J/ApJ/794/146ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/794/146doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17940146CDSTheissen C.A.West A.A.2017-07-03T14:25:18Z2015-04-21T13:37:37ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frdwarf-starsm-starsastronomical-modelsline-intensitieseffective-temperatureinfrared-photometryUsing the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7) spectroscopic catalog, we searched the WISE AllWISE catalog to investigate the occurrence of warm dust, as inferred from IR excesses, around field M dwarfs (dMs). We developed SDSS/WISE color selection criteria to identify 175 dMs (from 70841) that show IR flux greater than the typical dM photosphere levels at 12 and/or 22{mu}m, including seven new stars within the Orion OB1 footprint. We characterize the dust populations inferred from each IR excess and investigate the possibility that these excesses could arise from ultracool binary companions by modeling combined spectral energy distributions. Our observed IR fluxes are greater than levels expected from ultracool companions (>3{sigma}). We also estimate that the probability the observed IR excesses are due to chance alignments with extragalactic sources is <0.1%. Using SDSS spectra we measure surface gravity-dependent features (K, Na, and CaH 3) and find <15% of our sample indicates low surface gravities. Examining tracers of youth (H{alpha}, UV fluxes, and Li absorption), we find <3% of our sample appear young, indicating we are observing a population of field stars >~1Gyr, likely harboring circumstellar material. We investigate age-dependent properties probed by this sample, studying the disk fraction as a function of Galactic height. The fraction remains small and constant to |Z|~700pc and then drops, indicating little to no trend with age. Possible explanations for disks around field dMs include (1) collisions of planetary bodies, (2) tidal disruption of planetary bodies, or (3) failed planet formation.2014ApJ...794..146Thttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/794/146CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/AJ/141/97 : SDSS DR7 M dwarfs (West+, 2011)J/AJ/145/52 : Abundances of late K and M dwarfs in binary systems (Mann+, 2013)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/794/146https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/794/146http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/794/146https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/794/146https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/794/146http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/794/146GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/794/146/catalog (Parameters 175 M dwarfs)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/794/146/catalog?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/794/146/catalog?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/794/146/catalog?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true2.644330.149120.0055555555555555565/5721 6/2072 4185 4239 4249 4279 4403 4484 4485 4533 4596 4660 4670 4685 4695 4723 4784 4789 4879 4890 4919 4923 4924 5034 5135 5267 5303 5346 5432 5456 5635 5663 5739 5752 5947 5970 6031 6164 6197 6208 6215 6301 6398 6499 6549 7289 7320 7444 7473 8219 8491 8494 8537 8606 8652 8660 8874 8897 9045 9211 9274 9406 9432 9729 9733 9736 9753 9758 9860 9886 9921 9965 10326 10744 10772 10786 10788 10855 10867 10981 10987 10992 11078 11232 11240 11246 11267 11345 11354 11492 11499 11913 12390 12658 13773 13784 15896 16294 16799 17600 17664 17755 17758 17761 17822 17983 18005 18010 18024 18025 18027 18062 18070 18073 18074 18076 18092 18096 18112 18176 18396 18539 18775 18802 19051 19326 19751 21976 22012 22355 22883 22892 22896 23181 23194 23205 23206 23208 23210 25927 26090 26274 26281 26475 26577 26960 27301 27344 27389 27432 27453 27494 27499 27647 27903 28469 28543 28580 28614 28659 28669 31290 31371 31653 31696 36811 491508.157980699529898e-21 2.1279058820884434e-20https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/794/146?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/794/146/catalogParameters 175 M dwarfsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharW? W velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.zfloatnullableU? U velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.xfloatnullableV? V velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.yfloatnullableSeq[1/175] Sequential number (CATALOG_NUMBER)meta.recordintprimaryobjIDSDSS DR7 objID (SDSS_OBJID)meta.idRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) (RA)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000.0) (DEC)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSpT[0/10] M dwarf spectral type (dM_SpT) (1)src.spTypeintTiO5[0/1.1] TiO5 spectral index (TIO5)spect.indexfloatCaH3[0.4/1] CaH3 spectral index (CAH3)spect.indexfloate_TiO5[0/0.21]?=0 rms uncertainty on TiO5 (TIO5ERR)stat.errorfloatnullablee_CaH3[0/0.17]?=0 rms uncertainty on CaH3 (CAH3ERR)stat.errorfloatnullableDist0[49/1500] Photometric distance, assuming AV=0 (DIST)pcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatAV[0/3.2] A_V_ extinction measurement (2)magphys.absorptionfloate_AV[0/0.6] rms uncertainty on AV (AV_ERR)magstat.errorfloate_Dist[1/117] rms uncertainty on Dist (NEW_DIST_ERR)pcstat.errorfloatDist[49/1600] Extinction corrected photometric distance (NEW_DIST)pcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatRVd[2.1/5.5]?=0 Dust radial velocity (DUSTRV)spect.dopplerVeloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullableYouth[0/1111] Youth flag (YOUTH) (4)meta.codeinte_RVd[0.02/1.93]?=0 rms uncertainty on RVd (DUSTRV_ERR)stat.errorfloatnullable[Fe/H][-5.5/1.4]?=-99 Abundance [Fe/H] (FEH)log(Sun)phys.abund.Fefloatnullablee_[Fe/H]?=-99 rms uncertainty on [Fe/H] (FEH_ERR)log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abund.Fefloatnullable[M/H][-1.1/0.7]?=-99 Abundance [M/H] (MH)log(Sun)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[M/H]?=-99 rms uncertainty on [M/H] (MH_ERR)log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullablecol1[0.7/4.5] Color 1 index (COLOR1) (3)magphot.colorfloatS12[0.2/16] Measured WISE/W3 12um flux density (MEASURED12)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatS12M[0.01/1] Model WISE 12um flux density (PREDICTED12)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatS22[0.9/48] Measured WISE/W4 22um flux density (MEASURED22)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatS22M[0/0.3] Model WISE 22um flux density (PREDICTED22)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloate_RV[1/553]?=-999 rms uncertainty on RV (RV_ERR)km/sstat.errorfloatnullableRV[-137/232] Radial velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.heliocentricfloatTeffM[2400/4000] Model effective temperature of star (MODEL_TEMP)Kphys.temperature.effective;meta.modelledint[M/H]M[-2.5/0] Model [M/H] (MODEL_MH)log(Sun)phys.abund.ZfloatloggM[0.5/6] Model surface gravity (MODEL_LOGG)log(cm.s**-2)phys.gravity;meta.modelledfloatLum[0.0004/0.13] Luminosity (LUMINOSITY)solLumphys.luminositydoublee_Lumrms uncertainty on Luminosity (LUMINOSITY_ERR)solLumstat.errordoubleR[0.07/0.83] Radius (RADIUS)solRadphys.size.radiusfloate_Rrms uncertainty on R (RADIUS_ERR)solRadstat.errorfloatTd[125/325]?=-9999 Disk temperature (DISK_TEMP)Kphys.temperatureintnullableLir[0/1.002] Fractional IR luminosity (FRAC_LUMINOSITY)phys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloatMdDust mass, in moon mass unit (DUST_MASS)phys.massdoubleRd[0.01/1.51] dust radius (DUST_RADIUS)AUpos.distancefloatW8200?=-9 Na 8200 equivalent width (EWNA8200)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablee_W8200?=-9 rms uncertainty on W8200 (EWNA8200ERR)0.1nmstat.errorfloatnullables_W8200[7/80]?=-99 Na 8200 equivalent width S/N (NA8200SNR)stat.snrfloatnullableW7665?=-9 KI 7665 equivalent width (EWKI7665)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablee_W7665?=-9 rms uncertainty on W7665 (EWKI7665ERR)0.1nmstat.errorfloatnullables_W7665?=-999 KI 7665 equivalent width S/N (KI7665SNR)stat.snrfloatnullableW7699?=-9 KI 7699 equivalent width (EWKI7699)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablee_W7699?=-9 rms uncertainty on W7699 (EWKI7699ERR)0.1nmstat.errorfloatnullables_W7699?=-999 KI 7699 equivalent width S/N (KI7699SNR)stat.snrfloatnullableW.KI?=-99 KI total equivalent width (EWKITOT)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablee_W.KI?=-9 rms uncertainty on W.KI (EWKITOTERR)0.1nmstat.errorfloatnullableW.Ha?=-999 H{alpha} equivalent width (HALPHA)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablee_W.Ha?=-999 rms uncertainty on W.Ha (HALPHAERR)0.1nmstat.errorfloatnullables_W.HaH{alpha} equivalent width S/N (HALPHASNR)stat.snrfloatW.CaK?=-99 CaIIK equivalent width (CAIIK)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablee_W.CaK?=-99 rms uncertainty on EWCaIIK (CAIIKERR)0.1nmstat.errorfloatnullables_W.CaK[-2/35] CaIIK equivalent width S/N (CAIIKSNR)stat.snrfloatA.Ha[0/1]?=-9 H{alpha} activity flag (HALPHAACT)meta.codeintnullableA.Ca[0/1]?=-9 CaIIK activity flag (CAIIKACT)meta.codeintnullablee_U?=-9999 rms uncertainty on U (U_ERR)km/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.xfloatnullablee_V?=-9999 rms uncertainty on V (V_ERR)km/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.yfloatnullablee_W?=-9999 rms uncertainty on W (W_ERR)km/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.zfloatnullableQ[1/4] Quality flag, 1=best (QUALITY) (5)meta.code.qual;meta.modelledintW11Details from West catalog (2011, J/AJ/141/97)meta.ref.urlcharSloanDisplay the SDSS data for this sourcemeta.ref.urlchar