J/ApJ/870/9ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/870/9doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18700009CDSFouesneau M.Rix H.-W.Von Hippel T.Hogg D.W.Tian H.2022-08-10T14:42:11Z2020-09-08T16:33:08ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starswhite-dwarf-starsstellar-agesstellar-massesmetallicityinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomyWide-band photometryproper-motionstrigonometric-parallaxObservational tests of stellar and Galactic chemical evolution call for the joint knowledge of a star's physical parameters, detailed element abundances, and precise age. For cool main-sequence (MS) stars the abundances of many elements can be measured from spectroscopy, but ages are very hard to determine. The situation is different if the MS star has a white dwarf (WD) companion and a known distance, as the age of such a binary system can then be determined precisely from the photometric properties of the cooling WD. As a pilot study for obtaining precise age determinations of field MS stars, we identify nearly 100 candidates for such wide binary systems: a faint WD whose Gaia-PS1-SDSS (GPS1) proper motion (Tian+ 2017, I/343) matches that of a brighter MS star in Gaia/TGAS (Gaia Collaboration 2016, I/337) with a good parallax ({sigma}_{rho}_/{rho}=<0.05). We model the WD's multi-band photometry with the BASE-9 code using this precise distance (assumed to be common for the pair) and infer ages for each binary system. The resulting age estimates are precise to =<10% (=<20%) for 42 (67) MS-WD systems. Our analysis more than doubles the number of MS-WD systems with precise distances known to date, and it boosts the number of such systems with precise age determination by an order of magnitude. With the advent of the Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018, I/345) data, this approach will be applicable to a far larger sample, providing ages for many MS stars (that can yield detailed abundances for over 20 elements), especially in the age range of 2-8Gyr, where there are only few known star clusters.2019ApJ...870....9Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/870/9CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)II/349 : The Pan-STARRS release 1 (PS1) Survey - DR1 (Chambers+, 2016)I/343 : Gaia-PS1-SDSS (GPS1) proper motion catalog (Tian+, 2017)J/ApJS/133/413 : BVRIJHK photometry of cool white dwarfs (Bergeron+, 2001)J/A+A/452/179 : Ages of SMC young clusters and field stars (Chiosi+, 2006)J/other/A+ARV/18.67 : Accurate masses and radii of normal stars (Torres+, 2010)J/MNRAS/433/3398 : White dwarf main-sequence binaries (Rebassa-Mansergas+,2013)J/ApJ/780/159 : Mass-age relations of old field stars (Epstein+,2014)J/ApJS/210/1 : Asteroseismic study of solar-type stars (Chaplin+, 2014)J/MNRAS/465/2849 : GaiaDR1 mass-radius relation white dwarfs (Tremblay+2017)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/870/9https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/870/9http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/870/9https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/870/9https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/870/9http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/870/9GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/870/9/table1 (Photometric and astrometric data of the white dwarf (WD) candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/870/9/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/870/9/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/870/9/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true346.80236468568249.308165806386910.0055555555555555566/477 1216 1740 1968 2402 3595 4838 4917 5184 5455 5886 6032 6604 6833 7357 7492 7510 8324 8659 9109 9483 10027 10031 10359 10395 11031 11305 13327 13597 13700 13714 13741 14146 14257 14358 14494 14723 14860 15092 15227 15627 16053 16603 16675 17748 17881 19119 19312 19616 19629 20461 20738 21049 21055 22289 22402 22748 23778 23888 23897 23976 24325 25312 26242 27734 27922 28028 28865 29244 29335 29486 31171 31255 31418 31448 31690 31901 31927 34679 36224 36774 38776 40549 42946 42987 44142 44261 44771 48311 488568.650015785639275e-20 4.670716440110116e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/870/9?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/870/9/table1Photometric and astrometric data of the white dwarf (WD) candidatesSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablee_RAICRS[2e-08/100] Uncertainty in RAdegdegstat.error;pos.eq.radoubleDM-md[2.8/6.2] Posterior median distance modulusmagphot.mag.distModfloate_DM[0.01/0.11] Posterior standard deviation distance modulusmagstat.errorfloatMass-mn[0.8/4.1] Posterior mean WD masssolMassphys.massfloatMass-md[0.7/4.2] Posterior median WD masssolMassphys.massfloate_Mass[0.02/0.42] Posterior standard deviation WD masssolMassstat.error;phys.massfloatcAge-mn[0.04/7.7] Posterior mean WD cooling ageGyrtime.age;stat.meanfloatcAge-md[0.04/7.7] Posterior median WD cooling ageGyrtime.age;stat.medianfloate_cAge[0.007/0.5] Posterior standard deviation WD cooling ageGyrstat.errorfloatpAge-mn[0.1/13] Posterior mean WD precusor's ageGyrtime.age;stat.meanfloatpAge-md[0.1/14] Posterior median WD precusor's ageGyrtime.age;stat.medianfloate_pAge[0.02/3.3] Posterior standard deviation WD precusor's ageGyrstat.errorfloatSep[0.002/0.05] WD/Primary separationdegpos.angDistancedoubleTGASPrimary TGAS DR1 identifier ("Source" from Gaia DR1, 2016, I/337/tgas)meta.id.crossRATdegBarycentric Right Ascension in ICRS from TGASdegpos.eq.rae_RATdeg[0.1/2] TGAS right ascension uncertaintymasstat.errordoubleDETdeg[-29/69] Barycentric Declination in ICRS from TGASdegpos.eq.dece_DETdeg[0.1/2] TGAS declination uncertaintymasstat.errordoubleGLONTGalactic longitude from TGASdegpos.galactic.lonGLATT[-86/85] Galactic latitude from TGASdegpos.galactic.latdoublepmRAT[-169/227] TGAS Proper motion in RA, with cos(DE) applied, ({mu}_{alpha}_^*^)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRAT[0.03/7.8] TGAS Standard error of pmRamas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.radoublepmDET[-199/178] TGAS Proper motion in DE, ({mu}_{delta}_)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDET[0.01/5.5] TGAS Standard error of pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublePlx[5.3/26] Gaia DR1 Parallax, Primarymaspos.parallaxdoublee_Plx[0.21/0.92] Gaia DR1 parallax uncertaintymasstat.error;pos.parallaxdoubleGmagT[6.3/12.3] Primary TGAS G band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optfloatWISEAAllWISE identifier of the primary (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; from Cutri+, 2013, II/328)meta.id.crosscharJmag1[5.1/10.2] Primary ALLWISE J mag from 2MASSmagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_Jmag1[0.02/0.21]? Primary ALLWISE J uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableHmag1[4.9/10.3] Primary ALLWISE H mag from 2MASSmagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloate_Hmag1[0.01/0.08] Primary ALLWISE H uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatKsmag1[5.1/10.1] Primary ALLWISE Ks mag from 2MASSmagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloate_Ksmag1[0.01/0.07] Primary ALLWISE Ks uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatW1mag1[5.1/9.3] Primary ALLWISE W1 (3.35um) magmagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloate_W1mag1[0.03/0.52]? Primary ALLWISE W1 uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableW2mag1[5.4/10.8] Primary ALLWISE W2 (4.6um) magmagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloat_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decnullableindexedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGPS1Object identifier (objid) of white dwarf companion from Tian+, 2017, I/343meta.id;meta.mainRAICRSRight Ascension from fit (ICRS, Epoch J2010)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEICRS[-29/69] Declination from fit (ICRS, Epoch J2010)degpos.eq.dec;meta.maine_DEICRS[2e-08/100] Uncertainty in DEdeg-gps1degstat.error;pos.eq.decdoublepmRA[-5e-5/6.5e-5] Proper motion in RA, with cos(DE) applied ({mu}_{alpha}_^*^)deg/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRA[2.4e-7/1.5e-6] pmRA uncertaintydeg/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.radoublepmDE[-5.6e-5/5e-5] Proper motion in DE, ({mu}_{delta}_)deg/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDE[2.6e-7/1.3e-6] pmDE uncertaintydeg/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublegmag[14/21] GPS1 g magnitude of the WD from Pan-STARRS1 DR1magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmag[0.001/0.05] GPS1 g band uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatrmag[14/20] GPS1 r magnitude of the WD from Pan-STARRS1 DR1magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmag[0.0004/0.04] GPS1 r band uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatimag[14/20] GPS1 i magnitude of the WD from Pan-STARRS1 DR1magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag[0.001/0.05] GPS1 i band uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatzmag[15/20] GPS1 z magnitude of the WD from Pan-STARRS1 DR1magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_zmag[0.001/0.05] GPS1 z band uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatymag[15/20] GPS1 y magnitude of the WD from Pan-STARRS1 DR1magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_ymag[0.002/0.1] GPS1 y band uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatJmag[15/18]? GPS1 J magnitude of the WD from 2MASSmagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag[0.04/0.2]? GPS1 J band uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableHmag[14/17]? GPS1 H magnitude of the WD from 2MASSmagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag[0.001/0.4]? GPS1 H uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableKsmag[14/18]? GPS1 Ks magnitude of the WD from 2MASSmagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Ksmag[0.001/0.3]? GPS1 Ks band uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableGmag[14/20]? GPS1 Gaia G magnitude of the WDmagphot.mag;em.optfloatnullablee_Gmag[0.0009/0.02]? GPS1 Converted Gaia G band uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableAge-mn[0.7/14.1] Posterior mean WD ageGyrtime.age;stat.meanfloatAge-md[0.7/14.4] Posterior median WD ageGyrtime.age;stat.medianfloate_Age[0.05/3.3] Posterior standard deviation WD ageGyrstat.error;time.agefloat[Fe/H]-mn[-1.7/-0.6] Posterior mean iron abundancephys.abund.Fefloat[Fe/H]-md[-1.7/-0.5] Posterior median iron abundancephys.abund.Fefloate_[Fe/H][0.2/0.8] Posterior standard deviation iron abundancestat.error;phys.abund.FefloatDM-mn[2.8/6.2] Posterior mean distance modulusmagphot.mag.distModfloate_W2mag1[5.2/10.4] Primary ALLWISE W2 uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatW3mag1[5.1/10.3] Primary ALLWISE W3 (11.6um) magmagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloate_W3mag1[0.01/0.04] Primary ALLWISE W3 uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatW4mag1[0.01/0.08] Primary ALLWISE W4 (22.1um) magmagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloate_W4mag1[0.01/0.04] Primary ALLWISE W4 uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatM1-p16[0.58/1.5] 16th mass percentile of primarysolMassphys.massfloatM1-p50[0.58/1.7] 50th mass percentile of primarysolMassphys.massfloatM1-p84[0.59/1.9] 84th mass percentile of primarysolMassphys.massfloat