J/AJ/154/196ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/154/196doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51540196CDSEisner N.Knight M.M.Schleicher D.G.2020-08-07T08:16:05Z2018-08-09T06:54:45ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsolar-systemcometsephemeridesinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomyphotometrychemical-abundancesWe analyzed images of comet 49P/Arend-Rigaux on 33 nights between 2012 January and May and obtained R-band lightcurves of the nucleus. Through usual phasing of the data, we found a double-peaked lightcurve having a synodic rotation period of 13.450+/-0.005 hr. Similarly, phase dispersion minimization and the Lomb-Scargle method both revealed rotation periods of 13.452 hr. Throughout the 2011/2012 apparition, the rotation period was found to increase by a small amount, consistent with a retrograde rotation of the nucleus. We also reanalyzed the publicly available data from the 1984/1985 apparition by applying the same techniques, finding a rotation period of 13.45+/-0.01 hr. Based on these findings, we show that the change in rotation period is less than 14 s per apparition. Furthermore, the amplitudes of the lightcurves from the two apparitions are comparable, to within reasonable errors, even though the viewing geometries differ, implying that we are seeing the comet at a similar sub-Earth latitude. We detected the presence of a short-term jet-like feature in 2012 March, which appears to have been created by a short-duration burst of activity on March 15. Production rates obtained in 2004/2005, along with reanalysis of the previous results from 1984/1985, imply a strong seasonal effect and a very steep fall-off after perihelion. This, in turn, implies that a single source region, rather than leakage from the entire nucleus, dominates activity.2017AJ....154..196Ehttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/154/196CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toB/comets : Database of the orbital elements of comets (Rocher, 2007)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/154/196https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/154/196http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/154/196https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/154/196https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/154/196http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/154/196GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/154/196/table1*Summary of Comet 49P/Arend-Rigaux Observations and Geometric Parameters during Our 2012 ObservationsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateObservation date (UT) (YYYY-MMM-DD)time.epoch;obsnullableStartStart time of observation (UT)time.start;obsnullableEndEnd time of observation (UT)time.end;obsnullableDT[98.22/208.15] Time since perihelion (2011 October 19.1) {Detla}Tdtime.intervalfloatDiam[0.8/1.1] Telescope diametermphys.size.diameter;instr.telfloatrH[1.774/2.507] Heliocentric distance r_H_AUpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatDelta[1.027/1.964] Geocentric distance {Delta}AUpos.distance;pos.geocentricfloatPA[0.2/358] Position angle of the Sundegpos.posAngfloatalpha[13.4/27.7] Solar phase angle {alpha}degpos.phaseAngfloatDt[0.142/0.272] Light travel time {Delta}thtime.epochfloatDm1[-4.345/-2.214] Magnitude necessary to correct for changes in the geometry ({Delta}m_1_=-5log(r_h_{Delta})-{alpha}{beta})magphot.magfloatDm2[-0.115/0.293] Offset necessary to make the data on all nights peak at the same magnitude, after correcting for geometrymagphot.magfloatsigma(m)[0.0016/0.0058] Average uncertainty calculated for the night {sigma}_m_stat.stdevfloatRad[1.6/4.6] Radius of the aperture used to extract the lightcurves (see Section 2.3)arcsecphys.angSize;srcfloatWeatherWeather conditionsmeta.notecharJ/AJ/154/196/table2Table of CCD PhotometryJDUT date converted in JD by CDSdtime.epochcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateObservation date (UT) (YYYY-MM-DD)time.epoch;obsnullableTime[2.643/13.672] Fractional UT time at midpoint of the exposure, uncorrected for light travel timehtime.epochfloatTel[1/2] Telescope used (1)instr.setupintRmag[16.09/18.75] Observed R-band magnitude (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatRmag-c[12.79/14.71] Observed R-band magnitude corrected (3)magphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatJ/AJ/154/196/table4Photometry Observing Circumstances and Fluorescence Efficiencies for Comet 49P/Arend-RigauxDateObservation date (UT) (YYYY-MMM-DD.dd)time.epoch;obscharDT[-75.88/76.28] Time since perihelion {Detla}Tdtime.intervalfloatrH[1.375/1.664] Heliocentric distance r_H_AUpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDelta[0.59/1.506] Geocentric distance {Delta}AUpos.distance;pos.geocentricfloatalpha[4.6/43.2] Solar phase angle {alpha}degpos.phaseAngfloatlogA[0.08/0.45] Phase adjustment logA(0{deg})f{rho} (1)stat.fit.paramfloatVel[-9.8/8.9] Velocitykm/sphys.velocfloatlogL/N(OH)[-15.07/-14.889] Fluorescence efficiency for OH (in erg/s/molecule) (2)log(1e-07W)stat.fit.paramfloatlogL/N(NH)[-13.514/-13.355] Fluorescence efficiency for NH (in erg/s/molecule) (2)log(1e-07W)stat.fit.paramfloatlogL/N(CN)[-12.876/-12.654] Fluorescence efficiency for CN (in erg/s/molecule) (2)log(1e-07W)stat.fit.paramfloatDiam[1.1/2.2] Telescope diametermphys.size.diameter;instr.telfloatJ/AJ/154/196/table56Photometric fluxes, aperture abundances (table 5) and photometric production rates (table 6) for comet 49P/Arend-RigauxrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateObservation date (UT) (YYYY-MMM-DD.dd)time.epoch;obscharAp[20/97.2] Aperture sizearcsecphys.angSize;instr.fovfloatlog(rho)[3.63/4.59] Log aperture sizekminstr.fovfloatlogF(OH)[-11.92/-11.27]? Log emission band flux for OH (in erg/cm^2^/s)log(mW.m**-2)phot.fluxfloatnullablelogF(NH)[-13.37/-11.9]? Log emission band flux for NH (in erg/cm^2^/s)log(mW.m**-2)phot.fluxfloatnullablelogF(CN)[-12.73/-11.46]? Log emission band flux for CN (in erg/cm^2^/s)log(mW.m**-2)phot.fluxfloatnullablelogF(C3)[-12.46/-11.53]? Log emission band flux for C_3_ (in erg/cm^2^/s)log(mW.m**-2)phot.fluxfloatnullablelogF(C2)[-13/-11.58] Log emission band flux for C_2_ (in erg/cm^2^/s)log(mW.m**-2)phot.fluxfloatlogF(UV)[-15.61/-14.13]? Log continuum flux in UV filter (in erg/cm^2^/s/{AA}) (G1)log(0.01W.m**-2.nm**-1)phot.flux;em.UVfloatnullablelogF(B)[-14.57/-13.97]? Log continuum flux in blue filter (in erg/cm^2^/s/{AA}) (G1)log(0.01W.m**-2.nm**-1)phot.flux.density;em.optfloatnullablelogF(G)[-14.59/-13.8] Log continuum flux in green filter (in erg/cm^2^/s/{AA}) (G1)log(0.01W.m**-2.nm**-1)phot.flux.density;em.optfloatlogM(rho)OH[29.99/31.36]? OH aperture abundance (in molecule)phys.abundfloatnullablelogM(rho)NH[27.04/29.2]? NH aperture abundance (in molecule)phys.abundfloatnullablelogM(rho)CN[26.98/28.99]? CN aperture abundance (in molecule)phys.abundfloatnullablelogM(rho)C3[26.92/28.44]? C_3_ aperture abundance (in molecule)phys.abundfloatnullablelogM(rho)C2[26.73/28.74]? C_2_ aperture abundance (in molecule)phys.abundfloatnullableDT[-75.89/76.28] Time since perihelion {Detla}Tdtime.intervalfloatlog(rH)[0.138/0.221] Log heliocentric distancelog(AU)pos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatlogQ(OH)[26.79/27.45]? OH production rate (in molecule/s)log(s**-1)stat.fit.paramfloatnullableE_logQ(OH)[0.03/0.13]? Upper limit uncertainty in logQ(OH) (1)log(s**-1)stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablelogQ(NH)[24.04/25.18]? NH production rate (in molecule/s)log(s**-1)stat.fit.paramfloatnullableE_logQ(NH)[0.01/0.17]? Upper limit uncertainty in logQ(NH) (1)log(s**-1)stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablelogQ(CN)[23.95/24.64]? CN production rate (in molecule/s)log(s**-1)stat.fit.paramfloatnullableE_logQ(CN)[0.02/0.08]? Upper limit uncertainty in logQ(CN) (1)log(s**-1)stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablelogQ(C3)[23.53/24.38] C_3_ production rate (in molecule/s)log(s**-1)stat.fit.paramfloatE_logQ(C3)[0/0.16] Upper limit uncertainty in logQ(C3) (1)log(s**-1)stat.error;stat.maxfloatlogQ(C2)[1.73/24.58]? C_2_ production rate (in molecule/s)log(s**-1)stat.fit.paramfloatnullableE_logQ(C2)[0.04/0.14]? Upper limit uncertainty in logQ(C2) (1)log(s**-1)stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablelogA(UV)[0.64/1.93]? Now standard proxy for dust production in UV filter (G1)log(cm)stat.fit.paramfloatnullableE_logA(UV)[0.02/0.54]? Upper limit uncertainty in logA(UV) (1)log(cm)stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablelogA(B)[1.1/1.94]? Now standard proxy for dust production in blue filter (G1)log(cm)stat.fit.paramfloatnullableE_logA(B)[0.01/0.16]? Upper limit uncertainty in logA(B) (1)log(cm)stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablelogA(G)[1.06/1.99]? Now standard proxy for dust production in green filter (G1)log(cm)stat.fit.paramfloatnullableE_logA(G)[0.01/0.14]? Upper limit uncertainty in logA(G) (1)log(cm)stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablelogQ(H2O)[26.82/27.5]? Water production ratestat.fit.paramfloatnullableJ/AJ/154/196/table7Dates, Times, and Magnitudes Extracted from Wisniewski et al. (1986acm..proc..337W) for the 1985 ObservationsJDUT date converted in JD by CDSdtime.epochcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateObservation date (UT) (YYYY-MMM-DD)time.epoch;obsnullableTime[2.16/12.18] Fractional UT timehtime.epochfloatmag[5.72/6.328] Magnitude from Wisniewski et al. (1986acm..proc..337W)magphot.magfloat