J/ApJ/874/43ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/874/43doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18740043CDSLister M.L.Homan D.C.Hovatta T.Kellermann K.I.Kiehlmann S.,Kovalev Y.Y.Max-Moerbeck W.Pushkarev A.B.Readhead A.C.S.Ros E.,Savolainen T.2023-05-17T07:20:43Z2020-10-19T16:31:21ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fractive-galactic-nucleibl-lacertae-objectsradio-galaxiesquasarsradio-continuum-emissionredshiftedWe present results from a parsec-scale jet kinematics study of 409 bright radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) based on 15GHz Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) data obtained between 1994 August 31 and 2016 December 26 as part of the 2cm VLBA survey and Monitoring Of Jets in Active galactic nuclei with VLBA Experiments (MOJAVE) programs. We tracked 1744 individual bright features in 382 jets over at least 5 epochs. A majority (59%) of the best-sampled jet features showed evidence of accelerated motion at the >3{sigma} level. Although most features within a jet typically have speeds within ~40% of a characteristic median value, we identified 55 features in 42 jets that had unusually slow pattern speeds, nearly all of which lie within 4pc (100pc deprojected) of the core feature. Our results, combined with other speeds from the literature, indicate a strong correlation between apparent jet speed and synchrotron peak frequency, with the highest jet speeds being found only in low-peaked AGNs. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we find best-fit parent population parameters for a complete sample of 174 quasars above 1.5Jy at 15GHz. Acceptable fits are found with a jet population that has a simple unbeamed power-law luminosity function incorporating pure luminosity evolution and a power-law Lorentz factor distribution ranging from 1.25 to 50 with slope -1.4+/-0.2. The parent jets of the brightest radio quasars have a space density of 261+/-19Gpc^-3^ and unbeamed 15GHz luminosities above ~10^24.5^W/Hz, consistent with FRII class radio galaxies.2019ApJ...874...43Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/874/43CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/249 : 6dF-DR2 Galaxy Survey (Jones+, 2005)VII/260 : The SDSS-DR7 quasar catalog (Schneider+, 2010)VII/279 : SDSS quasar catalog: twelfth data release (Paris+, 2017)J/ApJ/430/467 : Superluminal motions for extragal. sources (Vermeulen+, 1994)J/AJ/130/1389 : Linear polarization of AGN jets at 15GHz (Lister+, 2005)J/ApJ/626/95 : Gamma-ray blazar candidates (Sowards-Emmerd+, 2005)J/A+A/445/441 : SED of BL Lacertae objects (Nieppola+, 2006)J/A+A/488/867 : Synchrotron peak frequency of 135 AGN (Nieppola+, 2008)J/ApJ/706/1253 : MOJAVE VII. Blazar jet acceleration (Homan+, 2009)J/AJ/137/3718 : 15GHz monitoring of AGN jets with VLBA (Lister+, 2009)J/AJ/138/1874 : MOJAVE. VI. Kinematic analysis of blazar jets (Lister+, 2009)J/ApJ/743/171 : The 2LAC catalog (Ackermann+, 2011)J/ApJ/742/27 : 15GHz and jet properties of MOJAVE blazars (Lister+, 2011)J/ApJ/740/98 : Synchroton peak for blazars and radio galaxies (Meyer+, 2011)J/ApJS/194/29 : Observations of blazars at 15GHz (Richards+, 2011)J/ApJ/756/116 : FR II radio galaxies from MaxBCG (Antognini+, 2012)J/ApJ/748/49 : Optical spectroscopy of 1LAC broad-line blazars (Shaw+, 2012)J/AJ/146/120 : MOJAVE. X. Parsec-scale kinematics of AGNs (Lister+, 2013)J/ApJ/764/135 : Spectroscopic redshifts of BL Lac objects (Shaw+, 2013)J/MNRAS/445/955 : Radio-AGN feedback for 0.5<z<1 (Best+, 2014)J/AJ/147/143 : MOJAVE. XI. Spectral distributions (Hovatta+, 2014)J/ApJ/810/14 : Third catalog of LAT-detected AGNs (3LAC) (Ackermann+, 2015)J/ApJ/798/134 : MOJAVE. XII. Acceleration of blazar jets (Homan+, 2015)J/MNRAS/450/3568 : Non-Fermi blazar sample (Xiong+, 2015)J/AJ/152/12 : MOJAVE. XIII. New 15GHz obs. on 