J/ApJ/833/9ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/833/9doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18330009CDSLincowski A.P.Halfen D.T.Ziurys L.M.2017-05-22T15:34:09Z2017-04-07T12:20:43ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fratomic-physicsradio-spectroscopyPure rotational spectra of the rare isotopologues of titanium oxide, ^46^TiO, ^47^TiO, ^49^TiO, and ^50^TiO, have been recorded using a combination of Fourier transform millimeter-wave (FTmmW) and millimeter/submillimeter direct absorption techniques in the frequency range 62-538GHz. This study is the first complete spectroscopic characterization of these species in their X^3^{Delta}_r_ ground electronic states. The isotopologues were created by the reaction of N_2_O or O_2_ and titanium vapor, produced either by laser ablation or in a Broida-type oven, and observed in the natural Ti isotopic abundances. Between 10 and 11 rotational transitions J+1<->J were measured for each species, typically in all 3 spin-orbit ladders {Omega}=1, 2, and 3. For ^47^TiO and ^49^TiO, hyperfine structure was resolved, originating from the titanium-47 and titanium-49 nuclear spins of I=5/2 and 7/2, respectively. For the {Omega}=1 and 3 components, the hyperfine structure was found to follow a classic Lande pattern, while that for {Omega}=2 appeared to be perturbed, likely a result of mixing with the nearby isoconfigurational a^1^{Delta} state. The spectra were analyzed with a case (a) Hamiltonian, and rotational, spin-orbit, and spin-spin parameters were determined for each species, as well as magnetic hyperfine and electric quadrupole constants for the two molecules with nuclear spins. The most abundant species, ^48^TiO, has been detected in circumstellar envelopes. These measurements will enable other titanium isotopologues to be studied at millimeter wavelengths, providing Ti isotope ratios that can test models of nucleosynthesis.2016ApJ...833....9Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/833/9CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/A+A/551/A113 : Spectrum of VY CMa in 220.65-224.25GHz range (Kaminski+, 2013)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/833/9https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/833/9http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/833/9https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/833/9https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/833/9http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/833/9GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapRadiodefaultJ/ApJ/833/9/table1Observed rotational transitions of titanium oxide (TiO) isotopologues (X^3^{Delta}_r_)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSpeciesTiO Isotopologue Speciesmeta.notecharJ1[2/17] Upper J quantum numberinstr.det.qe;stat.maxintJ0[1/16] Lower J quantum numberinstr.det.qe;stat.minintF1[0.5/19.5]? Upper F quantum numberphys.atmol.qnfloatnullableF0[1.5/18.5]? Lower F quantum numberphys.atmol.qnfloatnullableFreq1[62687/532616] Frequency of the transition for {Omega}=1MHzem.freq;phys.atmol.transitiondouble(O-C)1[-0.3/0.2]? Observed minus calculated value for Freq1MHzstat.fit.residualfloatnullablef_(O-C)1[a] Flag on (O-C)1 (1)meta.codecharFreq2[221900/538598]? Frequency of the transition for {Omega}=2MHzem.freq;phys.atmol.transitiondoublenullable(O-C)2[-0.3/0.3]? Observed minus calculated value for Freq2MHzstat.fit.residualfloatnullablef_(O-C)2[a] Flag on (O-C)2 (1)meta.codecharFreq3[224069/522730]? Frequency of the transition for {Omega}=3MHzem.freq;phys.atmol.transitiondoublenullable(O-C)3[-0.3/0.3]? Observed minus calculated value for Freq3MHzstat.fit.residualfloatnullablef_(O-C)3[ab] Flag on (O-C)3 (1)meta.codechar