J/ApJ/769/39ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/769/39doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17690039CDSSanders N.E.Soderberg A.M.Foley R.J.Chornock R.Milisavljevic D.,Margutti R.Drout M.R.Moe M.Berger E.Brown W.R.Lunnan R.,Smartt S.J.Fraser M.Kotak R.Magill L.Smith K.W.Wright D.,Huang K.Urata Y.Mulchaey J.S.Rest A.Sand D.J.Chomiuk L.,Friedman A.S.Kirshner R.P.Marion G.H.Tonry J.L.Burgett W.S.,Chambers K.C.Hodapp K.W.Kudritzki R.P.Price P.A.2017-06-30T05:49:06Z2015-01-09T14:10:40ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometrysupernovaeultraviolet-photometryWe report on our discovery and observations of the Pan-STARRS1 supernova (SN) PS1-12sk, a transient with properties that indicate atypical star formation in its host galaxy cluster or pose a challenge to popular progenitor system models for this class of explosion. The optical spectra of PS1-12sk classify it as a Type Ibn SN (SN Ibn; cf. SN 2006jc), dominated by intermediate-width (3x10^3^km/s) and time variable He I emission. Our multi-wavelength monitoring establishes the rise time dt ~9-23 days and shows an NUV-NIR spectral energy distribution with temperature >~17x10^3^K and a peak magnitude of M_z_=-18.88+/-0.02mag. SN Ibn spectroscopic properties are commonly interpreted as the signature of a massive star (17-100M_{sun}_) explosion within an He-enriched circumstellar medium. However, unlike previous SNe Ibn, PS1-12sk is associated with an elliptical brightest cluster galaxy, CGCG 208-042 (z=0.054) in cluster RXC J0844.9+4258. The expected probability of an event like PS1-12sk in such environments is low given the measured infrequency of core-collapse SNe in red-sequence galaxies compounded by the low volumetric rate of SN Ibn. Furthermore, we find no evidence of star formation at the explosion site to sensitive limits ({Sigma}_H{alpha}_<~2x10^-3^M_{sun}_/yr/kpc2). We therefore discuss white dwarf binary systems as a possible progenitor channel for SNe Ibn. We conclude that PS1-12sk represents either a fortuitous and statistically unlikely discovery, evidence for a top-heavy initial mass function in galaxy cluster cooling flow filaments, or the first clue suggesting an alternate progenitor channel for SNe Ibn.2013ApJ...769...39Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/769/39CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/763/42 : 28 SNe (IIn, Ibn or SLSN-I) X-ray emission (Ofek+, 2013)J/ApJ/759/107 : Core-collapse SNe and host galaxies (Kelly+, 2012)J/ApJ/750/99 : The Pan-STARRS1 photometric system (Tonry+, 2012)J/A+A/544/A81 : Supernovae and their hosts in the SDSS DR8 (Hakobyan+, 2012)J/MNRAS/416/3138 : SN 2009jf light curves (Valenti+, 2011)J/MNRAS/412/1441 : SNe luminosity functions (Li+, 2011)J/MNRAS/412/1419 : Nearby supernova rates (Leaman+, 2011)J/ApJ/741/97 : Light curves of Ibc supernovae (Drout+, 2011)J/AJ/137/4517 : UVOT light curves of supernovae (Brown+, 2009)J/ApJ/706/599 : H{alpha} and UV SFR in the local volume (Lee+, 2009)J/ApJ/687/1201 : SN and LGRB locations in their host galaxies (Kelly+, 2008)J/MNRAS/383/1485 : BVRI light curves of SN 2003jd (Valenti+, 2008)J/ApJ/689/377 : NIR standard candles from PAIRITEL SN Ia (Wood-Vasey+, 2008)J/ApJ/666/674 : ESSENCE supernova survey (Miknaitis+, 2007)J/AJ/133/403 : Light curve of 11 type Ia supernovae (Garg+, 2007)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/769/39https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/769/39http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/769/39https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/769/39https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/769/39http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/769/39GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapUVOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/769/39/table1PS1-12sk optical/NIR photometryrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJDModified Julian Date of observationdtime.epochfloatFiltFilter used in the observation (u-z, U-W2, J-K)instr.setup;obscharl_magThe 3{sigma} upper limit flag on magmeta.code.errorcharmag[17.6/23.1] Observed AB magnitude in Filtmagphot.magfloate_mag[0.01/0.4]? The 1{sigma} uncertainty in magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableInstInstrument used in the observation (PS1, RATCam, Swift, PAIRITEL, CFHT)instr.setup;obschar