1994-2013 (Lister+, 2016)J/ApJS/232/18 : The third Fermi-LAT >10GeV catalog (3FHL) (Ajello+, 2017)J/A+A/598/A17 : The 2WHSP catalog (Chang+, 2017)J/ApJ/846/98 : Jet kinematics of blazars at 43GHz with VLBA (Jorstad+, 2017)J/ApJ/842/87 : Radio luminosity function of FSRQs (Mao+, 2017)J/MNRAS/468/4992 : MOJAVE XIV. AGN jets (Pushkarev+, 2017)J/ApJ/866/137 : Bright blazars variability brightness temp. (Liodakis+, 2018)J/ApJS/234/12 : MOJAVE XV. 15GHz obs. of AGN jets 1996-2016 (Lister+, 2018)J/ApJ/853/68 : Multi-epoch VLBA imaging of 20 Tev blazars (Piner+, 2018)http://www.cv.nrao.edu/MOJAVE/ : MOJAVE program homepagehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/874/43https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/874/43http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/874/43https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/874/43https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/874/43http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/874/43GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/874/43/table1 (AGN properties)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/43/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/43/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/43/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.488230838.33754140.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/874/43/table2 (*MOJAVE 1.5Jy quarter century AGN properties)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/43/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/43/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/43/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.5578869-6.39314860.0055555555555555566/18 60 110 438 514 532 556 579 674 700 893 911 968 1085 1154 1263 1342 1450 1509 1546 1622 1700-1702 1782 2122 2140 2143 2214 2228 2280 2397 2414 2600 2631 2710 2721 2836 2844 3017 3024 3096 3309 3492 3675 3712 3784 3820 3876 3882 3886 3951 3971 4054 4080 4285 4572 4695 4770 4820 4865 4964 5139 5154 5353 5423 5448 5458 5546 5597 5693 5767 5817 5848 6018 6088 6164 6252 6368 6496 6507 6548 6641 6647 6751 6777 6815 6822 6853 6888 6948 6963 6984 6996 7004 7045 7091 7129 7181 7226 7235 7371 7389 7446 7548 7570 7623 7653 7896 7969 8031 8123 8177 8199 8220 8299 8466 8487 8515 8615 8699 8717 8915 9003 9075 9204 9248 9347 9442 9460 9545 9570 9612 9629 9632-9633 9676 9688 9711 9714 9723 9998 10006 10163 10249-10250 10352 10422 10548 10681 10921 11045 11153 11212 11242 11430 11522 11631 11639-11640 11649 11715 11845 12047 12241 12301 12323 12352 12444 12466 12475 12580 12604 12619 12625 13156 13230 13320 13352-13353 13410 13485 13496 13572 13582 13693 13729 13820 13927 14338 14520 14608 14641 14737 14744 14797 14842 14854 15023 15067 15147 15211 15286 15373 15490 15494 15916 15936 15969 16027 16049 16059 16093 16247 16281 16298 16301 16355 16720 16962 17184 17186 17215 17351 17364 17414 17516 17541 17579 17734 17857 17909 17917 17927 18002 18005 18035 18037 18158 18214 18253 18378 18457 18506 18624 18661 18669 18718 18907 19088 19101 19177 19190 19271 19370 19373 19398 19487 19523 19567 19593 19622 19831 19878 20099 20224 20468 20657 20836 20888 20920 20929 20935 21121 21266 21358 21437 21564 21574 21758 21768 21873 21924 21935 21960 21968 21972 22047 22271 22363 22375 22396 22501 22658 22894 22917 22950 23015 23099 23121 23127 23306 23323 23416 23691 23786 23882 23897 24084 24123 24260 24444 24571 24775 24828 24845 25016 25036 25196 25255 25302 25409 25501 25503 25630 25649 25742 25818 25864 26083 26115 26131 26292 26303 26340 26363 26491 26550 26614 26898 26900 26966 27060 27124 27138 27144 27243 27310 27417 27423 27433 27765 28083 28117 28225 28315 28339 28454 28479 28492 28517 29016-29017 29218 29570 29620 29675 29714 29772 30446 30928 31190 31211 31391 31399 31430 31451 31559 31599 31656 31663-31664 31773 31894 31930 32034 32311 32660 