia+, 2016)J/A+A/592/A70 : Gaia FGK stars: low-metallicities cand. (Hawkins+, 2016)J/A+A/585/A64 : New atmospheric param. of MILES cool stars (Sharma+, 2016)J/ApJ/851/26 : Teff, metallicity & Ti abund. of M dwarfs (Veyette+, 2017)J/AJ/155/225 : M dwarf stars rot. broadening measurements (Kesseli+, 2018)J/ApJS/238/29 : IGRINS spectral library (Park+, 2018)J/A+A/615/A6 : Photospheric parameters of CARMENES stars (Passegger+, 2018)J/A+A/620/A180 : Stellar properties of M dwarfs (Rajpurohit+, 2018)J/other/Nat/563.365 : Barnard's star radial velocity curve (Ribas+, 2018)J/ApJ/871/63 : How to constrain your M dwarf. II. Nearby bin. (Mann+, 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/879/105https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/879/105http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/879/105https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/879/105https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/879/105http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/879/105GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/879/105/table1 (Basic information as well as our results for our sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/879/105/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/879/105/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/879/105/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true331.5401178-7.39322330.0055555555555555566/4 22 78 129 250 265 272 323 340 357 636 684 722 804 815 824 910 940 1033 1037 1096 1245 1456 1762 1788 1911 2058 2512 2622 2737 2782 2942 2978 3118 3163 3659 4060 4128 4299 4444 4468 4591 4881 5009 5207 5224 5304 5346 5387 5420 5428 5435 5534 5590 5659 5722 5853 5948 5998 6066 6340 6346 6662 6934 6974 7264 7329 7354 7753 7797 7810 7816 8058 8219 8357 8440 8814 8861 8887 9384 9801 9888 10149 10156 10203 10225 10381 10771 10982 10984 11425 11546 11636 11806 11919 11962 12454 12507 12616 12856 12890 13301 13355 13743 13766 13938 13960 14278 14539 14709 14781 15311 15346 15355 15602 16041 17186 17288 17314 17617 17816 17870 18122 18161 18450 18496 18617 18726 18743 19064 19163 19228 19291 19323 19726 19777 19778 19886 19912 20051 20064 20071 20074 20163 20402 20896 21519 21691 21884 22014 22040 22172 22277 22289 22309 22683 22709 22878 22903 23094 23132 23213 23286 23313 23316 23478 23531 23535 23537 23564 23575 23738 23895 24205 24227 24297 24362 24450 24843 24949 25113 25546 25880 25889 26002 26015 26055 26181 26279 26327 26555 26583 26594 26792 26927 26972 26991 27201 27392 27459 27462 27594 27730 27762 27792 27802 28058 28343 28417 28486 28548 29158 29756 29958 30327 30505 30833 31014 31087 31148 31226 31397 31781 32115 32329 32335 32491 32500 33003 35531 36308 40679 40801 42314 43677 44226 44360 44400 44793 44884 44921 46383 46566 46922 48926 491461.5062136169708525e-19 1.7003137259100215e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/879/105?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/879/105/table1Basic information as well as our results for our sampleSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharl_vsiniLimit flag on vsinimeta.code.error;phys.veloc.rotatcharJmag[3.8/12.5]? 2MASS J band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSpTSpectral typesrc.spTypecharr_SpT[1/50] Simbad reference for SpT (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;pos.frameintrmag[6.6/16.3]? APASS r band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatnullableT(r-J)[2801/4594]? The (r-J) color temperatureKphys.temperatureintnullablevsini[7/53]? Rotational velocitykm/sphys.veloc.rotatintnullableLD(Fe)[0.014/0.41]? Line-depth of Fephot.flux.density;arith.ratiofloatnullablee_LD(Fe)[0.001/0.2]? Error in LD(Fe)stat.errorfloatnullableLD(OH)[0/0.3]? Line-depth of OHphot.flux.density;arith.ratiofloatnullablee_LD(OH)[0.001/0.2]? Error in LD(OH)stat.errorfloatnullableLD(peak)[-0.11/-0.013]? Line-depth of peakphot.flux.density;arith.ratiofloatnullablee_LD(peak)[0.001/0.02]? Error in LD(peak)stat.errorfloatnullableLD(Al)[0.051/0.46]? Line-depth of Alphot.flux.density;arith.ratiofloatnullablee_LD(Al)[0.001/0.02]? Error in LD(Al)stat.errorfloatnullablef_Tspec[1/4] Region from temperature was computed (1)meta.codeintTspec[2850/4440] Final temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_Tspec[90/140] Error in Tspec (2)Kstat.errorint2MDisplay the 2MASS data (II/246) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharAPASSDisplay the APASS DR9 data (II/336) within 3"meta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableJ/ApJ/879/105/refsReferencesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference codemeta.noteintBibCodeBibcode of the referencemeta.bib.bibcodecharAuthAuthor's name(s)meta.bib.authorcharCommCommentmeta.notechar