J/ApJ/860/109ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/860/109doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18600109CDSGhezzi L.Montet B.T.Johnson J.A.2020-04-27T13:10:34Z2019-07-31T13:19:30ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.freffective-temperatureradial-velocityline-intensitiesvisible-astronomytrigonometric-parallaxmetallicitystellar-radiistellar-massesstellar-agesgiant-starsExoplanet surveys of evolved stars have provided increasing evidence that the formation of giant planets depends not only on stellar metallicity ([Fe/H]) but also on the mass (M*). However, measuring accurate masses for subgiants and giants is far more challenging than it is for their main-sequence counterparts, which has led to recent concerns regarding the veracity of the correlation between stellar mass and planet occurrence. In order to address these concerns, we use HIRES spectra to perform a spectroscopic analysis on a sample of 245 subgiants and derive new atmospheric and physical parameters. We also calculate the space velocities of this sample in a homogeneous manner for the first time. When reddening corrections are considered in the calculations of stellar masses and a -0.12M_{sun}_ offset is applied to the results, the masses of the subgiants are consistent with their space velocity distributions, contrary to claims in the literature. Similarly, our measurements of their rotational velocities provide additional confirmation that the masses of subgiants with M*>=1.6M_{sun}_ (the "retired A stars") have not been overestimated in previous analyses. Using these new results for our sample of evolved stars, together with an updated sample of FGKM dwarfs, we confirm that giant planet occurrence increases with both stellar mass and metallicity up to 2.0M_{sun}_. We show that the probability of formation of a giant planet is approximately a one-to-one function of the total amount of metals in the protoplanetary disk M* 10^[Fe/H]. This correlation provides additional support for the core accretion mechanism of planet formation.2018ApJ...860..109Ghttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/860/109CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/pastel : The PASTEL catalogue (Soubiran+, 2016-)I/259 : The Tycho-2 Catalogue (Hog+ 2000)I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)V/117 : Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhood (Holmberg+, 2007)V/137 : Extended Hipparcos Compilation (XHIP) (Anderson+, 2012)J/A+A/435/373 : Broadening of Fe II lines by H collisions (Barklem+, 2005)J/ApJ/622/1102 : The planet-metallicity correlation. (Fischer+, 2005)J/ApJS/159/141 : Spectroscopic properties of cool stars. I. (Valenti+, 2005)J/AJ/135/209 : Rotational and RVels of 761 HIP giants (Massarotti+, 2008)J/A+A/487/373 : Spectroscopic parameters of 451 HARPS-GTO stars (Sousa+, 2008)J/A+A/497/497 : Physical parameters from JHK flux (Gonzalez-Hernandez+, 2009)J/ApJ/720/1290 : Abundances of stars hosting planets (Ghezzi+, 2010)J/other/A+ARV/18.67 : Accurate masses and radii of normal stars (Torres+, 2010)J/A+A/530/A138 : Geneva-Copenhagen survey re-analysis (Casagrande+, 2011)J/ApJ/732/55 : Abundances of stars with planets (Schuler+, 2011)J/ApJ/757/161 : Spectroscopy of 56 exoplanet host stars (Torres+, 2012)J/ApJ/771/129 : Submillimetric Class II sources of Taurus (Andrews+, 2013)J/A+A/555/A150 : Physical parameters of cool solar-type stars (Tsantaki+, 2013)J/ApJ/776/67 : Rotational tracks (van Saders+, 2013)J/ApJ/795/23 : Line list for stellar chemical abundances (Bedell+, 2014)J/A+A/561/A21 : Line list for solar-type stars (Sousa+, 2014)J/A+A/574/A50 : Chemical abundances of giants and subgiants (Jofre+, 2015)J/A+A/574/A116 : G and K giant stars stellar parameters (Reffert+, 2015)J/A+A/576/A94 : Northern bright planet host stars parameters (Sousa+, 2015)J/ApJS/225/32 : Extended abundance analysis of cool stars (Brewer+, 2016)J/ApJ/831/L6 : Eclipsing binary parallaxes with Gaia data (Stassun+, 2016)J/AJ/153/136 : Planets and their host stars with Gaia plx (Stassun+, 2017)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/860/109https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/860/109http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/860/109https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/860/109https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/860/109http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/860/109GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/860/109/subgiants (Atmospheric, broadening and evolutionary parameters of the subgiant and Galactic UVW space velocities and photometric effective temperatures (Tables 1, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/860/109/subgiants?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/860/109/subgiants?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/860/109/subgiants?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true3.81777959-6.138211960.0055555555555555566/0 174 181 257 292 558 576 1186 1339 1415 1447 1603 1682 1817 1907 1975 2273 2279 2416 2456 2463 2490 2810 2978 3041 3166 4220 4286 4332 4345 4422 4599 5451 5556 5572 5667 5985 6006 6489 6687 7136 7229 7250 7299 7345 7373 7434 8268 8380 8478 8785 8918 9102 9594 9656 9695 9753 9810 9893 9928 9976 10278 10343 10548 10550 10559 10649 10772 11835 12306 12477 12612 12640 12807 13117 13128 13134 13231 13415 13684 14129 14434 14437 14568 14657 14767 15104 15273 15290 15546 15549 15674 16790 16798 16884 16892 16956 16971 17140 17341 17361 17404 17419 17426 17507 17607 17622 17623 18059 18172 18229 18315 18343 18371 18417 18441 18512 18521 18551 18650 18722 18947 18953 18976 19081 19139 19495 19669 19793 19815 20177 20732 20792 21119 21153 21221 21223 21233 21936 22397 22539 22571 22646 22781 22808 22827 22879 23192 23322 23328 23591 23710 23758 23817 23940 23943 24005 24255 24827 24991 25114 25127 25446 25571 25707 25729 26266 26268 26303 26417 26473 26551 26661 26727 26745 26779 26938 27019 27060 27179 27195 27220 27338 27523 27682 27943 28085 28121 28392 28518 28659 29413 30066 30170 30419 30435 30529 30905 31197 31606 32501 32693 34653 34773 35740 35776 35789 35799 35822 35865 35958 36070 36092 36158 36162 36171 36292 36295 36323 36347 36390 36482 36565 36661 36746 36759 36766 36863 38880 40270 42783 42941 44650 44774 44939 46959 48049 48108 48109 48454 48835 49041 49142https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/860/109?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/860/109/table2List of Fe I and Fe II linesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[5023.1/6862] Wavelength in Angstroms0.1nmem.wldoubleIonIon identifier (FeI=26.0 and FeII=26.1)phys.atmol.ionStagefloatExPot[0.08/5] Excitation potentialeVphys.atmol.excitationfloatlog(gf)[-5.4/-0.2] log oscillator strengthphys.atmol.oscStrengthfloatloggamma[-7.9/-7] log van der Waals damping constant (1)arith.zpfloatEW[6.2/96.8] Equivalent width1e-13mspect.line.eqWidthfloatJ/ApJ/860/109/subgiantsAtmospheric, broadening and evolutionary parameters of the subgiant and Galactic UVW space velocities and photometric effective temperatures (Tables 1, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8)S/N[96/303] Signal-to-Noisestat.snrintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintStarStar identifier (HD or HIP number)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000) (1)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000) (1)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainVmag[4.8/9] Apparent V band magnitude (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloate_Vmag[0.01/0.03] Uncertainty in Vmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.VfloatAv[0/0.7] V band extinctionmagphys.absorption;em.opt.Vfloate_Av[0/0.4] Uncertainty in Avmagstat.errorfloatPlx[2/32.8] Parallax (3)maspos.parallaxfloate_Plx[0.2/3.2] Uncertainty in Plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatpmRA[-251.6/233.1] Proper motion along RA (1)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-349.8/247.4] Proper motion along DE (1)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatRVel[-139.7/153]? Radial velocity (4)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublenullableTeff[4662/6128] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_Teff[11/63] Uncertainty in TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintlog(g)[2.3/4.2] log surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloate_log(g)[0.03/0.2] Uncertainty in log(g)log(cm.s**-2)stat.errorfloat[Fe/H][-1.7/0.41] Metallicitylog(Sun)phys.abund.Zfloate_[Fe/H][0.01/0.03] Uncertainty in [Fe/H]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abund.FefloatVt[0.4/2.2] Microturbulent velocitykm/sphys.velocfloate_Vt[0.02/0.2] Uncertainty in Vtkm/sstat.errorfloatN-FeI[89/146] Number of lines used for FeI abundancemeta.numberintN-FeII[8/17] Number of lines used for FeII abundancemeta.numberintFWHM[0.06/0.2] Instrumental profile Full-Width at Half-Maximum; Angstroms0.1nmspect.line.widthfloatVmacro[3.3/6.1] Macroturbulence velocitykm/sphys.velocfloatVsin(i)[0/8.8] Projected rotational velocitykm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloate_Vsin(i)[0.2/3.4] Uncertainty in Vsin(i)km/sstat.errorfloatMass[0.8/2.9] MasssolMassphys.massfloatnullablee_Mass[0.01/0.5] Uncertainty in MasssolMassstat.error;phys.massfloatnullableRad[1.7/15.2] RadiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloatnullablee_Rad[0.06/3.3] Uncertainty in RadsolRadstat.errorfloatnullablelogg[1.9/4.1] log surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatnullablee_logg[0.01/0.3] Uncertainty in logglog(cm.s**-2)stat.errorfloatnullableAge[0.4/10.1] AgeGyrtime.agefloatnullablee_Age[0.04/4] Uncertainty in AgeGyrstat.error;time.agefloatnullableUVel[-143/114]? Velocity towards the Galactic centerkm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.xdoublenullableVVel[-132/32]? Velocity in the direction of galactic rotationkm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.ydoublenullableWVel[-103/47]? Velocity toward the North Galactic Polekm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.zdoublenullableKsmag[4.2/6.9]? Apparent K_S_ band magnitude from 2MASSmagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableTeffp[4681/6493]? Photometric effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintnullablee_Teffp[28/71]? Uncertainty in TeffpKstat.errorintnullablervCatDisplay data from Massarotti+, 2008, J/AJ/135/209 and Brewer+, 2016, J/ApJS/225/32 within 3"meta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharnullable