J/ApJ/785/162ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/785/162doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17850162CDSChen C.-H.R.Indebetouw R.Muller E.Kawamura A.Gordon K.D.,Sewilo M.Whitney B.A.Fukui Y.Madden S.C.Meade M.R.Meixner M.,Oliveira J.M.Robitaille T.P.Seale J.P.Shiao B.van Loon J.TH.2017-09-26T09:13:50Z2017-06-27T09:52:40ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fryoung-stellar-objectsmagellanic-cloudsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomyWide-band photometrystellar-massesstellar-agesextinctionThe Magellanic Bridge is the nearest low-metallicity, tidally stripped environment, offering a unique high-resolution view of physical conditions in merging and forming galaxies. In this paper, we present an analysis of candidate massive young stellar objects (YSOs), i.e., in situ, current massive star formation (MSF) in the Bridge using Spitzer mid-IR and complementary optical and near-IR photometry. While we definitely find YSOs in the Bridge, the most massive are ~10 M_{sun}_<<45 M_{sun}_ found in the LMC. The intensity of MSF in the Bridge also appears to be decreasing, as the most massive YSOs are less massive than those formed in the past. To investigate environmental effects on MSF, we have compared properties of massive YSOs in the Bridge to those in the LMC. First, YSOs in the Bridge are apparently less embedded than in the LMC: 81% of Bridge YSOs show optical counterparts, compared to only 56% of LMC sources with the same range of mass, circumstellar dust mass, and line-of-sight extinction. Circumstellar envelopes are evidently more porous or clumpy in the Bridge's low-metallicity environment. Second, we have used whole samples of YSOs in the LMC and the Bridge to estimate the probability of finding YSOs at a given H I column density, N(H I). We found that the LMC has ~3xhigher probability than the Bridge for N(H I)>12x10^20^/cm^2^, but the trend reverses at lower N(H I). Investigating whether this lower efficiency relative to H I is due to less efficient molecular cloud formation or to less efficient cloud collapse, or to both, will require sensitive molecular gas observations.2014ApJ...785..162Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/785/162CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/ApJS/101/41 : SMC and Bridge extended catalog (Bica+ 1995)J/A+A/551/A78 : The Magellanic Bridge Catalogue of Stars - MBCSJ/ApJ/795/108 : Stellar populations in the Magellanic bridge (Skowron+, 2014)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/785/162https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/785/162http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/785/162https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/785/162https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/785/162http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/785/162GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/785/162/table12 (Multi-wavelength Photometry for lambda>3 mum (table 1) and lambda<3 mum (table 2) of YSO Candidates Selected from CMD Criteria)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/162/table12?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/162/table12?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/162/table12?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true24.8707917-74.810850.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/785/162/table3 (Inferred Physical Parameters from SED Fits to YSOs)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/162/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/162/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/162/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true27.3117083-73.66227780.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/785/162/table4 (Inferred Physical Parameters from SED Fits to Fainter YSO Candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/162/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/162/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/162/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true24.5442917-73.935250.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/785/162/table5 (Inferred Physical Parameters from SED Fits to HAeBe Candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/162/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/162/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/162/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true24.8610417-73.96747780.0055555555555555565/8239 6/32949 32950 32951 32953 32955 32992 329942.4016587514425055e-21 4.920466254354166e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/785/162?format=asciiInfraredOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/785/162/table12Multi-wavelength Photometry for lambda>3 mum (table 1) and lambda<3 mum (table 2) of YSO Candidates Selected from CMD Criteria24mag? Spitzer/MIPS 24 micron band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSource name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.ss)meta.id;meta.maincharRank[1/60] Ranking of the brightness at 8 micronmeta.code.qualint3.6mag? Spitzer/IRAC 3.6 micron band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_3.6mag? Error in 3.6mag (G1)magstat.errorfloatnullable4.5magSpitzer/IRAC 4.5 micron band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloate_4.5magError in 4.5mag (G1)magstat.errorfloat5.8mag? Spitzer/IRAC 5.8 micron band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_5.8mag? Error in 5.8mag (G1)magstat.errorfloatnullable8.0magSpitzer/IRAC 8.0 micron band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloate_8.0magError in 8.0mag (G1)magstat.errorfloate_24mag? Error in 24mag (G1)magstat.errorfloatnullable70mag? Spitzer/MIPS 70 micron band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umfloatnullablee_70mag? Error in 70mag (G1)magstat.errorfloatnullableClassClassification (G2)src.classcharRemarkRemark (G3)meta.notecharBmag? SSS B band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag? Error in Bmag (G1)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullableRmag? SSS R band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_Rmag? Error in Rmag (G1)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.RfloatnullableImag? SSS I band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_Imag? Error in Imag (G1)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableJmag? 2MASS J band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag? Error in Jmag (G1)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableHmag? 2MASS H band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag? Error in Hmag (G1)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableKsmag? 2MASS K_S_ band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Ksmag? Error in Ksmag (G1)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullable_RAPositions from Name (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Name (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/785/162/table3Inferred Physical Parameters from SED Fits to YSOse_SRError in SRstat.errorfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSource name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.ss)meta.id;meta.mainchar8.0magSpitzer/IRAC 8.0 micron band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatTypeYSO type (G2)src.classcharSRStage range (G4)stat.stdevfloatM*Central stellar masssolMassphys.massfloate_M*Error in M*solMassstat.errorfloatLTotal luminositysolLumphys.luminositydoublee_LError in LsolLumstat.errordoubleMenvEnvelope accretion ratesolMass/yrarith.ratedoublee_MenvError in MenvsolMass/yrstat.errordoubleMdiskDisk masssolRadphys.massdoublee_MdiskError in MdisksolRadstat.errordoubleAgeCentral stellar ageyrtime.agedoublee_AgeError in Ageyrstat.error;time.agedoubleAVForeground extinctionmagphys.absorptionfloate_AVError in AVmagstat.errorfloatIncInclination angledegsrc.orbital.inclination;pos.posAngfloate_IncError in Incdegstat.errorfloat_RAPositions from Name (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Name (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/785/162/table4Inferred Physical Parameters from SED Fits to Fainter YSO CandidatesLTotal luminositysolLumphys.luminosityfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSource name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.ss)meta.id;meta.maincharM*Central stellar masssolMassphys.massfloate_M*? Uncertainty in M* (1)solMassstat.errorfloatnullablee_L? Uncertainty in L (1)solLumstat.errorfloatnullableMenvEnvelope accretion ratesolMass/yrarith.ratefloate_Menv? Uncertainty in Menv (1)solMass/yrstat.errorfloatnullableMdiskDisk masssolMassphys.massfloate_Mdisk? Uncertainty in Mdisk (1)solMassstat.errorfloatnullableSRStage range (G4)stat.stdevfloate_SR? Uncertainty in SR (1)stat.errorfloatnullableAgeCentral stellar ageyrtime.agefloate_Age? Uncertainty in Age (1)yrstat.error;time.agefloatnullableAVForeground extinctionmagphys.absorptionfloate_AV? Uncertainty in AV (1)magstat.errorfloatnullableIncInclination angledegsrc.orbital.inclination;pos.posAngfloate_Inc? Uncertainty in Inc (1)degstat.errorfloatnullable_RAPositions from Name (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Name (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/785/162/table5Inferred Physical Parameters from SED Fits to HAeBe CandidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSource name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.ss)meta.id;meta.maincharM*Central stellar masssolMassphys.massfloate_M*? Uncertainty in M* (1)solMassstat.errorfloatnullableLTotal luminositysolLumphys.luminosityfloate_L? Uncertainty in L (1)solLumstat.errorfloatnullableMenvEnvelope accretion ratesolMass/yrarith.ratefloate_Menv? Uncertainty in Menv (1)solMass/yrstat.errorfloatnullableMdiskDisk masssolMassphys.massfloate_Mdisk? Uncertainty in Mdisk (1)solMassstat.errorfloatnullableSRStage range (G4)stat.stdevfloate_SR? Uncertainty in SR (1)stat.errorfloatnullableAgeCentral stellar ageyrtime.agefloate_Age? Uncertainty in Age (1)yrstat.error;time.agefloatnullableAVForeground extinctionmagphys.absorptionfloate_AV? Uncertainty in AV (1)magstat.errorfloatnullableIncInclination angledegsrc.orbital.inclination;pos.posAngfloate_Inc? Uncertainty in Inc (1)degstat.errorfloatnullable_RAPositions from Name (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Name (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main