J/ApJ/802/L10ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/802/L10doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18029010CDSTerrien R.C.Mahadevan S.Bender C.F.Deshpande R.Robertson P.2018-05-30T07:09:11Z2015-08-27T13:57:48ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frline-intensitieschemical-abundancesinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyradial-velocitym-starsstellar-radiiDespite the ubiquity of M dwarfs and their growing importance to studies of exoplanets, Galactic evolution, and stellar structure, methods for precisely measuring their fundamental stellar properties remain elusive. Existing techniques for measuring M dwarf luminosity, mass, radius, or composition are calibrated over a limited range of stellar parameters or require expensive observations. We find a strong correlation between the K_S_-band luminosity (M_K_), the observed strength of the I-band sodium doublet absorption feature, and [Fe/H] in M dwarfs without strong H{alpha} emission. We show that the strength of this feature, coupled with [Fe/H] and spectral type, can be used to derive M dwarf M_K_ and radius without requiring parallax. Additionally, we find promising evidence that the strengths of the I-band sodium doublet and the nearby I-band calcium triplet may jointly indicate {alpha}-element enrichment. The use of these I-band features requires only moderate-resolution near-infrared spectroscopy to provide valuable information about the potential habitability of exoplanets around M dwarfs, and surface gravity and distance for M dwarfs throughout the Galaxy. This technique has immediate applicability for both target selection and candidate planet-host system characterization for exoplanet missions such as TESS and K2.2015ApJ...802L..10Thttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/802/L10CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/322 : UCAC4 Catalogue (Zacharias+, 2012)I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)III/145 : Radial Velocities in the Cardinal Directions (Sandage+ 1987)J/ApJ/804/64 : Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs (Mann+, 2015)J/ApJ/800/85 : Teff, radii and luminosities of cool dwarf (Newton+, 2015)J/A+A/577/A132 : Stellar parameters of early M dwarfs (Maldonado+, 2015)J/MNRAS/443/2561 : Trumpeting M dwarfs with CONCH-SHELL (Gaidos+, 2014)J/AJ/147/20 : Spectroscopy of 447 nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2014)J/ApJ/779/188 : Spectra of nearby late K and M Kepler stars (Mann+, 2013)J/AJ/145/102 : Spectroscopy of M dwarfs in the northern sky (Lepine+, 2013)J/AJ/145/52 : Abundances of late K-M dwarfs in binary systems (Mann+, 2013)J/ApJ/757/112 : Stellar diameters. II. K and M-stars (Boyajian+, 2012)J/ApJ/748/93 : K-band spectra for 133 nearby M dwarfs (Rojas-Ayala+, 2012)J/AJ/143/67 : SLoWPoKES. II. Wide, low-mass binaries data (Dhital+, 2012)J/AJ/141/97 : SDSS DR7 M dwarfs (West+, 2011)J/other/A+ARV/18.67 : Accurate masses and radii of normal stars (Torres+, 2010)J/ApJ/691/1400 : Absolute properties of CM Dra (Morales+, 2009)J/AJ/136/452 : Astrometric studies of GAT stars (Gatewood, 2008)J/AJ/132/1517 : Spectroscopy of M dwarfs in Praesepe (Kafka+, 2006)J/AJ/132/866 : New M dwarfs in solar neighborhood (Riaz+, 2006)J/ApJS/159/141 : Spectroscopic properties of cool stars. I. (Valenti+, 2005)J/AJ/128/426 : Subdwarfs in the SDSS (West+, 2004)J/ApJS/150/455 : New HIP-based parallaxes for 424 faint stars (Gould+, 2004)J/AJ/123/3356 : Palomar/MSU nearby star spectrosc. survey. III. (Gizis+, 2002)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/802/L10https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/802/L10http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/802/L10https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/802/L10https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/802/L10http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/802/L10GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/802/L10/table1 (M dwarf parameters and measurements)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/802/L10/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/802/L10/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/802/L10/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.6802-7.53740.0055555555555555566/22 64 120 131 250 251 280 285 309 521 544 546 685 824 850 861 942 963 1008 1099 1145 1191 1232 1276 1505 1570 1597 1723 1782 1899 1901 1953 2058 2354 2737 2953 2970 2973 3215 3227 3292 3313 3425 4144 4158 4421 4651 4672 4690 4693 4708 4932 4995 5000 5009 5041 5061 5145 5160 5241 5304 5333 5337 5343 5407 5420 5439 5449 5488 5534 5590 5842 5853 6026 6401 6676 6705 6726 6776 6809 6833 6888 6890 6902 6930 6974 7181 7336 7395 7689 8357 8441 8483 8536 8588 8617 8776 9281 9346 9359 9384 9432 9629 9669 9752 9801 10000 10037 10141 10169 10303 10337 10497 10669 10838 10901 11044 11177 11280 11387 11403 11636 12330 12454 12679 12693 12705 12713 12728 12795 12845 12856 12865 12890 12926 12948 13060 13260 13308 13311 13451 13512 13598 13688 13875 13903 13960 14028 14277 14419 14447 14457 14470 14549 14576 14673 14685 14756 14781 14845 14910 14957 14967 14993 15052 15311 15346 15360 15412 15414 15472 15548 15598 15602 15635 15723 15766 15774 15792 15885 15969 16008 16041 17271 17302 17341 17348 17617 17808 17822 17954 18003 18218 18268 18325 18344 18496 18666 18761 18914 19050 19144 19157 19323 19382 19402 19479 19612 19777 19812 19886 20100 20238 20240 20282 20370 20402 20404 20459 21369 21675 21737 21838 21890 22040 22148 22252 22325 22645 22738 22807 22830 22878 22942 23014 23018 23078 23265 23363 23399 23453 23497 23575 23730 23738 24197 24205 24227 24231 24239 24362 24444 24504 24713 25708 25792 25880 26009 26055 26063 26151 26207 26279 26283 26327 26560 26742 26821 26919 26972 27014 27091 27132 27201 27320 27392 27419 27426 27456 27459 27462 27484 27519 27731 27762 27817 27895 27973 28204 28244 28266 28480 28510 28548 29598 29684 29756 29855 29905 30105 30200 30392 30451 30455 30522 30576 30713 31327 31529 31594 31616 31651 31717 31775 31781 31803 31818 31860 31979 31994 32015 32033 32076 32089 32093 32229 32278 32296 32329 32491 32575 32652 32753 40513 40679 40820 44379 44921 44937 46566 48985 49115https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/802/L10?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/802/L10/table1M dwarf parameters and measurementsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2MASS2MASS identifier (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainpmRA[-6768/3386]? Proper motion in RA (1)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.raintnullablepmDE[-4766/10327]? Proper motion in Declination (1)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decintnullableRVel[-118240/136846]? Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RVel[70/15358]? Error in RVel (1)km/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocfloatnullabler_RVelReference for RVel (this work if blank) (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharplx[19/549]? Parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloatnullablee_plx[0.3/14.1]? Error in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatnullabler_plxReference for plx (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharEWHa[-2.3/14]? H-{alpha} equivalent width; in angstroms (3)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullabler_EWHaReference for EWHa (2)meta.ref;pos.framechar[Fe/H][-0.7/0.7] Metallicitylog(Sun)phys.abund.ZfloatSpT[0.1/8.3] NIR M spectral subtypesrc.spTypefloatEWNa[1.5/8.7] NaI 820nm equivalent width; in angstroms (4)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidth;em.opt.Ifloate_EWNa[0.01/0.5] Error in EWNa0.1nmstat.errorfloatEWCa[-2.6/5.7] CaII 860nm equivalent width; in angstroms (4)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidth;em.opt.Ifloate_EWCa[0.02/0.6] Error in EWCa0.1nmstat.errorfloatR[0.1/0.7]? Boyaijian et al. 2012, J/ApJ/757/112, interferometric radiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloatnullablee_R[0.001/0.03]? Error in RsolRadstat.errorfloatnullableRK[0.1/0.7]? Predicted radius from K magnitude (5)solRadphys.size.radiusfloatnullablee_RK[0.002/0.05]? Error in RKmagsolRadstat.errorfloatnullableRNa[0.1/0.7]? Predicted radius from NaI equivalent width (6)solRadphys.size.radiusfloatnullablee_RNa[0.01/0.04]? Error in RNasolRadstat.errorfloatnullable[a/Fe][-0.09/0.4]? [{alpha}/Fe], {alpha}-element abundance relative to ironlog(Sun)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[a/Fe][0.03]? Error in [a/Fe]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullabler_[a/Fe]Reference(s) for [a/Fe] (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharsp[y] Flag if spectrum is from Mann et al. 2013, J/ApJ/779/188meta.notecharUCAC4Display the UCAC4 data (Zacharias+, 2012, I/322) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar