J/AJ/164/88ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/164/88doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51640088CDSBarber M.G.Mann A.W.Bush J.L.Tofflemire B.M.Kraus A.L.,Krolikowski D.M.Vanderburg A.Fields M.J.Newton E.R.Owens D.A.,Thao Pa C.2024-10-11T20:10:17Z2022-11-22T07:00:22ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frstellar-associationsstellar-spectral-typesvisible-astronomytrigonometric-parallaxproper-motionsradial-velocityspectroscopyinfrared-astronomyYoung planets provide a window into the early stages and evolution of planetary systems. Ideal planets for such research are in coeval associations, where the parent population can precisely determine their ages. We describe a young association (MELANGE-3) in the Kepler field, which harbors two transiting planetary systems (KOI-3876 and Kepler-970). We identify MELANGE-3 by searching for kinematic and spatial overdensities around Kepler planet hosts with high levels of lithium. To determine the age and membership of MELANGE-3, we combine new high-resolution spectra with archival light curves, velocities, and astrometry of stars near KOI-3876 spatially and kinematically. We use the resulting rotation sequence, lithium levels, and color-magnitude diagram of candidate members to confirm the presence of a coeval 105{+/-}10Myr population. MELANGE-3 may be part of the recently identified Theia 316 stream. For the two exoplanet systems, we revise the stellar and planetary parameters, taking into account the newly determined age. Fitting the 4.5yr Kepler light curves, we find that KOI-3876b is a 2.0{+/-}0.1 R{Earth} planet on a 19.58day orbit, while Kepler-970b is a 2.8{+/-}0.2R{Earth} planet on a 16.73day orbit. KOI-3876 was previously flagged as an eclipsing binary, which we rule out using radial velocities from APOGEE and statistically validate the signal as planetary in origin. Given its overlap with the Kepler field, MELANGE-3 is valuable for studies of spot evolution on year timescales, and both planets contribute to the growing work on transiting planets in young stellar associations.2022AJ....164...88Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/164/88CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)III/284 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Johnsson+, 2020)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)V/146 : LAMOST DR1 catalogs (Luo+, 2015)V/164 : LAMOST DR5 catalogs (Luo+, 2019)J/AJ/142/112 : KIC photometric calibration (Brown+, 2011)J/ApJ/733/L9 : Stellar rotation for 71 NGC 6811 members (Meibom+, 2011)J/ApJ/756/185 : Kepler TTVs. V. Metrics catalog (Ford+, 2012)J/MNRAS/432/1203 : Rotation periods of M-dwarf stars (McQuillan+, 2013)J/A+A/557/L10 : Rotation periods of 12000 Kepler stars (Nielsen+, 2013)J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors and temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)J/MNRAS/436/1883 : Properties of KOI host stars (Walkowicz+, 2013)J/AJ/147/119 : Catalog of sources in Kepler field of view (Coughlin+, 2014)J/ApJS/211/24 : Rotation periods of Kepler MS stars (McQuillan+, 2014)J/ApJS/224/12 : Kepler planetary candidates. VII. 48-month (Coughlin+, 2016)J/ApJ/822/81 : PTF stellar rotation periods Pleiades members (Covey+, 2016)J/ApJS/225/9 : Kepler TTVs IX. The full long-cadence data set (Holczer+, 2016)J/AJ/152/8 : Impact of stellar mult. on planetary systems I. (Kraus+, 2016)J/ApJ/822/86 : False positive probabilities Q1-Q17 DR24 KOIs (Morton+, 2016)J/AJ/152/114 : Pleiades members with K2 light curves. II. (Rebull+, 2016)J/AJ/152/113 : Pleiades members with K2 light curves. I. Per (Rebull+, 2016)J/AJ/152/158 : Final Kepler transiting planet search (DR25) (Twicken+, 2016)J/AJ/153/128 : WOCS. LXXV. Hyades&Praesepe stellar Li data (Cummings+, 2017)J/MNRAS/472/1618 : Kepler study of starspot lifetimes (Giles+, 2017)J/AJ/154/108 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). II. Properties (Johnson+, 2017)J/AJ/154/107 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). I. 1305 stars (Petigura+, 2017)J/ApJ/839/92 : Praesepe members with K2 light curve data (Rebull+, 2017)J/AJ/154/224 : Transiting planets in young clusters from K2 (Rizzuto+, 2017)J/ApJ/836/77 : Library of high-S/N optical spectra of FGKM stars (Yee+, 2017)J/ApJ/855/115 : Lithium abundances of KOIs from CKS spectra (Berger+, 2018)J/A+A/613/A63 : Lithium content for 148 Pleiades stars (Bouvier+, 2018)J/ApJS/237/38 : Extended abundance analysis of KOIs (Brewer+, 2018)J/ApJ/856/23 : BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN {Sigma} algorithm (Gagne+, 2018)J/AJ/156/102 : TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List (Stassun+, 2018)J/ApJS/245/13 : CDIPS. I. LCs from TESS sectors 6 and 7 (Bouma+, 2019)J/A+A/632/A37 : Well sampled stars FEROS+HARPS radial velocities (Brems+, 2019)J/ApJ/879/49 : Rotation periods for 171 Gaia members NGC6811 (Curtis+, 2019)J/ApJ/879/100 : K2 rotation periods Hyades & Praesepe members (Douglas+, 2019)J/AJ/158/122 : Local structure & star formation history of MW (Kounkel+, 2019)J/A+A/628/A66 : alpha Persei, Pleiades and Praesepe clusters (Lodieu+, 2019)J/ApJ/871/63 : How to constrain your M dwarf II. Nearby binaries (Mann+, 2019)J/A+A/622/L13 : Stellar stream in Gaia DR2 discovery (Meingast+, 2019)J/ApJS/244/21 : Surface rotation & activity of Kepler stars. I. (Santos+, 2019)J/AJ/159/280 : Gaia-Kepler stellar properties catalog.I. KIC (Berger+, 2020)J/AJ/160/279 : Untangling the Galaxy II Structure within 3kpc (Kounkel+, 2020)J/ApJ/898/27 : Bayesian Ages Field LowEr-mass Stars (Stanford-Moore+, 2020)J/AJ/159/19 : SOAR TESS survey. I. (Ziegler+, 2020)J/AJ/161/265 : Compared rotation periods 1189 CKS host stars (David+, 2021)J/AJ/161/277 : Sample of 45 H{alpha}EW outliers (Kiman+, 2021)J/AJ/161/65 : THYME. IV. 3 Exoplanets around TOI-451 B (Newton+, 2021)J/A+A/649/A3 : Gaia Early Data Release 3 photometric passbands (Riello+, 2021)J/ApJS/255/17 : Surface rotation & activity Kepler stars. II. (Santos+, 2021)J/AJ/161/171 : THYME. V. Discovering a stellar association (Tofflemire+, 2021)J/AJ/163/121 : Radial velocity and light curve of Kepler 1627A (Bouma+, 2022)J/AJ/163/156 : THYME. VI. TOI-1227 radial velocity (Mann+, 2022)J/AJ/163/179 : The California-Kepler Survey. X. (Petigura+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/88https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/88http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/88https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/88https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/88http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/88GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/164/88/table5 (Candidate members of MELANGE-3)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/88/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/88/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/88/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true290.302065938.49256190.0055555555555555563/227 4/920 922 5/3611 3614-3615 3623 3628-3629 3658-3659 3686 3692 3716-3718 3724-3725 3727-3729 3731-3734 3736-3737 3740 3776-3777 6/14441-14443 14455 14485 14487 14489 14491 14503 14509-14511 14520 14522-14526 14736 14738-14739 14772 14774 14776-14777 14779 14853 14855 14861 14863 14877-14879 14905 14920-14921 14923 14940-14941 14943 14952-14953 14956 14958 14965-14966 14968-14970 14996 15045 15112-15114 15118 15120-15122 151361.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/164/88?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/164/88/table5Candidate members of MELANGE-3RVel[-71.7/18.4]? Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RVel[0.02/18]? Uncertainty in RVelkm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocfloatnullabler_RVel[5/9]? Reference flag on RVel (4)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullable_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decnullableindexedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaGaia EDR3 identifiermeta.id;meta.mainRAJ2016[279/302] Right Ascension (J2016)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2016[30/47] Declination (J2016)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGmag[7.67/20.4] Gaia EDR3 G band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatVoff[0/5] Tangential velocity offsetkm/sphys.veloc.transversefloatSpTypeSpectral type (1)src.spTypecharTESS?Has TESS light curve? (2)meta.codecharKepler?Has Kepler light curve? (2)meta.codecharplx[2.66/3.61] Parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.009/0.5] Uncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatProt[0.16/44.5]? Rotational perioddtime.periodfloatnullablee_Prot[0.003/6]? Uncertainty in Protdstat.errorfloatnullabler_ProtReference flag on Prot (3)meta.ref;pos.framecharl_Li[<] Limit flag on Limeta.code.errorcharLi[20/206]? LiI 6708{AA} equivalent width (mA)1e-13mspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablee_Li[9/21]? Uncertainty in mA1e-13mstat.errorfloatnullable