J/AJ/162/75ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/162/75doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51620075CDSLester K.V.Matson R.A.Howell S.B.Furlan E.Gnilka C.L.Scott N.J.,Ciardi D.R.Everett M.E.Hartman Z.D.Hirsch L.A.2023-06-07T09:19:13Z2021-12-07T07:23:53ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsmultiple-starsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomyphotometryinterferometryeffective-temperatureWe present high-angular-resolution imaging observations of 517 host stars of TESS exoplanet candidates using the 'Alopeke and Zorro speckle cameras at Gemini North and South. The sample consists mainly of bright F, G, K stars at distances of less than 500pc. Our speckle observations span angular resolutions of ~20mas out to 1.2", yielding spatial resolutions of <10-500au for most stars, and our contrast limits can detect companion stars 5-9mag fainter than the primary at optical wavelengths. We detect 102 close stellar companions and determine the separation, magnitude difference, mass ratio, and estimated orbital period for each system. Our observations of exoplanet host star binaries reveal that they have wider separations than field binaries, with a mean orbital semimajor axis near 100 au. Other imaging studies have suggested this dearth of very closely separated binaries in systems which host exoplanets, but incompleteness at small separations makes it difficult to disentangle unobserved companions from a true lack of companions. With our improved angular resolution and sensitivity, we confirm that this lack of close exoplanet host binaries is indeed real. We also search for a correlation between planetary orbital radii versus binary star separation; but, given the very short orbital periods of the TESS planets, we do not find any clear trend. We do note that in exoplanet systems containing binary host stars, there is an observational bias against detecting Earth-size planet transits due to transit depth dilution caused by the companion star.2021AJ....162...75Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/162/75CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)IV/34 : K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) (Huber+, 2017)IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)J/ApJS/190/1 : A survey of stellar families (Raghavan+, 2010)J/AJ/141/45 : Speckle observations of HIP stars (Horch+, 2011)J/AJ/142/19 : Speckle observations of KOI (Howell+, 2011)J/ApJ/745/19 : Binary systems in Taurus-Auriga (Kraus+, 2012)J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors and temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)J/AJ/152/8 : Impact of stellar multip. on planetary systems I. (Kraus+, 2016)J/AJ/153/71 : Kepler follow-up observation program. I. Imaging (Furlan+, 2017)J/AJ/156/18 : APOGEE DR14:Binary comp. of evolved stars (Price-Whelan+, 2018)J/AJ/156/102 : The TESS Input Catalog & Candidate Target List (Stassun+, 2018)J/AJ/157/211 : Unresolved binaries in TESS with speckle imaging (Matson+, 2019)J/AJ/157/216 : Stellar multiplicity rate M dwarfs within 25pc (Winters+, 2019)J/AJ/158/113 : Kepler-13AB aperture photometry (Howell+, 2019)J/AJ/159/19 : SOAR TESS survey. I. (Ziegler+, 2020)J/AN/341/996 : Stellar companions of (C)TOIs (Mugrauer+, 2020)J/AJ/161/21 : 383 KOIs interferometry with WIYN (Colton+, 2021)J/AJ/161/134 : Survey of stellar & planetary comp. within 25pc (Hirsch+, 2021)J/AJ/161/164 : Observation of 186 TESS stars with NESSI (WYIN) (Howell+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/75https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/75http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/75https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/75https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/75http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/75GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/162/75/table1 (Gemini observing log)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/162/75/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/162/75/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/162/75/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true318.7369161-55.87179390.0055555555555555566/256 671 935 969 1020 1083 1136 1194 1254 1292 1319 1546 1585 1783 1903 1920 1953 2177 2395 2403-2404 2433 2555 2577 2587 2730 2821 2834 2843 2859 2864 2965 2970 2994 3006 3009 3114 3256 3278 3289 3294 3361 3630 3636 3647 3712 4145 4161 4280 4617 5186 6124 6978 7080 7161 7361 7487 7508 7515 7605 7632 7888 8517 9206 9960 10068 10070 10152 10185 10208 10223 10598 10608 11029 11186 11239 11431 11451 11455 11548 11598 11602 11658 11710 11896 11910 11918 11923 11925 11943 11969 11974 12014 12046 12056 12104 12159 12171 13235 13540 13611 13680 13759 13761 13775 13812 13892 13916 14119 14190 14351 14428 14447 14462 14576 14595 14602 14629-14630 14635 14844 14878 14964 15112 15182 15338 15374 15385 15635 15817 15927 15973 16012 16053 16094 16104 16336 16432 16464 16489 16518 16581 16592 16619 16632-16633 16662 16722 16808 16840 16847 16904 16938 16948 16987 17001-17002 17012-17013 17072 17089 17106 17109 17120 17166 17185 17227 17240 17253 17278 17280 17312-17313 17430 17434 17495 17605 17705 17865 18012 18437 18452 19791 19836 20476 20541 20595 20667 20872 20977 21093 21137 21176 21197 21199 21206 21271 21330 21346 21392 21441 21528 21555 21568 21602 21612 21641 21657 21662 21670 21693 21744 21828 21935 22021 22034 22040 22058 22062 22065 22078 22152 22168-22169 22311 22384 22396 22505 22656 22661-22662 22691 22696 22709 23460 23516 23633 23674 23732 23734 23746 23781 23826 24524 24527 24557 24562 24585 24587 25193 25196 25312 25401 25496 25635 26634 26727 26734 26751 26768 26771 26840 26844 26918 26920 27142 27176 27184 27332 28028 28071 28576 32811 32918 32959 32971 32975 32978-32979 32991 32999 33001 33004 33006 33022-33023 33133 33151 33164 33172 33200-33201 33206-33207 33210 33224 33226-33227 33240 33253 33279 33382 33507 33598 33733 33849 33932 33978 33995 34341 34452 34526 34578 34656 34749 34751 34784 34812 35030 35037 35159 35213 35240 35412 35534 35537 35551 35565 35575 35608 35624 35668 35696 35841 35914 35936 35938 35993 36015 36112 36116 36142 36165 36191 36213 36374 36419 36525 36614 36643 36667 36716-36717 36772 36794 37283-37284 37303 37309 37311 37317 37357 37392 37416 37422 37448 37484 37547-37548 37652 37654 37713 37731 37736 37750 37820 37828 37839 37877 37883 37925 37989 38067 38070 38101 38133 38143 38167 38312 38315 38376 38456 38480 38560 38615 38743 38842 38898 38945-38946 38950 38957 38959 39046 39056 39080 39148 39232 39255 39351 39380 39438 39792 39812 39844 39912 40129 40220 40250-40251 40347 40363 40425 40554 40573 40602 40634 40638 40668 40673 40754 40772 40968 41009 41013 41015 41179 41484 41513 41583 41588 41596 41786 41831 41837 41873 41995 42296 42520 42865 42897 43065 43247 43378 43525 43551 43553 43580 43617 43631 43668 43782 44046 44272 44590 45165 45380 45527 45539 45855 45922 45946 45964 46128 46160 46242 46356 46437 46546 46561 46575 46616 46738 46780 46887 46913 46935 46959 46975 47058 47061 47488 48138 48160 48178 48327 48350 48353 484152.3875548760304856e-19 3.5346039255155346e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/162/75?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/162/75/table1Gemini observing logTOITESS Target of Interest identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintprimaryTelTelescope; North or Southmeta.id;instr.telcharObsObservation date, month (UT)time.epoch;obsmag0.2-562[3.06/6.14] contrast limit at 0.2" and 562nmmagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatmag1.0-562[3.28/8.23] contrast limit at 1.0" and 562nmmagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatmag0.2-832[4.1/6.1] contrast limit at 0.2" and 832nmmagphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTICTESS Input Catalog identifier (1)meta.idlongTmag[5.3/15.7] TESS magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optfloatDist[6.9/6814] Gaia EDR3 based distance (2)pcpos.distance;src.orbitalfloatTeff[2808/31000] TIC effective temperature (1)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintNotesNotes for each target (3)meta.notecharmag1.0-832[4.69/9.33] contrast limit at 1.0" and 832nmmagphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatNcompNumber of companion(s) (table2)meta.numberintnullableNplanetNumber of planet(s) (table3)meta.numberintnullable_RAPosition from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/162/75/table2Companions detectedTOITargetmeta.id;meta.mainintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSampleTarget Sample (1)src.samplecharf_TOI=Triple system; 6 occurrences (2)meta.codecharrho1[0.02/1.45]? Separation, arcseconds at 562nmarcsecpos.angDistance;src.orbitalfloatnullablePA1[19.5/348]? Position angle, degrees at 562nmdegpos.posAngfloatnullabledmag1[0.01/5.38]? Magnitude difference at 562nmmagphot.mag;em.opt.V;arith.difffloatnullablerho2[0.02/1.73]? Separation, arcseconds at 832nmarcsecpos.angDistance;src.orbitalfloatnullablePA2[6.1/357]? Position angle, degrees at 832nmdegpos.posAngfloatnullablel_dmag2Limit flag on dmag2meta.code.errorchardmag2[0.01/9.33]? Magnitude difference at 832nmmagphot.mag;em.opt.I;arith.difffloatnullableQ[0.14/1]? Mass ratio, Mcompanion/Mhostphys.mass;arith.ratiofloatnullablea[4.1/1122] Separation, projectedaupos.angDistancefloatPer[6/23300] Binary periodyrtime.periodintJ/AJ/162/75/table3Corrected radii of planet candidates in close binary systemsTOITarget namemeta.id.parentintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPlanetPlanet candidatemeta.id;meta.maincharf_PlanetFlag on Planet (1)meta.codecharCorr[1/1.5]? Correction factorinstr.paramfloatnullableRpl[1.66/32]? Apparent planetary radius(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusfloatnullableRpl-c[1.67/41]? Corrected planetary radius(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusfloatnullable