J/ApJ/862/138ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/862/138doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18620138CDSGagne J.Faherty J.K.2025-05-23T10:56:39Z2019-08-22T15:01:06ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frlate-type-starsproper-motionsradial-velocityvisible-astronomytrigonometric-parallaxstellar-spectral-typesstellar-associationsIn this paper, we examine the nearest 100pc entries in Data Release 2 of Gaia to identify previously unrecognized candidate members in young associations. We analyze 695952 stars with the BANYAN {Sigma} Bayesian classification software and discover 898 new high-likelihood candidate members that span a wide range of properties, from spectral types B9 to L2, including 104 comoving systems, 111 brown dwarfs, and 31 new bona fide members. Our sample is mostly composed of highly active M dwarfs and will be crucial in examining the low-mass end of the initial mass function of young associations. Our sample includes new candidate members near the Galactic plane where previous surveys suffered from a high rate of contamination. This paper represents the first step toward a full reassessment of young associations in the solar neighborhood with the second data release of the Gaia mission.2018ApJ...862..138Ghttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/862/138CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIII/10 : G5 and later stars in a North Galactic Pole region (Upgren 1962)III/190 : WEB Catalog of Radial Velocities (Duflot+ 1995)III/198 : Palomar/MSU nearby star spectroscopic survey (Hawley+ 1997)III/231 : The Tycho-2 Spectral Type Catalog (Wright+, 2003)II/314 : UKIDSS-DR8 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)II/359 : The VISTA Hemisphere Survey (VHS) catalog DR4.1 (McMahon+, 2013)III/279 : RAVE 5th data release (Kunder+, 2017)V/147 : The SDSS Photometric Catalogue, Release 12 (Alam+, 2015)J/ApJS/99/135 : Rotation and Spectral Peculiarities (Abt+ 1995)J/ApJS/101/117 : UBVRIJHKLMNQ photometry in Taurus-Auriga (Kenyon+ 1995)J/A+AS/123/329 : New weak-line T Tauri stars in Lupus (Krautter+ 1997)J/AJ/123/2828 : Spectroscopy of northern NLTT stars (Cruz+, 2002)J/AJ/123/3409 : SDSS M, L, and T dwarfs (Hawley+, 2002)J/AJ/126/2421 : 2MASS-Selected sample of ultracool dwarfs (Cruz+, 2003)J/AJ/126/2048 : NStars project: the Northern Sample. I. (Gray+, 2003)J/A+A/425/367 : REFLEX Galaxy Cluster Survey catalogue (Boehringer+, 2004)J/AJ/128/463 : A preliminary 20pc census from the NLTT cat. (Reid+, 2004)J/other/ARA+A/42.685 : Young stars near the Sun (Zuckerman+, 2004)J/A+A/442/211 : Spectroscopic distances of 322 NLTT stars (Scholz+, 2005)J/AJ/132/161 : NStars project: The southern sample. I. (Gray+, 2006)J/A+A/446/485 : New very low-mass members in Taurus (Guieu+, 2006)J/ApJ/645/676 : Spatial distribution of BDs in Taurus (Luhman+, 2006)J/AJ/132/866 : New M dwarfs in solar neighborhood (Riaz+, 2006)J/A+A/460/695 : Associations Containing Young stars (Torres+, 2006)J/AJ/133/971 : Wide companions of low-mass stars and BDs (Allen+, 2007)J/AJ/133/439 : Luminosity function of M7-L8 ultracool dwarfs (Cruz+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2825 : Star beyond the NLTT catalog (Reid+, 2007)J/A+A/463/671 : Rotational velocities of A-type stars. III. (Royer+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2258 : Activity and kinematics of ultracool dwarfs (Schmidt+, 2007)J/A+A/481/661 : Hyades brown dwarfs and very low mass stars (Bouvier+, 2008)J/ApJ/689/1295 : Lithium test implications for BDs (Kirkpatrick+, 2008)J/MNRAS/383/831 : New DENIS nearby L and late-M dwarfs (Phan-Bao+, 2008)J/AJ/135/785 : SDSS-DR5 low-mass star spectroscopic sample (West+, 2008)J/AJ/137/1 : PMs and astrometry of late-type dwarfs (Faherty+, 2009)J/ApJ/694/1085 : Radii of exoplanet host stars (van Belle+, 2009)J/MNRAS/403/1949 : UBV(RcIc)JHK photometry of HIP nearby stars (Koen+, 2010)J/AJ/141/97 : SDSS DR7 M dwarfs (West+, 2011)J/ApJ/758/56 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. II. Kinematics (Shkolnik+, 2012)J/AJ/144/8 : Spectrosc. of G/K/M Sco-Cen complex members (Song+, 2012)J/AJ/146/156 : APOGEE M-dwarf survey. I. 1st yr veloc. (Deshpande+, 2013)J/AJ/145/102 : Spectroscopy of bright M dwarfs (Lepine+, 2013)J/ApJ/762/88 : Young stellar kinematic group cand. members (Malo+, 2013)J/MNRAS/435/1325 : Membership of the {epsilon} Cha association (Murphy+, 2013)J/ApJ/794/143 : New SpeX Observations of M7-L6 Dwarfs (Bardalez+, 2014)J/AJ/147/94 : Solar neighborhood. XXXII. L and M dwarfs (Dieterich+, 2014)J/MNRAS/443/2561 : CONCH-SHELL catalog of nearby M dwarfs (Gaidos+, 2014)J/AJ/147/146 : Spectroscopy of Tuc-Hor candidate members (Kraus+, 2014)J/ApJ/788/81 : BANYAN III. RVel & rotation of low-mass stars (Malo+, 2014)J/AJ/147/20 : Spectroscopy of 447 nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2014)J/A+A/566/A132 : Teff and L for stars in 7 open clusters (Silaj+, 2014)J/A+A/577/A128 : CARMENES input cat. of M dwarfs. I (Alonso-Floriano+, 2015)J/MNRAS/454/593 : Young moving groups in solar neighbourhood (Bell+, 2015)J/ApJS/216/7 : Planets Around Low-Mass Stars (PALMS). IV. (Bowler+, 2015)J/A+A/573/A126 : VLT/NaCo Large program I. Sample (Desidera+, 2015)J/ApJS/219/33 : BANYAN. VII. Candidate YMG members from BASS (Gagne+, 2015)J/ApJ/798/73 : BANYAN All-Sky Survey (BASS) cat. V. YMGs (Gagne+, 2015)J/MNRAS/447/1267 : Low-mass members of the Octans association (Murphy+, 2015)J/AJ/149/158 : The BUD sample. I. L dwarf activity sample (Schmidt+, 2015)J/A+A/588/A103 : 2nd ROSAT all-sky survey (2RXS) source cat. (Boller+, 2016)J/MNRAS/457/2192 : NCJM catalog of M dwarfs (Cook+, 2016)J/ApJS/225/10 : Kinematic analysis of M7-L8 dwarfs (Faherty+, 2016)J/A+A/594/A63 : International Deep Planet Survey results (Galicher+, 2016)J/ApJ/817/1 : Palomar/MSU & SDSS-DR7 M dwarfs with GALEX (Jones+, 2016)J/MNRAS/461/794 : Scorpius-Centaurus K-Type Stars (Pecaut+, 2016)J/AJ/154/69 : ACRONYM II. {beta} Pictoris Moving Group (Shkolnik+, 2017)J/ApJ/856/23 : BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN {Sigma} algorithm (Gagne+, 2018)J/ApJ/860/43 : BANYAN. XII. New members from Gaia-Tycho (Gagne+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/862/138https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/862/138http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/862/138https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/862/138https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/862/138http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/862/138GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/862/138/table1 (Nearby young associations considered here)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/862/138/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/862/138/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/862/138/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true83.124.00.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/862/138/table2 (New candidates identified in this work)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/862/138/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/862/138/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/862/138/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true101.22527083-41.624272220.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/862/138/table3 (Co-moving systems identified in this work)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/862/138/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/862/138/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/862/138/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true9.89782083-38.2885250.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/862/138/table5 (New bona fide members)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/862/138/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/862/138/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/862/138/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true28.382916719.29344440.0055555555555555566/127 158 260 265 281 309 340 350 366 374 392 426 470 508 574-575 579 666 770 778 780 784 812 1017 1026 1031 1042 1044-1045 1052 1072 1074 1090 1092 1162 1187 1227 1245 1255 1425 1549 1676 1835 1858 1988 1992 2024 2078 2252 2304 2361 2737 2790 2874 2899 2919 3031 3109 3122 3141 3195 3208 3245 3414 3566 3796 3799 3943 4263 5488 5530 5718 5930 6874 8746 9376 9414 9917 10203 10999 11189 11926 11962 12312 12991 13088 13270 13389 14038 14200 14290 14308 14459 15154 15799 15818 16220 16424 16486 16511 16543 16547 16832 16853 17242 18164 18255 18580 18636 19577 19775 20129 20235 20357 20361 20490 20509 20513 20539-20540 20612 20617 20634 20648 20653 20674 20690 20692 20715 20719 20724 20856 20871 20996 21007 21036 21038 21090 21092 21094 21109 21116-21117 21123 21142 21164 21223 21245 21296 21890 22168 22418 22547 22741 22753 22769 22808 22971 23001 23003 23006-23007 23030 23067 23086 23285 23345 23356 23372 23389 23393 23396 23419 23424 23426 23448 23493 23506 23510-23511 23514 23516 23523 23531 23544 23695 23720 23724 23808 24016 24076 24098 24100 24103 24105 24109 24129 24195 24203-24204 24206 24210-24211 24217 24228 24230 24236 24242 24246 24252 24254 24256 24276 24283 24332 24359-24360 24558 24729 24732 25070 25100 25227 25558 25575 25733 25773 25928 26464 26848 27300 27334 27715 28085 28100 28112 28118 28122-28123 28125 28127 28129 28144 28150 28433 28437 28443 28447 28452 28455 28486 28496 28508-28509 28526 28530 28721 28741 28747 28778 28920 28929 28946 29524 30029 30395 30613 30638 31396 32491 32792-32793 32805 32856 32875 32880-32881 32925 32950 33019 33042 33052-33053 33070 33073 33090 33112 33114 33116 33155 33207 33239 33268 33295 33368 33504 33547 33631 33655 33669 33794 33834 33848 33856 33922 33925 33928 33940 33972 33981 33993 34029 34050-34051 34068 34105 34117 34127 34175 34179-34180 34194 34196 34198 34218 34228 34235 34250 34270-34271 34281 34293-34294 34297 34301 34320 34346 34385 34395 34397 34401 34418 34486-34487 34493 34502 34509 34538 34573 34575 34583 34607 34611 34625 34640 34649 34681 34683 34739 34757 34769 34789 34796 34828 34850 34886 35112 35340 35471 35504 35509 35531 35548 35612 35627 35809 35818 35844 35861 35863 35866 36036 36060 36070 36113 36146 36152 36159 36169 36194 36242 36322 36569 36663 36770 36803 36869 36906 36935 36980 37002 37027 37047 37063 37072 37074-37075 37079 37095 37101 37104 37114 37119-37120 37132 37136 37138-37139 37155 37163 37166 37173 37175 37185 37190 37196 37204 37210-37211 37220 37224 37227 37233 37242 37262 37304 37310-37311 37314 37319 37324-37325 37328 37335 37340 37355 37359 37362-37363 37377 37385 37421-37422 37455 37480 37491 37498 37500 37507 37526 37561 37566-37567 37569 37584 37591 37611 37618 37643 37647-37648 37651 37661 37665 37677 37679 37681 37684 37702 37708 37714 37731 37734 37757 37765 37774 37801 37816 37827 37853 37866 37909 37911-37912 37915 37932 37952 37963-37964 37973 37996 38050 38090 38114 38122 38144 38151 38197 38332 38352 38382 38408 38462 38487 38597 38644 38656 38671 38749 38786 38912 38920 38932 38947 38970 38997 39015-39016 39039 39051-39052 39056-39057 39115 39147 39175 39179 39193 39204 39215 39269 39298 39451 39486 39500 39511 39513 39518 39525 39568-39569 39575 39616 39671 39681 39736 39848 39854 39961 40137 40206 40242 40375 40580 40961 40963 40965 41011 41095 41116 41181 41251 41258 41277-41278 41313 41473 41475 41485 41500 41504-41505 41515 41518-41519 41523-41524 41530-41532 41565 41570 41603 41605 41607 41612 41622 41625 41632-41633 41636 41641 41644-41646 41650-41651 41664 41668 41673 41679 41698 41702 41727 41779 41819 41821 41889 41952 41960 41967 41976 41983 42062 42076-42077 42095 42155 42176 42219 42242 42267 42333 42374 42408 42410-42411 42425 42502-42503 42523 42530 42539 42558 42563 42605 42613 42623 42633 42650 42652 42668 42671 42706-42707 42709 42729 42746 42760-42761 42807 42826 42881 42910 42941 43008-43009 43011 43013-43014 43016 43019 43024-43025 43031 43033 43035 43041-43042 43047 43052 43054 43058-43060 43062 43064-43065 43067 43072-43073 43079-43080 43082 43090 43101 43103 43107 43110 43113 43118 43124 43130 43139-43142 43148 43152 43154-43155 43162-43163 43172 43179 43185 43198 43205 43209 43213-43214 43219 43223 43227-43228 43238 43249 43274 43283 43335 43366 43378 43416 43418 43447 43452 43457 43468 43471 43523 43541 43550 43580 43624 43653 43665 43829 43844 44039 44043 44056 44064 44074 44088 44101-44102 44104 44116-44117 44162-44164 44176 44189 44236 44244 44352-44353 44368 44387 44503 44743 45104-45105 45195 45227 45306 45405 45441 45576 45628 45657 45674 45694 45797 46217 46380 46529 46536 46622 47116 47165 47205 47207 47233 47242 47267-47268 47273 47301 47303 47335 47376 47415 47561 47591 47672 47674 47760 47808 47931 47978 47993 48030 48049 48053 48064 48173 48399 48569 48676 48684 48829 49002https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/862/138?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/862/138/table1Nearby young associations considered hererecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNNumber of new candidates for this association (link to Table 2)meta.numberintnullableAssocName of the young association (1)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryu_Age[~] Uncertainty flag on Agemeta.code.error;time.agecharCNumber of co-moving systems for this association (link to Table 3)meta.numberintnullableomega[25.4/130] Peak of distance distributionpcpos.distancefloate_omega[0.7/20] 1{sigma} negative uncertaintypcstat.errorfloatE_omega[0.8/30]? 1{sigma} positive uncertaintypcstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablenu[-12/39] Peak of radial velocity distributionkm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_nu[0.8/20] 1{sigma} negative uncertaintykm/sstat.errorfloatE_nu[0.8/10]? 1{sigma} positive uncertaintykm/sstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullableSspa[1.2/22.4] Characteristic spatial scale in XYZ spacepcsrc.morph.scLengthfloatSkin[0.5/3.6] Characteristic kinematic scale in UVW spacekm/sphys.velocfloatAge[1/750] Age (or lower range of Age)Myrtime.agefloatAge2[2]? Upper range of AgeMyrtime.age;stat.maxintnullablee_Age[1.4/100]? Negative uncertaintyMyrstat.error;time.agefloatnullableE_Age[2/98]? Positive uncertaintyMyrstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullableRef[101/112] Reference (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;pos.frameint_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableJ/ApJ/862/138/table2New candidates identified in this workAssocAssociation identifier (as in table 1)meta.id.parentchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountpos.eq.decindexedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintCDisplay the parameters for this co-moving system (link to Table 3)meta.ref.urlintnullableIDSource identifier (JHHMM+DDMM)meta.id;meta.maincharf_SpT[p] p: estimated from the absolute Gaia G-band magnitudemeta.codecharSpTSpectral typesrc.spTypecharRAJ2000[0/23] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000) (G1)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000) (G1)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainpmRA[-576/336] Proper motion along RA times cos(DE)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRA[0.03/3.8] Uncertainty in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-452/448] Proper motion along DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDE[0.03/4.2] Uncertainty in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatplx[10/113] Parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.02/3.4] Uncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatRVel[-23/45]? Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RVel[0.1/10]? Uncertainty in RVelkm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocfloatnullableAmbIdentifiers of possible associations for ambiguous candidates (1)meta.notecharr_SpT[1/60]? Reference for SpT (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullabler_RVel[1/53]? Reference for RVel (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullableGaiaDR2Display the Gaia DR2 (I/345) data within 1"meta.ref.urlcharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableJ/ApJ/862/138/table3Co-moving systems identified in this workrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaGaia DR2 identifiermeta.id;meta.mainAssocAssociation ID as in Table 1 (1)meta.id.parentcharSep[0.6/116]? Separation between component and host (2)arcsecpos.angDistancefloatnullableRAJ2000[0/23] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000) (G1)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000) (G1)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainpmRA[-202/239] Proper motion along RA times cos(DE)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountpos.eq.decindexede_pmRA[0.03/3.3] Uncertainty in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-152/103] Proper motion along DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDE[0.04/2] Uncertainty in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatplx[6/50.5] Parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.02/2] Uncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatRVel[-42/45.1]? Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RVel[0.2/10.1]? Uncertainty in RVelkm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocfloatnullablef_RVel[*] Flag on RVel (3)meta.codecharJ/ApJ/862/138/table5New bona fide membersAssocAssociation ID as in table 1meta.id.parentcharRAJ2000[0/23] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000) (G1)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000) (G1)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainl_AgeLimit flag on Agemeta.code.error;time.agecharAgeAge rangeMyrtime.agecharComovComoving star namemeta.id.assoccharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintf_NameFlag on Name (1)meta.codecharNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharSpTMK spectral typesrc.spTypecharf_SpT[p] p: estimated from the absolute Gaia G-band magnitudemeta.codecharJ/ApJ/862/138/refsReferencesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference codemeta.note;meta.mainintprimaryCommCommentmeta.notecharBibCodeBibcode of the referencemeta.bib.bibcodecharAuthFirst author's name(s)meta.bib.authorchar