J/ApJ/871/151ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/871/151doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18710151CDSRoman-Duval J.Jenkins E.B.Williams B.Tchernyshyov K.Gordon K.,Meixner M.Hagen L.Peek J.Sandstrom K.Werk J.Merica-Jones P.Y.2020-08-20T08:16:00Z2020-03-09T13:17:01ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frchemical-abundancesinfrared-sourcesinterstellar-mediummagellanic-cloudsinterstellar-reddeningob-starsspectroscopyultraviolet-astronomystellar-spectral-typesMetal Evolution, Transport, and Abundance in the Large Magellanic Cloud (METAL) is a large cycle 24 program on the Hubble Space Telescope aimed at measuring dust extinction properties and interstellar depletions in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) at half-solar metallicity. The 101-orbit program is composed of Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) and Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) spectroscopy toward 33 LMC massive stars between 1150 and 3180{AA} and parallel Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) imaging in seven near-UV to near-IR filters. The fraction of silicon in the gas phase (depletion) obtained from the spectroscopy decreases with increasing hydrogen column density. Depletion patterns for silicon differ between the Milky Way, LMC, and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), with the silicon depletion level offsetting almost exactly the metallicity differences, leading to constant gas-phase abundances in those galaxies for a given hydrogen column density. The silicon depletion correlates linearly with the absolute-to-selective extinction, RV, indicating a link between gas depletion and dust grain size. Extinction maps are derived from the resolved stellar photometry in the parallel imaging, which can be compared to far-IR images from Herschel and Spitzer to estimate the emissivity of dust at LMC metallicity. The full METAL sample of depletions, UV extinction curves, and extinction maps will inform the abundance, size, composition, and optical properties of dust grains in the LMC, comprehensively improve our understanding of dust properties, and improve the accuracy with which dust-based gas masses, star formation rates, and star formation histories in nearby and high-redshift galaxies are estimated. This overview paper describes the goals, design, data reduction, and initial results of the METAL survey.2019ApJ...871..151Rhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/871/151CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/hst : HST Archived Exposures Catalog (STScI, 2007)J/ApJS/93/211 : IUE survey of H I Ly{alpha} absorption. I. (Diplas+ 1994)J/AJ/117/2244 : HST color-magnitude diagrams of the LMC (Olsen, 1999)J/ApJS/147/61 : Interstellar Ca I absorption (Welty+, 2003)J/A+A/421/937 : Metal abundances of LMC RR Lyrae (Gratton+, 2004)J/MNRAS/357/645 : LMC far-UV HST observations (Almoznino+, 2005)J/AJ/132/2268 : SAGE calibration stars (Meixner+, 2006)J/ApJ/700/1299 : Gas-phase element depletions in the ISM (Jenkins, 2009)J/ApJ/702/940 : Radio and UV spectra of HVC toward the MC (Lehner+, 2009)J/ApJS/197/16 : CO obs. of LMC molecular clouds (MAGMA). (Wong+, 2011)J/ApJ/755/89 : Metallicities of damped Ly{alpha} systems (Rafelski+, 2012)J/ApJ/753/71 : Mass-loss return from LMC evolved stars. VI. (Riebel+, 2012)J/ApJ/745/173 : UV absorption sight lines of LMC and SMC (Welty+, 2012)J/AJ/146/62 : HERschel HERITAGE in Magellanic Clouds (Meixner+, 2013)J/ApJS/215/9 : PHAT X. UV-IR photometry of M31 stars (Williams+, 2014)J/A+A/578/A46 : Evolution of galaxy clusters metal abundance (Ettori+, 2015)J/ApJ/811/78 : Elemental depletions Magellanic Clouds (Tchernyshyov+, 2015)J/ApJ/822/105 : Chemical evolution in the SMC (Acharyya+, 2016)J/MNRAS/458/4074 : UVES Advanced Data Products Quasar Sample.VI. (Quiret+,2016)J/MNRAS/457/2814 : SAGE SMC evolved stars candidates (Srinivasan+, 2016)J/A+A/606/A50 : Fe-rich silicate analogues mass absorption coeff. (Demyk+,2017)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/871/151https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/871/151http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/871/151https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/871/151https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/871/151http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/871/151GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/871/151/table9 (Parameters of the parallel wild field camera 3 (WFC3) imaging)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/table9?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/table9?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/table9?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true75.37922387404-65.788319746410.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/871/151/targets (Stellar and interstellar parameters of the spectroscopic targets (tables 1 and 2))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/targets?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/targets?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/targets?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true71.76854583-67.114755560.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/871/151/table4 (*Silicon gas-phase column densities and depletions from Metal Evolution, Transport, and Abundance (METAL))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true71.7685456-67.11475530.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/871/151/table5 (Local standard of rest (LSR) velocities of the intermediate-velocity cloud (IVC) and high velocity cloud (HVC))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true71.76854706-67.114753720.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/871/151/table10 (Photometric depth for the WFC3 observations)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/table10?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/table10?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/151/table10?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true72.67523149231-67.738750042110.0055555555555555566/33047 33053 33054 33092 33094 33095 33097 33099 33100 33101 33102 33106 33112 33116 33120 33122 33123 33126 33127 33128https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/871/151?format=asciiUVInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/871/151/table9Parameters of the parallel wild field camera 3 (WFC3) imagingRootRootmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNamePrimary Targetmeta.idcharRAJ2000[71/88] Field center right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-72/-65] Field center declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainPA[9/359] Position angle of observationdegpos.posAng;obsdoubleDetDetector used ("IR" or "UVIS")instr.setup;instr.detcharFiltFilter used (F110W, F160W, F225W, F336W, F475W, F814W)instr.setup;instr.filtercharExp[120/2215] Exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposuredoublePF[1.6/4.3]? Post-Flash timestime;arith.difffloatnullableJ/ApJ/871/151/targetsStellar and interstellar parameters of the spectroscopic targets (tables 1 and 2)NameTarget namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintVelDisplay more velocity data for this star (link to Tables 4 and 5)meta.ref.urlcharNpNumber of parameters of the parallel WFC3 imaging (link to Table 9)meta.numberintnullableNdNumber of photometric depth measurements for this target (link to Table 10)meta.numberintnullableRAJ2000[4/5] Hour of right ascension (J2000) (G1)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000) (G1)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainSpTypeSpectral type of massive star targetsrc.spTypecharvsini[0/296]? Rotational velocity (v*sin(i)) of targetkm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatnullableVmag[10/14] V-band magnitude of target from Welty+ (2012, J/ApJ/745/173)magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatE(B-V)[0.08/0.4]? Reddeningmagphot.color.excessfloatnullablelogNHI-LMC[19/22] HI column density, LMC gas, log (1)log(cm**-2)phys.columnDensityfloate_logNHI-LMC[0.02/0.68]? Uncertainty in logNHI-LMClog(cm**-2)stat.errorfloatnullablelogNH2[13.9/21] H2 column density (2)log(cm**-2)phys.columnDensityfloatlogNHI-MW[18/22]? HI column density, MW gas, log (1)log(cm**-2)phys.columnDensityfloatnullablee_logNHI-MW[0.01/1.4]? Uncertainty in logNHI-MWlog(cm**-2)stat.errorfloatnullableShellNearby HI shell ? y=yes or n=nometa.codecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/871/151/table4*Silicon gas-phase column densities and depletions from Metal Evolution, Transport, and Abundance (METAL)l_dSiLimit flag for dSimeta.code.errorcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameTarget namemeta.id;meta.maincharSetSource code (E230H, E230M or "adopted") (1)instr.setupcharlogNH[19/22] Total hydrogen column density, log (2)log(cm**-2)phys.columnDensityfloate_logNH[0.02/0.68] Uncertainty in logNHlog(cm**-2)stat.errorfloatVmin[180/240]? Heliocentric velocity range, minimumkm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.heliocentric;stat.minintnullableVmax[270/370]? Heliocentric velocity range, maximumkm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.heliocentric;stat.maxintnullableEW[63.9/387.1]? Equivalent width, SiII, (m{AA})0.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablee_EW[6.2/58]? Uncertainty in EW0.1pmstat.error;spect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablel_logNSiIILimit flag for logNSiIImeta.code.errorcharlogNSiII[15.07/16.15] SiII column densitylog(cm**-2)phys.columnDensityfloate_logNSiII[0.02/0.21]? Uncertainty in logNSiIIlog(cm**-2)stat.errorfloatnullabledSi[-1.31/0.15]? Si depletion (3)phys.abundfloatnullablee_dSi[0.06/0.69]? Uncertainty in dSi (3)stat.errorfloatnullable_RAPosition from Simbad (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from Simbad (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/871/151/table5Local standard of rest (LSR) velocities of the intermediate-velocity cloud (IVC) and high velocity cloud (HVC)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameTarget namemeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000[71/88] Right ascension (J2000) (G1)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-72/-65] Declination (J2000) (G1)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainVLSR-MW[0/5] Local Standard of rest velocity, attributed to MWkm/sphys.veloc;pos.lsrintVLSR-IVC[50/95] Local standard of rest velocity, attributed to IVCkm/sphys.veloc;pos.lsrintVLSR-HVC[0/184] Local standard of rest velocity, attributed to HVCkm/sphys.veloc;pos.lsrintVLSR-LMC[220/305] Local standard of rest velocity, attributed to LMCkm/sphys.veloc;pos.lsrintJ/ApJ/871/151/table10Photometric depth for the WFC3 observationsExp[120/2215] Total exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposuredoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNamePrimary Targetmeta.idcharFieldField Nameobs.fieldcharRAJ2000[71/88] Field center right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-72/-65] Field center declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainFiltFilter used (F110W, F160W, F225W, F336W, F475W, F814W)instr.setup;instr.filtercharDepth[23.4/27.6] Depth, Vega magnitudes (1)magphot.magfloat