J/AJ/164/115ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/164/115doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51640115CDSNewton E.R.Rampalli R.Kraus A.L.Mann A.W.Curtis J.L.Vanderburg A.,Krolikowski D.M.Huber D.Petter G.C.Bieryla A.Tofflemire B.M.,Thao Pa C.Wood M.L.Kerr R.Safanov B.S.Strakhov I.A.Ciardi D.R.,Giacalone S.Dressing C.D.Gill H.Savel A.B.Collins K.A.Brown P.,Murgas F.Isogai K.Narita N.Palle E.Quinn S.N.Eastman J.D.,Furesz G.Shiao B.Daylan T.Caldwell D.A.Ricker G.R.Vanderspek R.,Seager S.Winn J.N.Jenkins J.M.Latham D.W.2024-10-11T20:10:15Z2022-12-02T07:50:57ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clustersexoplanetsproper-motionsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomyphotometrytrigonometric-parallaxradial-velocityThe public, all-sky surveys Gaia and TESS provide the ability to identify new young associations and determine their ages. These associations enable study of planetary evolution by providing new opportunities to discover young exoplanets. A young association was recently identified by Tang et al. and Furnkranz et al. using astrometry from Gaia (called "Group-X" by the former). In this work, we investigate the age and membership of this association, and we validate the exoplanet TOI 2048b, which was identified to transit a young, late G-dwarf in Group-X using photometry from TESS. We first identified new candidate members of Group-X using Gaia EDR3 data. To infer the age of the association, we measured rotation periods for candidate members using TESS data. The clear color-period sequence indicates that the association is the same age as the 300{+/-}50Myr old NGC3532. We obtained optical spectra for candidate members that show lithium absorption consistent with this young age. Further, we serendipitously identify a new, small association nearby Group-X, which we call MELANGE-2. Lastly, we statistically validate TOI2048b, which is a 2.1{+/-}0.2R{Earth} radius planet on a 13.8day orbit around its 300Myr old host star.2022AJ....164..115Nhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/164/115CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/259 : The Tycho-2 Catalogue (Hog+ 2000)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/ApJ/720/1118 : i-band photometry of HAT-P-16 (Buchhave+, 2010)J/AJ/141/115 : BV(RI)c photometry on NGC 3532 (Clem+, 2011)J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors and temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)J/ApJS/211/24 : Rotation periods of Kepler MS stars (McQuillan+, 2014)J/AJ/152/8 : Impact of stellar mult. on planetary systems I. (Kraus+, 2016)J/AJ/152/113 : Pleiades members with K2 light curves. I (Rebull+, 2016)J/ApJS/222/14 : Planetary candidates from 1styr K2 mission (Vanderburg+, 2016)J/AJ/153/128 : WOCS. LXXV. Hyades&Praesepe stellar Li data (Cummings+, 2017)J/ApJ/845/72 : Factory & the beehive. III. PTFEB132.707+19.810 (Kraus+, 2017)J/AJ/153/257 : Comoving stars in Gaia DR1 (Oh+, 2017)J/ApJ/862/33 : Improved & expanded membership cat for NGC752 (Agueros+, 2018)J/A+A/613/A63 : Lithium content for 148 Pleiades stars (Bouvier+, 2018)J/AJ/156/102 : TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List (Stassun+, 2018)J/AJ/156/259 : Robo-AO detected close binaries in Gaia DR2 (Ziegler+, 2018)J/ApJ/879/100 : K2 rotation periods Hyades & Praesepe members (Douglas+, 2019)J/A+A/622/A110 : Spectroscopic membership for NGC 3532 (Fritzewski+, 2019)J/A+A/624/L11 : Coma Berenices neighbor moving group (Fuernkranz+, 2019)J/AJ/158/122 : Local structure &star formation history of MW (Kounkel+, 2019)J/A+A/624/L11 : Coma Berenices neighbor moving group (Fuernkranz+, 2019)J/A+A/622/L13 : Stellar stream in Gaia DR2 discovery (Meingast+, 2019)J/A+A/630/A89 : WASP-12b and WASP-43b griz light curves (Parviainen+, 2019)J/A+A/621/L2 : Hyades tidal tails revealed by Gaia DR2 (Roeser+, 2019)J/ApJ/877/12 : Coma Ber & a Neighbor Stellar Group tidal tails (Tang+, 2019)J/AJ/160/239 : Cluster difference imaging photo. survey. II. (Bouma+, 2020)J/ApJ/904/140 : Ruprecht 147 members & rot. data 5 other cl. (Curtis+, 2020)J/ApJ/898/27 : Bayesian Ages For Field Low-mass Stars (Stanford-Moore+, 2020)J/AJ/160/192 : Photometry and RVs of K2-25b with HPF (Stefansson+, 2020)J/A+A/650/A66 : DS Tuc A radial velocity curve (Benatti+, 2021)J/A+A/652/A60 : Rotation periods for NGC 3532 (Fritzewski+, 2021)J/AJ/161/24 : TRICERATOPS predictions for 384 TOIs (Giacalone+, 2021)J/ApJS/254/39 : Exoplanet candidates from TESS first 2yr obs (Guerrero+, 2021)J/A+A/645/A84 : Coronae of nearby star clusters (Meingast+, 2021)J/AJ/161/65 : THYME. IV. 3 Exoplanets around TOI-451 B (Newton+, 2021)J/A+A/649/A3 : Gaia EDR3 photometric passbands (Riello+, 2021)J/ApJS/255/17 : Surface rotation & activity Kepler stars. II. (Santos+, 2021)J/AJ/161/171 : THYME. V. Discovering stellar association (Tofflemire+, 2021)J/AJ/163/121 : Radial velocity and light curve of Kepler 1627A (Bouma+, 2022)J/A+A/661/A29 : First eROSITA study of nearby M dwarfs (Magaudda+, 2022)J/AJ/163/156 : THYME. VI. TOI-1227 radial velocity (Mann+, 2022)J/A+A/657/L3 : Rotation periods of Group X candidate members (Messina+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/115https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/115http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/115https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/115https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/115http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/115GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/164/115/table5 (Combined Group-X members)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true178.9487619439.07336140.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/164/115/table6 (Rotation periods for Group-X members)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table6?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table6?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table6?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true206.648428142888854.4326576888201360.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/164/115/table7 (Li EW measurements for candidate Group-X members)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table7?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table7?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table7?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true237.791880752.90697430.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/164/115/table10 (Friends of MELANGE-2)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table10?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table10?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table10?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true255.73025254.34069520.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/164/115/table11 (Rotation periods for MELANGE-2 friends)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table11?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table11?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table11?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true261.684339348.2600420.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/164/115/table9 (*Provenance of data for transiting planets in associations <1Gyr in age, plotted in Figure 13)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table9?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table9?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/115/table9?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true311.2897183-31.34090060.0055555555555555565/2686 2769 2772 2838 2843 2859 2868 6/368 1036 4679 4687 4696-4698 4720 6217 9678 9690 9697 9701-9703 9706 9709-9710 9714-9715 9720 9725 9817 9836 9843-9845 9849 9851-9852 9884 9915-9916 9919 9928 9930-9931 9933 9940 9942-9943 9948-9949 9951-9952 9961 9967-9970 9973-9974 9976 9979-9980 9982-9983 9991-9992 9997 10003 10008 10014 10016 10018 10028 10031-10033 10036 10041 10044 10047 10053 10059-10060 10063-10066 10070 10074 10083 10088-10090 10092-10094 10106 10118 10120 10126 10134-10135 10137 10144-10146 10152 10158 10161 10168-10169 10171 10180 10182-10184 10186-10188 10190 10202 10204 10209 10216 10218 10223 10582 10639 10646 10653 10684 10694 10703 10706 10710-10711 10715-10717 10724 10726 10732 10741 10743 10748-10749 10877 10885 10914 11011 11025 11027 11029 11031 11039 11051 11057 11083 11087 11094 11096-11097 11099 11103 11105 11107 11109 11111 11115 11126 11132-11133 11142 11205 11221 11273 11279 11285 11295 11314 11317 11320 11323 11325 11333-11334 11336-11337 11341 11343 11345-11348 11350-11351 11356 11358 11361 11363-11365 11367 11371 11378-11379 11382-11384 11391-11394 11400 11402 11406 11408 11410 11412 11417-11419 11421 11424 11426 11430-11431 11444 11446 11449 11451 11453-11454 11459-11460 11462-11463 11467 11469-11471 11476 11478 11482-11483 11487 11489-11492 11494 11498-11500 11502-11503 11510-11512 11515-11516 11523-11524 11526 11529 11542 11547 11554 11561-11562 11572 11653 11680 11691 11716 11779 11782 11789-11790 11795 11798 11800 11804 11809 11815 11818 11832 11835 11841 11844 11848 11852-11853 11860 11872 11911 14947 23531 28667 34423 37313 40968 41513 43442 44378 45382 482741.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/164/115?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/164/115/table5Combined Group-X memberscont[0/9.27]? TESS Contam. ratiostat.fit.omcfloatnullableplx[7.16/13.4] Absolute stellar parallax Ep=2016.0maspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.009/0.8] Standard error of Plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatRUWE[0.81/19.4] Gaia renormalised unit weight errorstat.errorfloatGmag[5.59/20.8]? Gaia EDR3 G-band mean magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableRFG[65/7742]? Mean flux in the G-band divided by its errorphot.flux;arith.ratiointnullableBP-RP[-0.04/4.15]? Gaia EDR3 BP-RP colormagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RfloatnullableRFBP[3/4160]? Integrated BP mean flux divided by its errorphot.flux;arith.ratiointnullableRFRP[17/417688]? Integrated RP mean flux divided by its errorphot.flux;arith.ratiointnullablecstar[-0.03/1.54]? corrected GBP and GRP flux excess factorinstr.paramfloatnullableTmag[4.97/19.7] TESS magnitudemagphot.magdoubletang?Appears in Tang+, 2019, J/ApJ/877/12 ?meta.codecharfurn?Appears in Furnkranz+, 2019, J/A+A/624/L11 ?meta.codecharfriendsIdentified as a Friend of TOI-2048meta.codecharvoff[0/5]? Reprojected tangential velocities relative to TOI-2048km/sphys.velocfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaGaia EDR3 source identifiermeta.id;meta.mainprimaryTICTESS Input catalog identifiermeta.idRA_ICRS[178/258] Barycentric right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRS[38/69] Barycentric declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainpmRA[-23.2/0.2] Proper motion in right ascensionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-12.2/9.54] Proper motion in declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmRA[0.009/2] Standard error of pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmDE[0.01/1] Standard error of pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatJ/AJ/164/115/table6Rotation periods for Group-X membersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTICTESS Input catalog identifiermeta.idRA_ICRS[195/258] Barycentric right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRS[41/68] Barycentric declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainTmag[5.73/15.7] TESS magnitudemagphot.magdoublecont[0/8.83]? TESS Contam. ratiostat.fit.omcfloatnullableRUWE[0.81/19.4] Gaia renormalised unit weight errorstat.errordoublevoff[0/4.96]? Reprojected tangential velocities relative to TOI-2048km/sphys.velocfloatnullableBP-RP[-0.04/3.16]? Gaia EDR3 BP-RP colormagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RdoublenullableTESSdetTESS detection?meta.codecharZTFdetZTF detection?meta.codecharPer[0.23/37] Stellar rotation Perioddtime.periodfloatGaiaGaia EDR3 source identifiermeta.id;meta.mainNoteTESS note (1)meta.notecharJ/AJ/164/115/table7Li EW measurements for candidate Group-X membersDet?[0/1] Li absorption detectedmeta.codeintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRA_ICRS[222/254] Barycentric right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainBP-RP[0.1/1.55]? Gaia EDR3 BP-RP colormagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RfloatnullableB-V[0.09/1.81] Tycho B-V colormagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VfloatRV-Li[-30.7/16.6] Radial velocity from Li linekm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RV-Li[0.04/5] Uncertainty in RV-Likm/sstat.errorfloatDis?[0/1] Discarded as suspected binary or due to data qualitymeta.codeintEWLi[13.7/101]? Equivalent width, Li 6707.8{AA}0.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablee_EWLi[5.3/48]? Uncertainty in EWLi0.1pmstat.errorfloatnullableAge[157/8222]? Baffles Median AgeMyrtime.age;stat.medianfloatnullableb_Age[81/3881]? Lower bound for Baffles AgeMyrtime.age;stat.median;stat.minfloatnullableB_Age[260/11588]? Upper bound for Baffles AgeMyrtime.age;stat.median;stat.maxintnullableEns?[0/1] In the ensemblemeta.codeintSpTSpectral Type based on colorsrc.spTypecharMemb?[0/1] Likely member (1)meta.code.memberintGaiaGaia EDR3 source identifiermeta.id;meta.mainDE_ICRS[42/60] Barycentric declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/164/115/table10Friends of MELANGE-2recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaGaia EDR3 source identifiermeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRS[240/270] Barycentric right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRS[46/63] Barycentric declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGmag[5.8/20.8]? G-band mean magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableBP-RP[0.21/3.6]? Gaia EDR3 BP-RP colormagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RfloatnullableRUWE[0.85/13.4] Gaia renormalised unit weight errorstat.errorfloatplx[7.51/9.84] Absolute stellar parallax at Ep=2016.0maspos.parallax.trigfloatTICTESS Input catalog identifiermeta.idTmag[5.7/19.8] TESS magnitudemagphot.magdoublevoff[0/3.95] Projected tangential velocities relative to TIC224606446km/sphys.velocfloatSep[0/8.98] Angular separation from TIC224606446degpos.angDistancefloatD3D[0/19.9] 3D separation from source to TIC224606446pcpos.distancefloatRV-pred[-4.94/-3.93] Predicted Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatRV-obs[-52.4/10.9]? Observed Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RV-obs[0.6/6]?Uncertainty in Vr-obskm/sstat.errorfloatnullabler_RV-obsSource, Vr-obs; gaia or Nonemeta.ref;pos.framecharPerIf >0, rotation period is available (table11)meta.numberintnullableJ/AJ/164/115/table11Rotation periods for MELANGE-2 friendsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaGaia EDR3 source identifiermeta.id;meta.mainTICTESS Input catalog identifiermeta.idRA_ICRS[247/265] Barycentric right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRS[46/61] Barycentric declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainTmag[5.7/16.5] TESS magnitudemagphot.magdoublecont[0/0.3]? TESS Contam. ratiostat.fit.omcfloatnullableRUWE[0.9/13.4] Gaia renormalised unit weight errorstat.errorfloatBP-RP[0.21/3.15]? Gaia EDR3 BP-RP colormagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RfloatnullableNoteTESS note (1)meta.notecharPer[0.12/18] Stellar rotation Perioddtime.periodfloatJ/AJ/164/115/table9*Provenance of data for transiting planets in associations <1Gyr in age, plotted in Figure 13Radius[0.99/10.3] Planet Radius(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusfloatPer[1.67/60] Planet orbital perioddtime.periodfloatRefProvenance (ADS Bibcode)meta.ref;pos.framechar_RAPosition from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainClusterCluster Namemeta.id.parentcharAge[9/700] AgeMyrtime.ageintSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPlanetPlanet Namemeta.id;meta.mainchar_DEPosition from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main