J/ApJ/842/60ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/842/60doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18420060CDSMonelli M.Fiorentino G.Bernard E.J.Martinez-Vazquez C.E.Bono G.,Gallart C.Dall'Ora M.Stetson P.B.2020-01-28T15:26:35Z2018-03-06T10:42:21ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesvariable-starshst-photometryWe present the discovery of 1568 RR Lyrae stars in three of the most luminous M31 satellites: And VII (573), NGC 147 (177), and NGC 185 (818). We use their properties to study the formation history of Local Group spiral haloes, and in particular, to infer about the nature of their possible building blocks by comparison with available data for RR Lyrae stars in the halo and in a sample of satellites of M31 and the Milky Way. We find that the brightest satellites and the halos of both galaxies host a number of High Amplitude Short Period (HASP) RR Lyrae variable stars, which are missing in the faintest satellites. HASP variable stars have been shown by Fiorentino+ (2015ApJ...798L..12F) to be tracers of a population of stars as metal-rich as [Fe/H]~-1.5 and older than ~10Gyr. This suggests that the metal-rich M31 and MW halo component, which manifests through the HASP phenomenon, comes from massive dwarf galaxy building blocks, as the low-mass dwarfs did not chemically enrich fast enough to produce them. All detected variable stars are new discoveries; in particular, this work presents the first detections of RR Lyrae stars in And VII. Moreover, a number of candidate Anomalous Cepheids, and binary and long-period variable stars have been detected. We provide pulsation properties (period, amplitude, mean magnitude), light curves, and time series photometry for all of the variable stars in the three galaxies.2017ApJ...842...60Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/842/60CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/hst : HST Archived Exposures Catalog (STScI, 2007)J/ApJ/562/303 : Old Stellar Populations of the SMC (Dolphin+ 2001)J/MNRAS/327/918 : CaII in extragalactic red giants (Tolstoy+, 2001)J/AJ/124/1464 : Variable stars in Andromeda VI (Pritzl+, 2002)J/A+A/402/113 : (RI)c photometry of variables in M31 (Joshi+, 2003)J/AJ/127/2738 : ACS VI photometry of M31 halo RR Lyrea (Brown+, 2004)J/AJ/128/1177 : Galactic stellar abundances (Venn+, 2004)J/AJ/127/1158 : QUEST RR Lyrae Survey first catalog (Vivas+, 2004)J/AJ/138/184 : RR Lyrae in 2 fields in M31 spheroid (Sarajedini+, 2009)J/AcA/59/1 : VI light curves of LMC RR Lyrae stars (Soszynski+, 2009)J/AcA/59/137 : ASAS Galactic fundamental mode RR Lyrae (Szczygiel+, 2009)J/ApJ/708/817 : RR Lyrae variables in M32 and M31 (Fiorentino+, 2010)J/AcA/60/165 : VI light curves of SMC RR Lyrae (Soszynski+, 2010)J/AJ/141/171 : RR Lyrae stars in 6 ultra-deep fields of M31 (Jeffery+, 2011)J/AcA/61/1 : VI light curves of Galactic Bulge RR Lyrae (Soszynski+, 2011)J/A+A/539/A138 : RR Lyr variable stars in M32 (Fiorentino+, 2012)J/ApJ/745/156 : M31 Cepheids with HST/WFC3 (Riess+, 2012)J/ApJ/779/7 : M31 dSph satellites. I. Variables in And XIX (Cusano+, 2013)J/ApJ/763/32 : Galactic halo RRab stars from CSS (Drake+, 2013)J/ApJ/790/73 : Abundances of RGBs in M31 satellites (Vargas+, 2014)J/ApJ/789/147 : Star formation histories of LG dwarf galaxies (Weisz+, 2014)J/ApJ/781/22 : Region I of La Silla QUEST RR Lyrae star survey (Zinn+, 2014)J/ApJ/798/77 : Metallicity of RGB stars in 6 M31 dwarf galaxies (Ho+, 2015)J/AcA/65/233 : OGLE Magellanic Clouds anomalous Cepheids (Soszynski+, 2015)J/MNRAS/451/724 : PHAT. XIII. M31 Cepheid P-L relation (Wagner-Kaiser+, 2015)J/ApJ/829/26 : Variable stars in the field of And XXV. III. (Cusano+, 2016)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/842/60https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/842/60http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/842/60https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/842/60https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/842/60http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/842/60GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/842/60/table1 (Summary of the main properties of the three galaxies)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/842/60/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/842/60/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/842/60/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true351.63208350.6758330.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/842/60/table5 (Mean properties of the variable stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/842/60/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/842/60/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/842/60/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true351.5847583350.706350.0055555555555555566/2774 2777 14149https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/842/60?format=asciidefaultJ/ApJ/842/60/table1Summary of the main properties of the three galaxiesGalGalaxy namemeta.id;meta.mainchar(m-M)0[23.9/24.5] Distance modulusmagphot.mag.distModfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNobsmeta.numberintnullableNvmeta.numberintnullableRAJ2000Hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.maine_(m-M)0[0.09/0.1] (m-M)0 uncertaintymagstat.errorfloatVMag[-14.8/-12.6] V-band absolute magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloate_VMag[0.1/0.2] VMag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Vfloat[Fe/H][-1.4/-1.1] Metallicityphys.abund.Zfloate_[Fe/H][0.1/0.3] [Fe/H] uncertaintystat.error;phys.abund.FefloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharNEDNED column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/842/60/table5Mean properties of the variable starsTypeVariable type (1)meta.code;src.varcharLCInteractive LCs Plotmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGalName of the satellitemeta.id.part;meta.maincharVarObject identifier within the galaxymeta.id.part;meta.maincharRAJ2000[0/23] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[48/50] Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainPer[0.1/2.2]? Perioddtime.periodfloatnullable<mag1>[24/26.6]? HST F606W mean magnitude; F435W for And VIImagphot.magfloatnullableAmp1[0.09/2]? Amplitude in 1st filtermagsrc.var.amplitudefloatnullable<mag2>[23.2/26.4]? HST F814W mean magnitude; F555W for And VIImagphot.magfloatnullableAmp2[0/2.1]? Amplitude in 2nd filtermagsrc.var.amplitudefloatnullable<color>[0.004/1.1]? Mean color; mag1-mag2magphot.color;em.opt;em.optfloatnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/842/60/table3Log of the observationsImageImage identifiermeta.id;obs.imagecharFiltFiltermeta.id;instr.filtercharInstHST instrument identifier (ACS or WFC3)meta.id;instrcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGalSatellite identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharExp[600/1463] Exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposurefloatObsUT date of observation start timestime.start;obsnullableJ/ApJ/842/60/table4Photometry of the variable starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGalName of the satellitemeta.id.part;meta.maincharVarObject identifier within the galaxymeta.id.part;meta.maincharHJD1? Modified Heliocentric Julian Date of 1st filter observation of mid-exposure; HJD-2400000dtime.epochdoublenullablemag1[22.3/100]? HST F606W apparent magnitude; F435W for And VIImagphot.magfloatnullablee_mag1[0.01/10]? Uncertainty in mag1magstat.errorfloatnullableHJD2? Modified Heliocentric Julian Date of 2nd filter observation of mid-exposure; HJD-2400000dtime.epochdoublenullablemag2[22.4/100]? HST F814W apparent magnitude; F555W for And VIImagphot.magfloatnullablee_mag2[0.01/10]? Uncertainty in mag2magstat.errorfloatnullable