J/AJ/168/240ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/168/240CDSLubin D.Holden B.P.Stock C.Melis C.Tytler D.2025-08-01T08:20:05Z2025-07-08T15:57:43ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frvisible-astronomyspectroscopyg-starsline-intensitieschemical-abundancesWe measured lithium (Li) abundance and instantaneous chromospheric Ca_II_ HK activity in Hamilton Echelle Spectrograph observations of 211 solar analog field stars, with one objective being potential identification of grand minimum candidates for ongoing multiyear observation. At the zero-age main sequence, Li abundance for a typical late-type dwarf begins at the local interstellar medium abundance and over the main sequence lifetime is steadily depleted by convection at a rate dependent on details of the star's convection and mixing processes. Our Li abundance measurements show an overall decrease in Li abundance with age and effective temperature, consistent with earlier surveys. In our activity measurements, 41 stars show logR'_HK_<=-5.0, which can be considered very inactive. Of the very inactive stars closest to solar effective temperature, 24 show Li abundances within the range typically observed for midlife Sun-like stars. Another three show very low Li abundance, which, combined with the low activity, suggest an older main sequence star or a slightly evolved star. We suggest that the combination of relatively undepleted Li and instantaneous very low activity might make these stars promising candidates for long time-series observations to determine if they are in a grand minimum state. The Hamilton Echelle Spectrograph observations are publicly available for download and are potentially useful for a variety of survey tasks involving Sun-like stars.2024AJ....168..240Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/168/240CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIII/159 : Ca II H and K Measurements Made at MWO (Duncan+ 1991)I/239 : The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues (ESA 1997)I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)V/130 : Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhood III (Holmberg+, 2009)J/AJ/106/1059 : Lithium in the Pleiades (Soderblom+, 1993)J/AJ/111/439 : Chromospheric emission in late-type stars. (Henry+ 1996)J/ApJS/152/261 : Chromospheric Ca II emission in nearby stars (Wright+, 2004)J/ApJS/159/141 : Spectroscopic properties of cool stars. I. (Valenti+, 2005)J/A+A/468/663 : Li abundances in solar-analog stars (Takeda+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2524 : Spectra of young nearby stars (White+, 2007)J/A+A/484/815 : Scaled solar tracks and isochrones (Bertelli+, 2008)J/A+A/508/355 : Scaled solar tracks and isochrones (Bertelli+, 2009)J/A+A/501/687 : Evolutionary models for solar twins (do Nascimento+, 2009)J/AJ/138/312 : Activity of bright solar analogs (Hall+, 2009)J/ApJ/725/875 : Chromospheric activity for CPS stars (Isaacson+, 2010)J/A+A/530/A138 : Geneva-Copenhagen survey re-analysis (Casagrande+, 2011)J/A+A/545/A55 : Extrasolar planets. RVs of 5 stars (Boisse+, 2012)J/ApJ/749/15 : The Kepler-20 planetary system (Gautier+, 2012)J/ApJ/756/46 : Lithium abundances in HIP stars (Ramirez+, 2012)J/ApJ/763/L26 : SMARTS observations of eps Eridani (Metcalfe+, 2013)J/AJ/146/97 : Ti line list for Lick hallow-cathode lamp (Pakhomov+, 2013)J/ApJ/831/116 : Phot. & spectroscopy of PMS stars in NGC 2264 (Lim+, 2016)J/ApJ/817/104 : Keck/HIRES radial velocity obs. of HD32963 (Rowan+, 2016)J/ApJ/920/100 : Reconstruction of solar irradiance: 1700 to 2019 (Wang+, 2021)J/AJ/163/183 : S-value for 59 Sun-like stars with HIRES and HKP (Baum+, 2022)J/ApJ/936/L23 : T4 APT photometry of HD 166620 (Luhn+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/168/240https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/168/240http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/168/240https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/168/240https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/168/240http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/168/240GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/168/240/table1 (Observational results for the 211 program stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/168/240/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/168/240/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/168/240/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true3.118058620.23434830.0055555555555555566/222 322 414 634 742 758 918 1028 1355 1531 1657 1711 1932 2032 2072 2144 2222 2287 2418 2491 2497 2919 2961 3121 3307 3350 3691 4128 4147 4313 4377 4416 4528 4611 4665 4867 4912 4982 4993 5074 5095 5135 5143 5245 5263 5522 5677 5726 5872 5878 5929-5930 6052 6269 6308 6325 6523 6612 6705 6790 6852 6932 6971 7029 7052 7091 7217 7241 7299 7326 8286 8398 8433 8450 8617 8723 8792 8863 9112 9114 9404 9443 9492 9805 10061 10235 10400 10521 10718 11014 11345 11946 12341 12477 12556 12579 12644 12922 13101 13414 13772 13791 14129 14140 14342 14347 14662 14948 15007 15030 15174 17218 17266 17944 17970 18366 18373 18696 18921 19291 19424 19470 19488 19796 19808 19830 19884 20006 20073 20200 20983 21580 21784 21838 21940 22111 22159 22237 22313 22397 22692 22866 22868 22887 22971 22990 23123 23141 23150 23513 23529 23583 23787 23873 23893 23932 23943 23968 24019 24027 24099 24273 24297 24299 24312 24373 25435 25793 25906 26521 26647 26652 26764 26796 26809 26888 26906 26942 27192 27254 27334 27556 27592 27616 27690 27750 27757 27777 27820 27907 27910 28031 28268 28318 28342 28362 28617 30660 31287 31471 31945 32032 32367 32422 32617 39706 40893 40921 40932https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/168/240?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/168/240/table1Observational results for the 211 program starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHD[804/224465] HD identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintDateDate of Lick observation (1)'Y:M:D'time.epochnullableageEP[1.24/10.1] Expectation age from Casagrande+ 2015, J/A+A/530/A138Gyrtime.agefloatC05Display data from Casagrande+ 2005, J/A+A/530/A138 within 3"meta.ref.urlcharS[0.13/0.59] S units (2)phot.flux;arith.ratiofloatlogRHK[-5.2/-4.1] Log(R'_HK_) activity index (3)phot.flux;arith.ratiofloatEWLi[3.8/118]? Equivalent width of Li 6708{AA} line, W_{lambda}_(Li) in m{AA}0.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablel_logNLiUpper limit flag on logNlimeta.code.error;phys.abundcharlogNLi[0.4/3] Li abundance as Log(N_Li_)phys.abundfloatEWbl[0/15]? Equivalent width of the blended line near Li 6708{AA} line, W_{lambda}_(BL) in m{AA}0.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullableEWFeI[20/54] Equivalent width of FeI 6703{AA} line, W_{lambda}_(FeI) in m{AA}0.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatEWCaI[89/161] Equivalent width of CaI 6717{AA} line, W_{lambda}_(CaI) in m{AA}0.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatvsini[1/16] Projected rotational velocity v.sin(i)km/sphys.veloc.rotatintW04Display data from Wright+ 2024, J/ApJS/152/261 within 3"meta.ref.urlintnullableI10Display data from Isaacson+ 2010, J/ApJ/725/875 within 3"meta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main