J/AJ/170/122ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/170/122CDSPeck A.E.Nielsen E.L.De Rosa R.J.Thompson W.Macintosh B.,Roberson W.Smith A.J.R.W.Klusmeyer J.Abbas A.Jackiewicz J.,Holtzman J.Gallamore H.Brinjikji M.Patience J.Nguyen J.S.,Madurowicz A.Savransky D.2026-06-17T08:36:59Z2026-06-17T09:05:03ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsmultiple-starsline-intensitiesstellar-agesstellar-activityphotometryvisible-astronomyDirectly imaged substellar companions with well-constrained ages and masses serve as vital empirical benchmarks for planet formation and evolution models. Potential benchmark companions can be identified from astrometric accelerations of their host stars. We use Gaia DR3 and Hipparcos astrometry to identify 166 northern hemisphere stars with astrometric accelerations consistent with a substellar companion between 0.5" and 1". For this accelerating sample we identify young stars using Apache Point Observatory/ARCES spectra and TESS light curves. From spectroscopic screening of the sample, we measure ages for 24 stars with detectable amounts of lithium, place lower age limits on 135 stars with lithium nondetections, and measure ages from R'_HK_ for 34 stars. A total of 129 stars have TESS light curves, from which we measure ages for 20 stars with rotation rates <15days, and we identify three eclipsing binaries. We present median ages and confidence intervals of age posteriors for the entire sample and discuss how the overall age distribution of our sample compares to a uniform star formation rate in the solar neighborhood. We identify 47 stars with median ages <2Gyr, 31 stars with median ages <1Gyr, and 14 stars with median ages <0.5Gyr, making them high-priority targets for direct imaging follow-up.2025AJ....170..122Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/170/122CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/wds : The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog (Mason+ 2001-)B/sb9 : SB9: 9th Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (Pourbaix+ 2004-2014)III/159A : Ca II H and K Measurements Made at MWO (Duncan+ 1991)I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)V/122 : SB9: 9th Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (Pourbaix+ 2005)J/AJ/105/2299 : Li abundance of solar-type stars. II. (Soderblom+, 1993)J/AJ/126/2048 : NStars project: the Northern Sample. I. (Gray+, 2003)J/ApJS/152/261 : Chromospheric Ca II emission in nearby stars (Wright+, 2004)J/PASJ/57/45 : Lithium abundances of F-K stars (Takeda+, 2005)J/AJ/133/2524 : Spectra of young nearby stars (White+, 2007)J/A+A/484/815 : Scaled solar tracks and isochrones (Bertelli+, 2008)J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)J/A+A/508/355 : Scaled solar tracks and isochrones (Bertelli+, 2009)J/A+A/504/829 : Spectroscopic survey of youngest field stars (Guillout+, 2009)J/A+A/530/A138 : Geneva-Copenhagen survey re-analysis (Casagrande+, 2011)J/MNRAS/432/1203 : Rotation periods of M-dwarf stars (McQuillan+, 2013)J/A+A/551/L8 : Chromospheric activity of field stars (Pace, 2013)J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors and temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)J/MNRAS/454/593 : Young moving groups in solar neighbourhood (Bell+, 2015)J/other/Sci/350.64 : 51 Eri b near-infrared spectrum (Macintosh+, 2015)J/MNRAS/458/2307 : gamma Dor stars spect. survey (Kahraman Alicavus+, 2016)J/ApJ/856/23 : BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN {Sigma} algorithm (Gagne+, 2018)J/AJ/158/13 : The first 300 stars observed by the GPIES (Nielsen+, 2019)J/ApJS/244/21 : Surface rotation & activity of Kepler stars. I. (Santos+, 2019)J/ApJ/903/99 : Stellar spins in the open cluster NGC 2516 (Healy+, 2020)J/ApJ/898/27 : Bayesian Ages For Field LowEr-mass Stars (Stanford-Moore+, 2020)J/ApJS/254/42 : Hipparcos-Gaia (EDR3) Catalog of Accelerations (Brandt, 