J/ApJ/785/159ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/785/159doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17850159CDSMuzic K.Scholz A.Geers V.C.Jayawardhana R.Lopez Marti B.2017-10-16T09:12:51Z2017-06-27T07:47:32ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fryoung-stellar-objectsm-starsstellar-associationsproper-motionsstellar-spectral-typeseffective-temperatureinfrared-photometrySONYC -Substellar Objects in Nearby Young Clusters- is a survey program to investigate the frequency and properties of substellar objects in nearby star-forming regions. We present a new imaging and spectroscopic survey conducted in the young (~1 Myr), nearby (~200 pc) star-forming region Lupus 3. Deep optical and near-infrared images were obtained with MOSAIC-II and NEWFIRM at the CTIO 4 m telescope, covering ~1.4 deg^2^ on the sky. The i-band completeness limit of 20.3 mag is equivalent to 0.009-0.02 M_{sun}_, for A_V_<=5. Photometry and 11-12 yr baseline proper motions were used to select candidate low-mass members of Lupus 3. We performed a spectroscopic follow-up of 123 candidates, using VIMOS at the Very Large Telescope, and we identify 7 probable members, among which 4 have spectral type later than M6.0 and T_eff_<=3000 K, i.e., are probably substellar in nature. Two of the new probable members of Lupus 3 appear underluminous for their spectral class and exhibit emission line spectrum with strong H_{alpha}_ or forbidden lines associated with active accretion. We derive a relation between the spectral type and effective temperature: T_eff_=(4120+/-175)-(172+/-26)xSpT, where SpT refers to the M spectral subtype between 1 and 9. Combining our results with the previous works on Lupus 3, we show that the spectral type distribution is consistent with that in other star-forming regions, as well as the derived star-to-brown dwarf ratio of 2.0-3.3. We compile a census of all spectroscopically confirmed low-mass members with spectral type M0 or later.2014ApJ...785..159Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/785/159CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/A+A/454/595 : X-ray emission of T Tau stars in Lupus 3 (Gondoin, 2006)J/ApJS/177/551 : Spitzer c2d survey of Lupus dark clouds (Merin+, 2008)J/A+A/500/1045 : Cool stars and brown dwarfs in Lupus clouds (Comeron+, 2009)J/ApJ/744/6 : SONYC census of very low-mass objects in NGC1333J/ApJ/744/134 : SONYC new brown dwarfs in {rho} Oph (Muzic+, 2012)J/A+A/561/A2 : 36 accreting YSOs emission lines (Alcala+, 2014)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/785/159https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/785/159http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/785/159https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/785/159https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/785/159http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/785/159GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/785/159/table4 (Spectroscopically Confirmed Very Low Mass Members of Lupus 3)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/159/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/159/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/159/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true241.785625-39.23550.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/785/159/table23 (Photometry and Spectral Types (table 2), Effective Temperature and Extinction Derived from Models (table 3) for the Objects of Spectral Type M, or Slightly Earlier, Identified Toward Lupus 3)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/159/table23?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/159/table23?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/159/table23?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true241.785625-39.23550.0055555555555555566/42609 42610 42611 42612 42614 42615 426177.952274030004205e-20 1.0188844282367877e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/785/159?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/785/159/table4Spectroscopically Confirmed Very Low Mass Members of Lupus 3SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDMember of Lupus 3 identifier (1)meta.code.membercharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainJmag? J-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableKsmag? K_S_-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablel_SpType1[<] Limit flag on SpType1meta.code.errorcharSpType1Spectral type 1src.spTypecharr_SpType1[acdefgh, ] Spectral type 1 reference(s) (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharSpType2Spectral type 2src.spTypecharr_SpType2[cdfgh, ] Spectral type 2 reference(s) (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharSpType3Spectral type 3src.spTypecharr_SpType3[fgh] Spectral type 3 reference (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharSpType4Spectral type 4src.spTypecharr_SpType4[h] Spectral type 4 reference (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharTeff1? Effective temperature 1Kphys.temperature.effectiveintnullabler_Teff1[acgh, ] Effective temperature 1 reference(s) (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharTeff2? Effective temperature 2Kphys.temperature.effectiveintnullabler_Teff2[bh, ] Effective temperature 2 reference(s) (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharTeff3? Effective temperature 3Kphys.temperature.effectiveintnullabler_Teff3[c] Effective temperature 3 reference (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharOtherOther namemeta.id;meta.maincharr_Other[c] Other name reference (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharJ/ApJ/785/159/table23Photometry and Spectral Types (table 2), Effective Temperature and Extinction Derived from Models (table 3) for the Objects of Spectral Type M, or Slightly Earlier, Identified Toward Lupus 3MembCluster membershipmeta.code.membercharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDSONYC candidate identifier (S-NN) (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainimagMOSAIC-II i-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatJmagNEWFIRM J-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatKsmagNEWFIRM K_S_-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatAvAbsorption in V band from photometrymagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatSpTypeSpectral typesrc.spTypecharAvSp? Absorption in V band from spectral typemagphys.absorptionfloatnullablepmRA? Proper motion along RA (pmRA*cosDE)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablee_pmRA? Error on pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablepmDE? Proper motion along DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullablee_pmDE? Error on pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullableCand[yn-] Proper motion candidate (y=yes, n=no)meta.codecharEW? Equivalent width of the H{alpha} line0.1nmspect.line.eqWidth;em.line.Halphafloatnullablen_Memb[2/3] Note on Memb (1)meta.notecharComComment (2)meta.notecharr_Com[abcd, ] Comment reference(s) (3)meta.ref;pos.framecharl_TeffAD[>] Limit flag on TeffADmeta.code.errorcharTeffAD? Effective temperature derived using AMES-Dusty models (Allard et al. 2001ApJ...556..357A)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintnullableAvAD? Absorption in V band corresponding to TeffADmagphys.absorptionfloatnullableTeffBTSEffective temperature derived using BT-Settl models (Allard et al. 2011ASPC..448...91A)Kphys.temperatureintAvBTSAbsorption in V band corresponding to TeffBTSmagphys.absorptionfloatTeff? Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintnullablen_Teff[ab] Note on Teff (4)meta.notecharAvmean? Absorption in V bandmagphys.absorptionfloatnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar