J/AJ/165/164ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/165/164CDSBowler B.P.Tran Q.H.Zhang Z.Morgan M.Ashok K.B.Blunt S.,Bryan M.L.Evans A.E.Franson K.Huber D.Nagpal V.Wu Y.-L.,Zhou Y.2024-07-09T07:43:47Z2023-09-19T06:27:28ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frbrown-dwarfsexoplanetsvisible-astronomyspectroscopyinfrared-astronomyradial-velocityThe orientation between a star's spin axis and a planet's orbital plane provides valuable information about the system's formation and dynamical history. For non-transiting planets at wide separations, true stellar obliquities are challenging to measure, but lower limits on spin-orbit orientations can be determined from the difference between the inclination of the star's rotational axis and the companion's orbital plane ({Delta}i). We present results of a uniform analysis of rotation periods, stellar inclinations, and obliquities of cool stars (SpT>~F5) hosting directly imaged planets and brown dwarf companions. As part of this effort, we have acquired new vsini* values for 22 host stars with the high-resolution Tull spectrograph at the Harlan J. Smith telescope. Altogether our sample contains 62 host stars with rotation periods, most of which are newly measured using light curves from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. Among these, 53 stars have inclinations determined from projected rotational and equatorial velocities, and 21 stars predominantly hosting brown dwarfs have constraints on {Delta}i. Eleven of these (52_-11_^+10^% of the sample) are likely misaligned, while the remaining 10 host stars are consistent with spin- orbit alignment. As an ensemble, the minimum obliquity distribution between 10 and 250au is more consistent with a mixture of isotropic and aligned systems than either extreme scenario alone-pointing to direct cloud collapse, formation within disks bearing primordial alignments and misalignments, or architectures processed by dynamical evolution. This contrasts with stars hosting directly imaged planets, which show a preference for low obliquities. These results reinforce an emerging distinction between the orbits of long- period brown dwarfs and giant planets in terms of their stellar obliquities and orbital eccentricities.2023AJ....165..164Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/165/164CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)I/347 : Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia DR2 (Bailer-Jones+, 2018)IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)II/366 : ASAS-SN catalog of variable stars (Jayasinghe+, 2018-2020)III/284 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Johnsson+, 2020)I/352 : Distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia EDR3 (Bailer-Jones+, 2021)V/117 : Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhood (Holmberg+, 2007)J/ApJS/99/135 : Rotation and Spectral Peculiarities (Abt+ 1995)J/ApJ/457/L99 : 25yr CaII-HK observations F-K nearby stars (Baliunas+, 1996)J/ApJ/508/397 : H-band Spectral Standards (Meyer+ 1998)J/A+AS/140/29 : Photo monitoring of 47 late-type stars (Strassmeier+, 1999)J/A+A/384/491 : Fast-rotating nearby solartype stars I (Cutispoto+, 2002-03)J/A+AS/142/275 : Stellar activity of late-type stars (Strassmeier+ 2000)J/A+A/393/897 : Rotational velocities of A-type stars II. 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RVel & rotation of low-mass stars (Malo+, 2014)J/MNRAS/444/3517 : BCool survey of solar-type stars (Marsden+ 2014)J/ApJS/216/7 : Planets Around Low-Mass Stars (PALMS). IV. (Bowler+, 2015)J/other/Sci/350.64 : 51 Eri b near-infrared spectrum (Macintosh+, 2015)J/A+A/583/A65 : Active Kepler stars differential rotation (Reinhold+, 2015)J/ApJS/225/32 : Extended abundance analysis of cool stars (Brewer+, 2016)J/ApJ/822/97 : Rot-Activity Correlations K-M dwarfs. I. (Houdebine+, 2016)J/ApJ/821/93 : Rotation & Galactic kinematics mid Mdwarfs (Newton+, 2016)J/A+A/592/A156 : The Solar Twin Planet Search. IV. (dos Santos+, 2016)J/ApJ/844/102 : KIC star plxs from asteroseismology vs Gaia (Huber+, 2017)J/AJ/153/21 : Abundances in local region II. F, G, & Kdwarfs (Luck+, 2017)J/ApJ/844/66 : The Sco-Cen Rotation Catalogue - SCRC (Mellon+ 2017)J/AJ/154/107 : California-Kepler Survey. I. 1305 stars (Petigura+, 2017)J/ApJ/848/97 : Young stellar variables KELT for K2. I. (Rodriguez+, 2017)J/ApJS/234/1 : Cat of M, L, & T dwarfs from PS1 3{pi} Survey (Best+, 2018)J/AJ/155/159 : RVs of the late-T dwarf GL 758 B host star (Bowler+, 2018)J/MNRAS/475/1960 : ESPaDOnS spectropolarimeter obs. of M dwarfs (Fouque+, 2018)J/A+A/612/A96 : Spectro survey of youngest field stars II. (Frasca+, 2018)J/AJ/156/140 : 4 eclipsing mid M-dwarf systems from MEarth (Irwin+, 2018)J/A+A/614/A76 : CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. III. (Jeffers+, 2018)J/AJ/155/180 : Catalog of cool dwarf targets for the TESS (Muirhead+, 2018)J/AJ/155/39 : Variability properties of TIC with KELT (Oelkers+, 2018)J/AJ/155/196 : Analysis of K2 LC members of USco & {rho}Oph (Rebull+, 2018)J/AJ/155/109 : Young bin Ophiuchus&Upper Centaurus-Lupus (Schaefer+, 2018)J/A+A/615/A76 : Spectroscopic parameters of stars. I. (Soto+, 2018)J/A+A/616/A7 : Gaia DR2 radial velocity std stars catalog (Soubiran+, 2018)J/AJ/156/102 : TESS Input Catalog & Candidate Target List (Stassun+, 2018)J/A+A/629/A80 : ESPRESSO blind RV exoplanet survey cat (Hojjatpanah+, 2019)J/A+A/631/A125 : 54 massive companions detected with SOPHIE (Kiefer+, 2019)J/AJ/157/196 : Close companions around young stars (Kounkel+, 2019)J/ApJ/879/105 : Teff temperatures of low-mass stars (Lopez-Valdivia+, 2019)J/A+A/624/A118 : Fitted orbits and parameters of 51 Eridani b (Maire+, 2019)J/AJ/158/13 : The first 300 stars observed by the GPIES (Nielsen+, 2019)J/AJ/157/71 : Keck/NIRC2 astrometry for GSC 6214-210 b (Pearce+, 2019)J/A+A/625/A68 : Radii and masses of the CARMENES targets (Schweitzer+, 2019)J/A+A/627/A28 : beta Pic BRITE, bRing, SMEI light curves (Zwintz+, 2019)J/MNRAS/492/431 : Planetary-mass companion to a solar-type star (Bohn+, 2020)J/AJ/159/63 : New AO obs. of exoplanets & brown dwarf comp (Bowler+, 2020)J/ApJS/250/20 : Rot periods in TESS objects of interest (Canto+, 2020)J/ApJS/249/18 : The ZTF catalog of periodic variable stars (Chen+, 2020)J/A+A/639/A47 : SPHERE and NaCo images of HD 19467B (Maire+, 2020)J/ApJ/898/119 : Keck HIRES spectra analyzed with The Cannon (Rice+, 2020)J/A+A/634/A136 : Chemical sulfur abundances of FGKstars (Costa Silva+, 2020)J/AJ/161/42 : Volume-limited cool dwarfs. I. L0-T8 dwarfs (Best+, 2021)J/A+A/648/A73 : Discovery of directly imaged planet YSES 2b (Bohn+, 2021)J/AJ/161/179 : Predicted positions of {beta}Pictoris b & c (Brandt+, 2021)J/A+A/651/A11 : SOPHIE radial velocities of 27 F/G stars (Dalal+, 2021)J/A+A/650/A39 : SOPHIE and HARPS Young Nearby Stars - YNS (Grandjean+ 2021)J/A+A/654/A168 : Convective blueshifts for solar-type stars (Liebing+, 2021)J/AJ/161/68 : Obliquities of 150 hot Kepler hosting stars (Louden+, 2021)J/A+A/653/A98 : asPIC1.1 catalogue (Montalto+, 2021)J/AJ/162/290 : OSIRIS Kband spectra planets HR8799b, c, & d (Ruffio+, 2021)J/A+A/647/A49 : Chemical analysis early-type star with planet (Saffe+, 2021)J/A+A/645/A100 : SPECULOOS. Ultracool dwarf transit survey (Sebastian+, 2021)J/A+A/654/A118 : Vanadium measurements for 135 M dwarfs (Shan+, 2021)J/A+A/645/A30 : SB updated census in SACY sample (Zuniga-Fernandez+, 2021)J/AJ/163/183 : Svalue for 59 Sun-like starswith HIRES and HKP (Baum+, 2022)J/ApJS/262/21 : 3-D selection of 167 sub-stellar companions (Feng+, 2022)J/A+A/662/A41 : Magnetic fields in 292 M dwarfs. (Reiners+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/165/164https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/165/164http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/165/164https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/165/164https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/165/164http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/165/164GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/165/164/table2 (Host star properties)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/165/164/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/165/164/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/165/164/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true55.632597512.27291110.0055555555555555566/265 1029 1063 1075-1076 1873 2354 5377 5413 5659 5854 6766 8995 9534 9597 12592 12944 13122 15530 17274 18209 18866 19782 19912 19938 20381 20505 20896 22773 25055 25966 26521 26533 26555 28018 34909 34920 35268 35814 36418 36635 36778 37041 37209 38359 38786 39044 40488 41139 41666 42714 42980-42981 43086 43415 44078 44311 44365 44369 44378 45108 47287https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/165/164?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/165/164/table2Host star propertiesRstar[0.164/1.7] Host radius, solar unitssolRadmeta.unit;phys.size.radiusfloatr_RstarReference for Rstarmeta.ref;pos.framechare_Rstar[0.005/0.2] Uncertainty in Rstar (4)solRadstat.errorfloatvsini[1.3/75]? Projected rotational velocitykm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatnullablee_vsini[0.05/11]? Uncertainty in vsinikm/sstat.error;phys.veloc.rotatfloatnullableveq[0.648/140] Equatorial rotational velocitieskm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloate_veq[0.11/30] Uncertainty in veqkm/sstat.errorfloat_RAPosition from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryf_NameFlag on Name (1)meta.codecharSpT1Host spectral typesrc.spTypecharSpT2Companion spectral typesrc.spTypecharDiscDiscovery Referencemeta.bibcharSep[10/9708]? Separationaupos.angDistanceintnullableTESSTESS Sectors analyzedobs.fieldcharf_TESSFlag on TESS (2)meta.codecharProt[0.08/44] Rotational period, daysdtime.periodfloate_Prot[0.0008/7] Uncertainty in Prot (3)dstat.errorfloatr_ProtReference for Protmeta.ref;pos.framecharJ/AJ/165/164/table1Tull Spectrograph radial velocities and projected rotational velocitiesNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintObs[2019/2022] Observation year, UTtime.epoch;obsTexp[45/1200] Exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintRVel[-27.7/35]? Radial Velocitym/sspect.dopplerVelocfloatnullablee_RVel[0.2/4]? Uncertainty in RVelm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocfloatnullablevsini[3.1/183] Projected rotational velocitykm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloate_vsini[0.2/35] Uncertainty in vsinikm/sstat.error;phys.veloc.rotatfloatStdStandard or Modelmeta.notecharSpTSpectral typesrc.spTypecharTeff[3400/10800]? Effevtive temperatureKphys.temperatureintnullableJ/AJ/165/164/table3Stellar inclinations and minimum obliquitiesNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharB_i[6.6/90] Upper bound on i, 94.5% Confidence Intervaldegstat.fit.paramfloatmedio[5.5/151]? med iodegsrc.orbital.inclination;stat.medianfloatnullableE_medio[0.16/23.1]? Upper uncertainty on mediodegstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablee_medio[0.16/19.8]? Lower uncertainty on mediodegstat.errorfloatnullablef_medioFlag on med-io (2)meta.codecharr_medioReference for med-io (3)meta.ref;pos.framecharE_meddi[4.1/44.3]? Upper uncertainty on meddidegstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablee_meddi[9/82.7]? Lower uncertainty on meddidegstat.errorfloatnullableb_di[0/52.6]? Lower bound on di, 94.5% Confidence Intervaldegstat.fit.paramfloatnullableB_di[24/141]? Upper bound on di, 94.5% Confidence Intervaldegstat.fit.paramfloatnullableProb[0.561/1]? Prob, di>10degstat.probabilityfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordinti[3.7/90] Inclination with Maximum a posteriori probabilitydegsrc.orbital.inclination;stat.maxfloatf_iFlag on i (1)meta.codecharmedi[3.8/85.9] Median stellar inclinationdegsrc.orbital.inclination;stat.medianfloatE_medi[0.7/25.9] Upper uncertainty on medidegstat.error;stat.maxfloate_medi[0.9/21.2] Lower uncertainty on medidegstat.errorfloatb_i[1.1/78.1] Lower bound on i, 94.5% Confidence Intervaldegstat.fit.paramfloatMis?Misaligned? (4)meta.notechardi[0/121]? Inclination difference with Maximum a posteriori probabilitydegarith.diff;src.orbital.inclination;stat.maxfloatnullablemeddi[9.2/97.3]? Median inclination differencedegsrc.orbital.inclination;stat.medianfloatnullableJ/AJ/165/164/table4Adopted projected rotational velocitiesNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintvsini[0.1/95] Projected rotational velocitykm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloate_vsini[0.04/13]? Uncertainty in vsinikm/sstat.error;phys.veloc.rotatfloatnullabler_vsini[1/89] Reference for vsinimeta.refintSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableJ/AJ/165/164/refs2References used for table2recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRef[1/98] Reference codemeta.noteintAuthorMain authormeta.bib.authorcharBIBBIBcodemeta.bib.bibcodecharCat.Catalog in VizieRmeta.notecharNoteAdditional notemeta.notecharJ/AJ/165/164/refs4References used for table4recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRef[1/89] Reference codemeta.noteintBIBBIBcodemeta.bib.bibcodecharCat.Catalog in VizieRmeta.notecharNoteAdditional Notemeta.notechar