32764 34675 35706 35786 35801 36058 36090 36151 36188 36554 36602 36785 38763 40060 40344 40434 40479 40527 40730 40762 40766 40811 40874 40885 42901 42980 44147 44247 44526 44730 44805 44899 44908 45011 46963-46964 48023 48123 48595 48610 48798 48846 48965 490719.939104355462015e-24 9.939104355462015e-24https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/874/43?format=asciiRadiodefaultJ/ApJ/874/43/table1AGN propertiesSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNfNumber of fitted jet features (link to Table 3)meta.numberintnullableIDThe B1950 epoch coordinate identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryNaccNumber of acceleration fit data of jet features (link to Table 5)meta.numberintnullableNvmNumber of vector motion fit data of jet features (link to Table 4)meta.numberintnullablef_IDFlag on ID (G1)meta.codecharONameAliasmeta.notecharClOptical classification (1)meta.code.classcharz[0.016/3.3]? Spectroscopic redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatnullablelognu[11.9/17.1]? Log observer frame synchrotron peak frequencylog(Hz)em.freqfloatnullabler_lognuReference code for lognu (G2)meta.ref;pos.framecharmuMax[1.2/2251]? Maximum jet speeduarcsec/yrphys.velocfloatnullableNEDNED column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchare_muMax[1.8/187]? Uncertainty in muMaxuarcsec/yrstat.errorfloatnullablef_muMax[c] Flag on muMax (2)meta.codecharbetaMax[0.03/35]? Maximum jet speed in unit of cphys.velocfloatnullablee_betaMax[0.006/8]? Uncertainty in betaMaxstat.errorfloatnullableRefBibcode for z and/or Optmeta.bib.bibcodecharL11Display data from Lister+, 2011, J/ApJ/742/27, within 3"meta.ref.urlintnullableL13Display data for this object from Paper X. (Lister+, 2013, J/AJ/146/120)meta.ref.urlintnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/874/43/table2*MOJAVE 1.5Jy quarter century AGN propertiesIDThe B1950 epoch coordinate identifiermeta.id;meta.mainchare_betaMax[0.0018/6.2]? Uncertainty in betaMaxstat.errorfloatnullableRefBibcode for z and/or Optmeta.bib.bibcodecharL11Display data from Lister+, 2011, J/ApJ/742/27, within 3"meta.ref.urlintnullableL13Display data for this object from Paper X. (Lister+, 2013, J/AJ/146/120)meta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableNEDNED column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNaccNumber of acceleration fit data of jet features (link to Table 5)meta.numberintnullableNvmNumber of vector motion fit data of jet features (link to Table 4)meta.numberintnullablef_IDFlag on ID (G1)meta.codecharONameAlias (1)meta.notecharClOptical classification (2)meta.code.classcharz[0.004/3.4]? Spectroscopic redshiftsrc.redshiftdoublenullableSmax[1.5/42.3] Maximum 15GHz VLBA flux density between 1994.0 and 2019.0Jyphot.flux.density;em.radio.12-30GHzfloatlognu[11.8/15]? log observer frame synchrotron peak frequencylog(Hz)em.freqfloatnullabler_lognuReference code for lognu (G2)meta.ref;pos.framecharmuMax[2/2861]? Maximum jet speeduarcsec/yrphys.velocfloatnullablee_muMax[0.9/191]? Uncertainty in muMaxuarcsec/yrstat.errorfloatnullablef_muMax[c] Flag on muMax (3)meta.codecharbetaMax[0.019/41.5]? Maximum jet speed in unit of cphys.velocfloatnullableJ/ApJ/874/43/table3Fitted jet featuresrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSet1 for AGN from Table 1, or 2 for AGN from Table 2 (MOJAVE 1.5Jy quarter century AGN sample)meta.codecharf_F[a] Flag on F (G3)meta.codecharIDThe B1950 epoch coordinate identifiermeta.id.part;meta.maincharF[0/67] Feature identification number (1)meta.id.part;meta.mainintObs[1994/2016] Year of the observationtime.epochindexedI[0.5/28698]? Flux density at 15GHzmJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.12-30GHzfloatnullabler[0.01/67]? Position offset (2)maspos;arith.difffloatnullablePA? Position angle (2)degpos.posAngfloatnullableMajAxis[0.01/16.6]? FWHM