J/AJ/165/135ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/165/135CDSThomas S.J.Rodgers B.van der Bliek N.S.Doppmann G.Bouvier J.,Salvo C.A.Beuzit J.-L.Rigaut F.2023-12-20T08:49:13Z2023-11-17T09:29:42ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsbe-starsinfrared-photometryastrometryeffective-temperatureAlthough the majority of Herbig Ae/Be (HAEBE) stars are likely multiple systems, relatively few multiples have been identified. We aim to create a statistically significant survey of HAEBE multiplicity as a function of stellar mass, to shed light on mixed-mass star formation. Two independent adaptive optics IR imaging surveys were conducted, between 1993 and 2007. A total of 143 stars were observed, including 126 HAEBE stars. These surveys are significantly more sensitive than previous imaging work and, combined with accurate distance and proper-motion data from GAIA Data Release 3, provide a broad survey of intermediate-mass multiplicity. We perform a statistical probability analysis to identify the likely physical companions, and analyze multiepoch observations for common proper motions. We find 250 stellar detections around 88 sample stars. Of these, 70 systems are likely multiple systems, and 42 companions around 29 systems are reported here for the first time. Correcting for completeness, we find a multiplicity fraction of 54%. Multiples are found randomly across all spectral types, but high-order multiples are more common among the hottest stars. Statistically likely companions are found at distances of up to several thousand astronomical units and {Delta}K magnitudes ranging from <0.1 to ~9, although companions with {Delta}K<1.5 are rare. Companions around Herbig Ae stars tend to be closer than those around Herbig Be stars. We confirm 24 proper-motion companions in 21 systems, including roughly half of the statistically very likely companions; however, many proper-motion results are inconclusive.2023AJ....165..135Thttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/165/135CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/simbad : Simbad objects catalogue (M.Wenger 2000)III/182 : HDE Charts; positions, proper motions (Nesterov+ 1995)I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)I/347 : Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia DR2 (Bailer-Jones+, 2018)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/A+AS/104/315 : Member of Herbig Ae/Be stellar group (The+ 1994)J/ApJS/101/117 : UBVRIJHKLMNQ photometry in Taurus-Auriga (Kenyon+ 1995)J/A+A/323/139 : K magnitude of Pleiades low-mass binaries (Bouvier+ 1997)J/AJ/113/1733 : Orion Nebula Cluster population (Hillenbrand 1997)J/AJ/114/2644 : UBVRIHa photometry of NGC2264 (Sung+, 1997)J/MNRAS/310/210 : Stellar composition of CMa R1 (Shevchenko+, 1999)J/A+A/378/116 : Classification & vsini of Vega-type & PMS stars (Mora+, 2001)J/AJ/126/2971 : UBVRI photometry of 131 Herbig Ae/Be (Vieira+, 2003)J/A+A/438/769 : Pre-main sequence stars Proper Motion Cat. (Ducourant+, 2005)J/MNRAS/371/252 : Southern B and Be stars (Levenhagen+, 2006)J/ApJ/653/657 : Spectroscopic observations Herbig Ae/Be stars (Manoj+, 2006)J/A+A/450/681 : Companions to close spectroscopic binaries (Tokovinin+, 2006)J/AJ/135/2496 : Near-IR survey of Class I protostars (Connelley+, 2008)J/ApJ/703/1511 : Wide binaries in Taurus and Upper Sco (Kraus+, 2009)J/MNRAS/453/976 : Herbig Ae/Be X-shooter observations (Fairlamb+, 2015)J/A+A/599/A14 : Taurus ultra-wide pairs (Joncour+, 2017)J/A+A/620/A128 : Gaia DR2 study of Herbig Ae/Be stars (Vioque+, 2018)J/MNRAS/493/234 : Herbig Ae/Be accretion & mechanisms (Wichittanakom+ 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/165/135https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/165/135http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/165/135https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/165/135https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/165/135http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/165/135GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/165/135/table1 (Observed Sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/165/135/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/165/135/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/165/135/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.865.6541666670.0055555555555555566/1043 1113-1114 1168 1231 1545 1591 3005 3038 3057 3071 3245 13736 14031 14040 14063 14249 14257 14263 14311 14344 14352 14359 14372 14449 14685 14687 14692 14694 14696 14700 15368 15370 15409 15432 15478 15637 15682-15684 15701 15711 15759 15798 15840 15851 15965 16131-16132 21402 21418 21421 21436 21439 21643 21646 22828 22841 22854 22895 22911 23636-23637 23644 23646 23683 23717 23727 23736 23739 23798 24277 24279 24449 28762 28891 29087 29094 29116 29159 29174 29191 29193 29253 29278 29358 29478 29506 29558 30188 30242-30243 30251 30258 30363 30462 30613 30694 31078 31259 32065 36956-36957 37169 37186 37353 37886 37916 37934 38002 39163 41472 41734 42611 42931 42972 42988 44049 44362 48933https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/165/135?