2021)J/AJ/162/147 : Rot. periods of 43 TOIs with Evryscope and TESS (Howard+, 2021)J/A+A/654/A137 : Evolution of Li in FGK dwarf stars (Llorente de Andres+, 2021)J/ApJS/255/17 : Surface rot. & activity for Kepler stars. II. (Santos+, 2021)J/ApJS/258/16 : TESS Eclipsing Binary stars. I. Sectors 1-26 (Prsa+, 2022)J/AJ/165/39 : CHARIS and SPHERE/IFS IR spectra of HIP 21152 (Franson+, 2023)J/A+A/672/A119 : 10 double-lined spectroscopic binaries data (Gallenne+, 2023)J/A+A/672/A93 : AF Lep b spectrum (Mesa+, 2023)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/170/122https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/170/122http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/170/122https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/170/122https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/170/122http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/170/122GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/170/122/table3 (Complete accelerating stars with age posteriors and age tracers used)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/170/122/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/170/122/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/170/122/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.45562521.46250280.0055555555555555566/571 1571 2062 2102 2138 2227 2254 2409 2622 2816 2956 3405 3468 3768 3821 3914 3920 4051 4555 4595 4661 5209 5258 5402 5597 5730 5733 5777 5992 6249 6476 6776 6783 6830 7038 7235 7391 7417 7525 7551 7589 7958 8820 8879 8902 8962 9145 9436 9620 10325 10389 10550 10690 10944 10978 11025 11028 11458 11471 12001 12282 13620 14293 14982 15714 16314 16856 16984 17001 17030 17161 17177 17199 17255 17523 17657 17664 17787 17812 17953 18056 18161 18442 18471 18671 19063 19187 19507 19523 19614 19738 19780 20227 20377 21063 21089 21518 21765 21971 22610 22976 23344 23383 23442 23489 23496 23547 23582 24115 24793 25003 25064 25140 25170-25171 25464 25786 25810 25852 26134 26184 26281 26525 26538 26752 27056 27150 27207 27266 27299 27383 27514 27598 28073 28909 29036 29371 29493 30016 30056 30141 30198 30958 31009 32161 36082 36139 36195 36421 36665 36817 40643 40704 40880 40893 44005 44401 44455 44459 44655 44668 45032 48606 48710 48915 489751.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/170/122?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/170/122/table3Complete accelerating stars with age posteriors and age tracers usedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint[HIP][HIP] Link to the Hipparcos-Gaia Catalog of Accelerations (Brandt+2021, J/ApJS/254/42)meta.id.part;meta.maincharHIP[143/118310] Hipparcos (I/311) identifier of targetmeta.id;meta.mainintprimaryRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainGmag[2/12.1] Gaia DR3 G-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optfloate_Gmag[1e-4/0.01] Uncertainty in Gmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.optfloatB-V[0.04/1.63] Adopted B-V color excessmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchare_B-V[0.001/0.2] Uncertainty in B-Vmagstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.BfloatSpTypeSimbad spectral typesrc.spTypecharDist[14.37/49.78] Distance from Simbad (4)pcpos.distancefloate_Dist[0.01/1.33] Uncertainty in Distpcstat.errorfloatTracersAge tracers (1)meta.notecharl_Age[<=>] Limit flag on Agemeta.code.error;time.agecharAge[119/9477]? Median AgeMyrtime.age;stat.medianfloatnullablel_AgeInt1[<=>] Limit flag for AgeInt1 (2)meta.code.error;time.age;time.intervalcharAgeInt1[58.6/6862.5] Age Interval -- 68% confidence interval or 95% lower limit (2)Myrtime.age;time.intervalfloatAgeInt2[206/11766]? Age Interval -- 68% confidence interval (2)Myrtime.age;time.intervaldoublenullablel_AgeInt3[<=>] Limit flag for AgeInt3 (3)meta.code.error;time.age;time.intervalcharAgeInt3[17.4/4396.2] Age Interval -- 95% confidence interval or 99.7% lower limit (3)Myrtime.age;time.intervalfloatAgeInt4[300/12807.2]? Age Interval -- 95% confidence interval (3)Myrtime.age;time.intervaldoublenullableJ/AJ/170/122/table4Lithium equivalent width measurementsHIP[143/118310] Hipparcos (I/311) identifier of targetmeta.id;meta.mainintprimaryAgeLim1[62.8/1551.1]? Age lower limitMyrtime.age;stat.minfloatnullablel_AgeLim2[<=>] Limit flag on AgeLim2meta.code.error;time.agecharAgeLim2[619/4260]? 95% Age lower limitMyrtime.age;stat.minfloatnullablel_AgeLim3[<=>] Limit flag on AgeLim3meta.code.error;time.agecharAgeLim3[4144/8277]? 68% Age lower limitMyrtime.age;stat.minfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint[HIP][HIP] Link to the Hipparcos-Gaia Catalog of Accelerations (Brandt+2021, J/ApJS/254/42)meta.id.part;meta.maincharB-V[0.04/1.63] Adopted B-V color excessmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Vfloate_B-V[0.001/0.2] Uncertainty in B-Vmagstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.Bfloatl_EWLi[<=>] Limit flag on EWLimeta.code.error;spect.line.eqWidthcharEWLi[1.63/125.14] Equivalent width, Li1e-13mspect.line.eqWidthfloate_EWLi[1.22/10.51]? Uncertainty in EWLi1e-13mstat.errorfloatnullableAge[173.8/9441]? BAFFLES median AgeMyrtime.age;stat.medianfloatnullableAgeInt1[96.8/5780]? Age Interval -- 68% confidence intervalMyrtime.intervalfloatnullableAgeInt2[252.4/11966]? Age Interval -- 68% confidence intervalMyrtime.intervaldoublenullableAgeInt3[31.2/2460]? Age Interval -- 95% confidence intervalMyrtime.intervalfloatnullableAgeInt4[327/12856]? Age Interval -- 95% confidence intervalMyrtime.intervaldoublenullablel_AgeLim1[<=>] Limit flag on AgeLim1meta.code.error;time.agecharJ/AJ/170/122/table5Measured activity indicesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint[HIP][HIP] Link to the Hipparcos-Gaia Catalog of Accelerations (Brandt+2021, J/ApJS/254/42)meta.id.part;meta.maincharHIP[143/118310] Hipparcos (I/311) identifier of targetmeta.id;meta.mainintprimarySHK[0.05/4.53] Mt. Wilson S_HK_ indexspect.indexfloatlogRHK[-5.23/-3.11] Log R'_HK_, the color- and photospheric-corrected SHK valuephot.flux;arith.ratiofloatB-V[0.04/1.7] Adopted B-V color excessmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Vfloate_B-V[0.001/0.2] Uncertainty in B-Vmagstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.BfloatAge[3335/8918]? BAFFLES median Age from log(R'_HK_)Myrtime.age;stat.medianfloatnullableAgeInt1[1782/5674]? Age Interval -- 68% confidence intervalMyrtime.intervalfloatnullableAgeInt2[6529/11624]? Age Interval -- 68% confidence intervalMyrtime.intervaldoublenullableAgeInt3[789/2818]? Age Interval -- 95% confidence intervalMyrtime.intervalfloatnullableAgeInt4[11322/12795]? Age Interval -- 95% confidence intervalMyrtime.intervaldoublenullableJ/AJ/170/122/table6Rotation period measurementsHIP[143/118310] Hipparcos (I/311) identifier of targetmeta.id;meta.mainintprimaryrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint[HIP][HIP] Link to the Hipparcos-Gaia Catalog of Accelerations (Brandt+2021, J/ApJS/254/42)meta.id.part;meta.maincharTeff[3363/8718] Surface effective temperature from gyro-interpKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_Teff[45/670] Uncertainty in TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintProt[2.53/10.33]? Measured rotational perioddtime.periodfloatnullablee_Prot[0.11/2.02]? Uncertainty in Protdstat.error;time.periodfloatnullablef_ProtFlag on Prot (1)meta.code.error;time.periodcharAge[95.6/913.9]? Median Age from gyro-interpMyrtime.age;stat.medianfloatnullableAgeInt1[30.09/563.46]? Age Interval -- 68% confidence intervalMyrtime.intervalfloatnullableAgeInt2[263.8/1914.7]? Age Interval -- 68% confidence intervalMyrtime.intervalfloatnullableAgeInt3[5.16/276.7]? Age Interval -- 95% confidence intervalMyrtime.intervalfloatnullableAgeInt4[419.9/2693.7]? Age Interval -- 95% confidence intervalMyrtime.intervalfloatnullable