J/ApJ/839/89ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/839/89doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18390089CDSWatkins L.L.van der Marel R.P.2019-04-08T12:59:15Z2018-01-12T10:55:34ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frglobular-star-clustersvisible-astronomytrigonometric-parallaxproper-motionsradial-velocityWe present a pilot study of Galactic globular cluster (GC) proper motion (PM) determinations using Gaia data. We search for GC stars in the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS) catalog from Gaia Data Release 1 (DR1), and identify five members of NGC 104 (47 Tucanae), one member of NGC 5272 (M3), five members of NGC 6121 (M4), seven members of NGC 6397, and two members of NGC 6656 (M22). By taking a weighted average of member stars, fully accounting for the correlations between parameters, we estimate the parallax (and, hence, distance) and PM of the GCs. This provides a homogeneous PM study of multiple GCs based on an astrometric catalog with small and well-controlled systematic errors and yields random PM errors similar to existing measurements. Detailed comparison to the available Hubble Space Telescope (HST) measurements generally shows excellent agreement, validating the astrometric quality of both TGAS and HST. By contrast, comparison to ground-based measurements shows that some of those must have systematic errors exceeding the random errors. Our parallax estimates have uncertainties an order of magnitude larger than previous studies, but nevertheless imply distances consistent with previous estimates. By combining our PM measurements with literature positions, distances, and radial velocities, we measure Galactocentric space motions for the clusters and find that these also agree well with previous analyses. Our analysis provides a framework for determining more accurate distances and PMs of Galactic GCs using future Gaia data releases. This will provide crucial constraints on the near end of the cosmic distance ladder and provide accurate GC orbital histories.2017ApJ...839...89Whttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/839/89CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/195 : Globular Clusters in the Milky Way (Harris, 1996)I/259 : The Tycho-2 Catalogue (Hog+ 2000)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)III/279 : RAVE 5th data release (Kunder+, 2017)J/ApJ/420/612 : Proper motions & radial velocities in M22 (Peterson+ 1994)J/ApJ/443/124 : Radial Velocities of Stars in M4 (Peterson+ 1995)J/MNRAS/349/1278 : BVI photometry of M22 (Monaco+, 2004)J/ApJS/161/304 : Star clusters in the MW and satellites (McLaughlin+, 2005)J/AJ/143/50 : White dwarfs in 47 Tuc (NGC 104) with HST (Woodley+, 2012)J/AJ/145/43 : CASE. V. Three eclipsing binaries in M4 (Kaluzny+, 2013)J/ApJ/797/115 : HSTPROMO I. Obs. and NGC7078 results (Bellini+, 2014)J/A+A/573/A115 : Radial velocities in seven globular clusters (Lardo+, 2015)J/ApJ/808/11 : RR Lyrae stars in M4. II. Spitzer/IRAC phot. (Neeley+, 2015)J/ApJ/812/149 : HSTPROMO. III. Dynamical distances (Watkins+, 2015)J/ApJ/803/29 : HSTPROMO catalogs. II. Kinematic profiles (Watkins+, 2015)http://www.astro.yale.edu/dana/gc.html : Absolute PM of globular clustershttp://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia : ESA Gaia science community home pagehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/839/89https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/839/89http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/839/89https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/839/89https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/839/89http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/839/89GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/839/89/gc (Cluster properties from TGAS and space motion analysis (tables 2-4))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/839/89/gc?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/839/89/gc?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/839/89/gc?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true6.024-72.0810.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/839/89/table1 (TGAS from Gaia DR1 star properties and membership selection statistics)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/839/89/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/839/89/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/839/89/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true5.9132217-72.27774530.0055555555555555566/10336 28966 28972 28973 33321 33323 33324 42076 429553.4014663096393355e-19 5.101838343667421e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/839/89?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/839/89/gcCluster properties from TGAS and space motion analysis (tables 2-4)e_WUncertainty in Wkm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.zfloatRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNGCCluster namemeta.id;meta.mainintprimaryNsmeta.numberintnullableplx[0.2/0.6] Parallax estimatemaspos.parallax.trigfloatpmRA[-13/9] Proper motion along Right Ascensionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-19/-2.8] Proper motion along Declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_plx[0.1/0.3] Uncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloate_pmRA[0.5/1.5] Uncertainty in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmDE[0.2/1.5] Uncertainty in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatCplx-pmRA[-0.5/0.6] Correlation between plx and pmRAstat.correlation;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatCplx-pmDE[-0.6/0.6] Correlation between plx and pmDEstat.correlation;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatCpmRA-pmDE[-0.4/1] Correlation between pmRA and pmDEstat.correlation;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatpplx[0.4/1] The p-value for plxstat.fit.goodnessfloatDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainDist[1.8/10.1] Distancekpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloate_Dist[0.05/0.9] Negative uncertainty on Distkpcstat.errorfloatE_Dist[0.05/1] Positive uncertainty on Distkpcstat.error;stat.maxfloatXX position coordinatekpcpos.distance;pos.cartesian.xfloatYY position coordinatekpcpos.distance;pos.cartesian.yfloatZZ position coordinatekpcpos.distance;pos.cartesian.zfloatU[-149/56] U velocity componentkm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.xfloate_UUncertainty in Ukm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.xfloatV[50/213] V velocity componentkm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.yfloate_VUncertainty in Vkm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.yfloatW[-133/69] W velocity componentkm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.zfloatv[74/286] Magnitude of total velocitykm/sphys.velocfloate_vUncertainty in vkm/sstat.errorfloatvrad[-123/179] Radial component of velocity (1)km/sphys.velocfloate_vradUncertainty in vradkm/sstat.errorfloatvtan[48/224] Tangential component of velocity (1)km/sphys.velocfloate_vtanUncertainty in vtankm/sstat.errorfloatPi[-58/170] Radial component of velocity (2)km/sphys.velocfloate_PiUncertainty in Pikm/sstat.errorfloatTheta[47/197] Tangential component of velocity (2)km/sphys.velocfloate_ThetaUncertainty in Thetakm/sstat.error;pos.posAngfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharNEDNED column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/839/89/table1TGAS from Gaia DR1 star properties and membership selection statisticsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGIDGaia identifier (<Gaia DR1 NNNN...NNN> in Simbad)meta.id;meta.mainRAdegRight ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.raDEdegDeclination (J2000)degpos.eq.decPlxParallaxmaspos.parallaxfloatpmRA[-13.5/10.4] Proper motion in RA {mu}_{alpha}*_mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-19.5/-1.1] Proper motion in DEC {mu}_{delta}_mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatBTmag[11.7/14.8] Tycho2 B-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.BfloatVTmag[10.1/12.5] Tycho2 V-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatRV[-149/70]? Radial velocity from RAVEkm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullableNGCNearest cluster namemeta.id.parentintlogLad[-7/-0.01] Logarithm of position likelihoodstat.likelihoodfloatlogLpmu[-9/-0.9] Logarithm of parallax and PM likelihoodstat.likelihoodfloatlogLi[-10.7/-1] Logarithm of total likelihoodstat.likelihoodfloatMm[*] *: cluster member (1)meta.code.membercharRAVEDisplay the RAVE 5th data release (III/279) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlnullableTYCDisplay the Tycho2 data (Hog+ 2000, I/259) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main