J/AJ/159/50ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/159/50doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51590050CDSGerber J.M.Friel E.D.Vesperini E.2022-09-12T06:46:43Z2020-03-25T13:42:03ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frglobular-star-clusterseffective-temperatureabsolute-magnituderadial-velocitygiant-starschemical-abundanceshorizontal-branch-starsvisible-astronomyspectroscopyWe have observed their cyanogen CN features at ~3800 and 4120{AA} as well as the CH band at ~4300{AA} for 145 evolved stars in the Galactic globular cluster M71 using the multi-object spectrograph, Hydra, on the Wisconsin-Indiana-Yale- NOAO-3.5 m telescope. We use these measurements to create two {delta}CN indices finding that both distributions are best fit by two populations: a CN-enhanced and CN-normal. We find that 42%{+/-}4% of the red giant branch stars in our sample are CN-enhanced. The percentage of CN-enhanced is 40%{+/-}13% for the asymptotic giant branch and 33%{+/-}9% for the horizontal branch stars (HB stars), which suggests there are no missing second generation stars at these stages of stellar evolution. The two generations also separate in magnitude and color on the HB, which allows us to find the difference in He abundance between the two populations by fitting appropriate zero-age horizontal branches. The broad range of distances from the cluster's center covered by our sample allows us to study the dependence of the ratio of the number of first to second population stars on the distance from the cluster's center, and we find that this ratio does not vary radially and that the two populations are spatially mixed. Finally, we compare our identification of multiple populations with the classification based on the Na-O anti-correlation and the Hubble Space Telescope UV photometry, and we find good agreement with both methods.2020AJ....159...50Ghttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/159/50CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/195 : Globular Clusters in the Milky Way (Harris, 1996)VII/202 : Globular Clusters in the Milky Way (Harris, 1997)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+, 2003)J/A+AS/144/227 : BV photometry of M71 (Geffert+, 2000)J/AJ/125/197 : CN abundances of the 47 Tuc main sequence (Harbeck+, 2003)J/AJ/127/1588 : 47 Tuc main-sequence star abundances (Briley+, 2004)J/ApJ/638/1018 : Equivalent widths for giant stars in M13 and M71 (Yong+, 2006)J/A+A/486/941 : Abundances in M71 (NGC 6838) (Alves-Brito+, 2008)J/ApJ/687/1019 : Chandra X-ray observations of M71 (Elsner+, 2008)J/A+A/505/139 : Abundances red giants 17 globular clusters (Carretta+, 2009)J/A+A/505/117 : Abundances red giants 15 globular clusters (Carretta+, 2009)J/ApJ/754/L38 : Abundances & radial velocities of M13 giants (Johnson+, 2012)J/other/Nat/498.198 : Na abundances in NGC6752 (Campbell+, 2013)J/ApJ/810/148 : Red giant abundances in NGC 2808 (Carretta, 2015)J/AJ/149/53 : Rad. velocities 12 Milky Way globular clusters (Kimmig+, 2015)J/ApJ/801/125 : Carbon in red giants in GCs and dSph galaxies (Kirby+, 2015)J/A+A/573/A70 : UBVI photometry in 3 globular clusters (Nardiello+, 2015)J/ApJ/824/5 : Chemical abundances in NGC 5024 (M53) (Boberg+, 2016)J/AJ/151/7 : Globular & open clusters observed SDSS/SEGUE (Morrison+, 2016)J/AJ/156/6 : Light element abundances RGB & AGB stars in M10 (Gerber+,2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/159/50https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/159/50http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/159/50https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/159/50https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/159/50http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/159/50GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/159/50/table1 (Stars measured in M71)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/159/50/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/159/50/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/159/50/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true298.40612518.749888890.0055555555555555566/12943https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/159/50?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/159/50/table1Stars measured in M71SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableID[2/2299] Index number (1)meta.id;meta.mainintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2MASS2MASS identifier (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000) if anymeta.id.crosscharRAJ2000[298.36/298.52] Right Ascension (J2000) (1)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[18.72/18.85] Declination (J2000) (1)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainHRV[-112/30] Heliocentric radial velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.heliocentricintVmag[12/18] Apparent V band magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatB-V[0.75/1.9] The (B-V) color (1)magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VfloatVMAG[-1.7/4.2] Absolute V band magnitude assuming (m-M)v=13.728magphys.magAbsfloatTeff[3485/6084] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintlogg[0.19/4.4] log surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatS3839[-0.7/0.5]? The S(3839) indexspect.indexfloatnullableCN4216[-0.07/0.5]? The CN(4216) indexspect.indexfloatnullableCH4300[0.08/0.4]? The CH(4300) indexspect.indexfloatnullableDS3839[-0.7/0.5]? The {delta}S(3839) indexspect.indexfloatnullableDCN4216[-0.2/0.3]? The {delta}CN(4216) indexspect.indexfloatnullable[Na/Fe][-0.1/0.9]? log Na/Fe abundance ratiophys.abund;arith.ratiofloatnullable[O/Fe][0.05/0.8]? log O/Fe abundance ratiophys.abund;arith.ratiofloatnullabler_[Na/Fe]? Source reference for [Na/Fe] (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharr_[O/Fe]? Source reference for [O/Fe] (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharOTypeBranch (3)src.classcharMm[y/n] Membership y=yes (146 occurrences), n=no (5 occurrences)meta.code.memberchar