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/165/135/table1Observed SamplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameObject identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharf_Name[o] Flag on Name (1)meta.codecharRAJ2000[0/23] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainSpTSpectral Typesrc.spTypecharTeff[5740/35900]? Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintnullablef_Teff[*] Flag on Teff means spectral type was used to derive Teffmeta.codecharDist[64/6345]? Distancepcpos.distanceintnullableB_Dist[64/6868]? Upper boundary on Distpcpos.distance;stat.maxintnullableb_Dist[63/5896]? Lower boundary on Distpcpos.distance;stat.minintnullabler_SpTReference code for SpTypemeta.refcharr_DistReference code for Dismeta.refcharNDet[0/12] Number of detectionsmeta.numberintNComp[0/7] Number of companionsmeta.numberintInstInstrumentmeta.id;instrcharJ/AJ/165/135/table2Details of the observing surveysrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTelTelescope usedmeta.id;instr.telcharDiam[3.6/8] Diametermphys.size;instr.telfloatInstInstrument usedmeta.id;instrcharScale[13.2/51] Plate scalemasinstr.scale;instr.platefloatFOV[11/22] Field of viewsinstr.fovintHS[5.5/10] High sensitivity FOVsinstr.fovfloatObs.S[1993/2007] Beginning of the obervation yearyrtime.startintObs.E[1993/2007] End of the observation yearyrtime.endintJ/AJ/165/135/table3Statistically likely companionsNameObject identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintComp[*] Indicates a new detection in Compmeta.id.assoccharAngSep[0.1/10.4] Angular separationarcsecpos.angDistancefloatPosAng[-173/358] Position angledegpos.posAngfloatLSep[45.4/32734]? Linear separationAUpos.distance;phys.sizefloatnullableKmag[3.04/13.3] Apparent K band magnitude of sample starmagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatDeltaK[0.07/8.6] K band magnitude difference between sample and companionmagphot.mag;arith.difffloatP[9.26e-09/0.1] Probability of being unrelatedstat.fit.goodnessdoubleLikeLikelihood being relatedstat.likelihoodcharObsDate of observation, daytime.epochDateDate of observation, yearyrtime.epochintJ/AJ/165/135/table8Multi-epoch observationsCompCompanion namemeta.id.assoccharf_CompFlag on Comp (1)meta.codeSep[0.1/9.17] Separationarcsecpos.angDistance;src.orbitalfloate_Sep[0.001/0.2] Uncertainty in Separcsecstat.errorfloatPosAng[-7/355] Position angledegpos.posAngfloate_PosAng[0.2/4.0]? Uncertainty in PosAngdegstat.errorfloatnullableDeltaK[-0.11/8.88]? K band magnitude differencemagphot.mag;arith.difffloatnullableSurveySurvey namemeta.idcharPMProper motion resultspos.pmcharStatsStatistical resultsstat.fit.goodnesscharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameObject identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharObs[1983/2012] Observation dateyrtime.epoch;obsfloatMinTime[0.36/16.4] Minimum time requiredyrtime.intervalfloatJ/AJ/165/135/table9Data for the non-likely candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintCompCompanion namemeta.id.assoccharASep[1.68/10.2] Angular separationarcsecpos.angDistancefloatPosAng[-175/354] Position angledegpos.posAngfloatLSep[219/29848]? Linear separationAUpos.distance;phys.sizefloatnullableKmag[5.7/13.4] Apparent K band magnitude of sample starmagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatDeltaK[2.61/9.22] K band magnitude difference between sample and companionmagphot.mag;arith.difffloatP[0.1/1] Probability of being unrelatedstat.fit.goodnessdoubleLikeLikelihood being relatedstat.likelihoodcharObsDate observation; daytime.epochJ/AJ/165/135/refsReferences usedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReferencemeta.ref;pos.framecharAuthorMain authormeta.bib.authorcharBIBBIBcodemeta.bib.bibcodecharCat.Catalog in Viziermeta.notechar