major axis (3)masphys.angSizefloatnullableRatio[0/1]? Axial ratio (3)phys.size.axisRatiofloatnullableMajPA[0/360]? Major axis position angle (3)degpos.posAngintnullableT?Robust feature flag; (Y)es or (N)ometa.codecharJ/ApJ/874/43/table4Vector motion fit properties of jet featuresf_pmFlag on pm (3)meta.codechare_beta[0.0006/25]? Uncertainty in betastat.errordoublenullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSet1 for AGN from Table 1, or 2 for AGN from Table 2 (MOJAVE 1.5Jy quarter century AGN sample)meta.codecharIDThe B1950 epoch coordinate identifiermeta.id.part;meta.maincharF[1/67] Feature identification numbermeta.id.part;meta.mainintf_F[a] Flag on F (G3)meta.codecharNum[5/151] Number of fitted epochesmeta.numberintSavg[1/6994] Mean flux density at 15GHzmJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.12-30GHzintRavg[0.09/66.1] Mean distance from core featuremaspos.angDistance;stat.meanfloatdproj[0.03/330.1]? Mean projected distance from core featurepcpos.distance;stat.meanfloatnullabletheta[0.0/359.3] Mean position angle with respect to the core featuredegpos.posAng;stat.meanfloatphiPosition angle of velocity vectordegpos.posAngfloate_phi[0.3/125] Uncertainty in phidegstat.errorfloatf_phiFlag on phi (1)meta.codecharDiff[0/180] Offset between <theta> and phidegpos.posAng;arith.difffloate_Diff[0.36/125] Uncertainty in Diffdegstat.errorfloatf_DiffFlag on Diff (2)meta.codecharpm[0.5/2861] Proper motionuarcsec/yrpos.pmfloate_pm[0.35/331] Uncertainty in pmuarcsec/yrstat.errorfloatbeta[0.00062/41.5]? Apparent speed in unit of cphys.velocdoublenullabletej[1945.2/2016.3]? Estimated epoch of originyrmeta.ref;time.epochdoublenullablee_tej[0.014/13]? Uncertainty in tejyrstat.errorfloatnullabletmid[1996.1/2016.7] Date of reference (middle) epoch used for fityrtime.epochfloatalpham[-30321/25434] Fitted RA position (4)uarcsecpos.eq.ra;arith.diffdoublee_alpham[1.1/369] Uncertainty in alphamuarcsecstat.errorfloatdeltam[-66070/24158] Fitted DE position (4)uarcsecpos.eq.dec;arith.diffdoublee_deltam[0.94/316] Uncertainty in deltamuarcsecstat.errorfloatJ/ApJ/874/43/table5Acceleration fit properties of jet featuresf_F[a] Flag on F (1)meta.codecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSet1 for AGN from Table 1, or 2 for AGN from Table 2 (MOJAVE 1.5Jy quarter century AGN sample)meta.codecharIDThe B1950 epoch coordinate identifiermeta.id.part;meta.maincharF[1/67] Feature identification numbermeta.id.part;meta.mainintphi[-0.25/359] Proper motion position angledegpos.posAng;pos.pmfloate_phi[0.28/123] Uncertainty in phidegstat.errorfloatf_phiFlag on phi (2)meta.codecharDiff[0/180] Offset between <theta> and phidegpos.posAng;arith.difffloate_Diff[0.3/123] Uncertainty in Diffdegstat.errorfloatf_DiffFlag on Diff (3)meta.codecharpm[1.2/2879] Proper motionuarcsec/yrpos.pmfloate_pm[0.35/234] Uncertainty in pmuarcsec/yrstat.errorfloatbeta[0.00063/37.8]? Apparent speed in units of cphys.velocdoublenullablee_beta[0.0006/4]? Uncertainty in betastat.errordoublenullabledotmu[0.4/2681] Accelerationuarcsec.yr**-2phys.accelerationfloate_dotmu[0.12/1755] Uncertainty in dotmuuarcsec.yr**-2stat.errorfloatpsiAcceleration vector position angledegpos.posAngfloate_psi[2/131] Uncertainty in psidegstat.errorfloatdotmuPerp[-1246/2046] Acceleration perpendicular to velocity directionuarcsec.yr**-2phys.accelerationdoublee_dotmuPerp[0.12/1063] Uncertainty in dotmuPerpuarcsec.yr**-2stat.errorfloatdotmuPl[-1343/2374] Acceleration parallel to velocity directionuarcsec.yr**-2phys.accelerationdoublee_dotmuPl[0.13/1693] Uncertainty in dotmuPluarcsec.yr**-2stat.errorfloatalpham[-20426/16876] Fitted RA positionuarcsecpos.eq.ra;arith.diffdoublee_alpham[3.3/431] Uncertainty in alphamuarcsecstat.errorfloatdeltam[-66234/24153] Fitted DE positionuarcsecpos.eq.dec;arith.diffdoublee_deltam[3/308] Uncertainty in deltamuarcsecstat.errorfloat