J/AJ/153/101ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/153/101doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51530101CDSSomers G.Stassun K.G.2018-05-28T08:49:47Z2018-04-24T08:03:23ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clustersstellar-populationsvisible-astronomyWide-band photometryinfrared-photometryeffective-temperaturestellar-radiiPrecise measurements of eclipsing binary parameters and statistical studies of young clusters have suggested that some magnetically active low-mass dwarfs possess radii inflated by ~5%-15% relative to theoretical expectations. If true, this effect should be pronounced in young open clusters, due to the rapid rotation and strong magnetic activity of their most extreme members. We explore this possibility by determining empirical radii for 83 members of the nearby Pleiades open cluster, using spectral energy distribution fitting to establish F_bol_ with a typical accuracy of ~3% together with color and spectro-photometric indices to determine T_eff_. We find several Pleiades members with radii inflated above radius-T_eff_ models from state-of-the-art calculations, and apparent dispersions in radii for the K-dwarfs of the cluster. Moreover, we demonstrate that this putative radius inflation correlates strongly with rotation rate, consistent with inflation of young stars by magnetic activity and/or starspots. We argue that this signal is not a consequence of starspot-induced color anomalies, binarity, or depth effects in the cluster, employing Gaia DR1 distances as a check. Finally, we consider the lithium abundances of these stars, demonstrating a triple correlation between rotation rate, radius inflation, and enhanced lithium abundance. Our result-already significant to ~99.99% confidence-provides strong support for a magnetic origin of the inflated radii and lithium dispersion observed in young, low-mass stars.2017AJ....153..101Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/153/101CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/258 : Pleiades positions and proper motions (Wang+, 1996)I/259 : The Tycho-2 Catalogue (Hog+ 2000)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/AJ/106/1059 : Lithium in the Pleiades (Soderblom+, 1993)J/ApJS/172/663 : Infrared observations of the Pleiades (Stauffer+, 2007)J/MNRAS/408/475 : HATNet Pleiades Rotation Period Catalogue (Hartman+, 2010)J/AJ/148/30 : BVI photometry of 350 Pleiades stars (Kamai+, 2014)J/A+A/596/A113 : The Seven Sisters DANCe. II. Pleiades (Barrado+, 2016)J/AJ/152/113 : Pleiades members with K2 light curves. I. PeriodsJ/AJ/152/114 : Pleiades members with K2 light curves. II. (Rebull+, 2016)J/AJ/152/115 : Pleiades members with K2 light curves. III. (Stauffer+, 2016)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/153/101https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/153/101http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/153/101https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/153/101https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/153/101http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/153/101GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/153/101/table1 (Basic Pleiades Data)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/101/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/101/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/101/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true55.7296261124.4930650.0055555555555555565/115 6/455 466 472 473 474 485 4963.322582951404819e-19 3.852589004194616e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/153/101?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/153/101/table2Derived Stellar Properties (V-K_S_)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHII[25/3187] The H II region identifiermeta.noteintTeff[4192/7055] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintE_Teff[16/125] Upper uncertainty in TeffKstat.error;stat.maxinte_Teff[21/125] Lower uncertainty in TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintFbol[2.13/86.19] Bolometric flux (in 10^-10^ erg/s/cm^2^)1e-13W.m**-2phot.flux.bolfloate_Fbol[0/4.65] Lower uncertainty in Fbol (in 10^-10^ erg/s/cm^2^)1e-13W.m**-2stat.errorfloatE_Fbol[0/4.37] Upper uncertainty in Fbol (in 10^-10^ erg/s/cm^2^)1e-13W.m**-2stat.error;stat.maxfloatchi2[0.27/38.32] Model reduced {chi}^2^stat.param;meta.modelledfloatDiam[4.15/10.33] Angular diameter0.01masphys.angSizefloate_Diam[0.08/0.51] Lower uncertainty in Diam0.01masstat.errorfloatE_Diam[0.07/0.54] Upper uncertainty in Diam0.01masstat.error;stat.maxfloatRad[0.598/1.487] RadiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloate_Rad[0.019/0.08] Lower uncertainty in RadsolRadstat.errorfloatE_Rad[0.018/0.084] Upper uncertainty in RadsolRadstat.error;stat.maxfloatDelRad[-8/32.8] Percent difference in radius%phys.size.radiusfloatE_DelRad[2.7/8.7] Upper uncertainty in DelRad%stat.error;stat.maxfloate_DelRad[2.7/8.3] Lower uncertainty in DelRad%stat.errorfloatJ/AJ/153/101/table3Derived Stellar Properties (DANCe)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHII[25/3187] The H II region identifiermeta.noteintTeff[4192/7055] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintE_Teff[16/125] Upper uncertainty in TeffKstat.error;stat.maxinte_Teff[21/125] Lower uncertainty in TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintFbol[2.13/86.19] Bolometric flux (in 10^-10^ erg/s/cm^2^)1e-13W.m**-2phot.flux.bolfloate_Fbol[0/4.65] Lower uncertainty in Fbol (in 10^-10^ erg/s/cm^2^)1e-13W.m**-2stat.errorfloatE_Fbol[0/4.37] Upper uncertainty in Fbol (in 10^-10^ erg/s/cm^2^)1e-13W.m**-2stat.error;stat.maxfloatchi2[0.27/38.32] Model reduced {chi}^2^stat.param;meta.modelledfloatDiam[4.15/10.33] Angular diameter0.01masphys.angSizefloate_Diam[0.08/0.51] Lower uncertainty in Diam0.01masstat.errorfloatE_Diam[0.07/0.54] Upper uncertainty in Diam0.01masstat.error;stat.maxfloatRad[0.598/1.487] RadiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloate_Rad[0.019/0.08] Lower uncertainty in RadsolRadstat.errorfloatE_Rad[0.018/0.084] Upper uncertainty in RadsolRadstat.error;stat.maxfloatDelRad[-8/32.8] Percent difference in radius%phys.size.radiusfloatE_DelRad[2.7/8.7] Upper uncertainty in DelRad%stat.error;stat.maxfloate_DelRad[2.7/8.3] Lower uncertainty in DelRad%stat.errorfloatJ/AJ/153/101/table1Basic Pleiades DatarecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHII[25/3187] The H II region identifiermeta.noteintTychoTycho-2 catalog (Cat. I/259) identifiermeta.id;meta.mainchar2MASS2MASS identifier (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)meta.idcharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainVmag[8.83/13.52] V band magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatB-V[0.38/1.22] The (B-V) color (1)magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Vfloate_B-V[0.02/0.02] Uncertainty in B-V (1)magstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.BfloatV-Ks[0.95/3.224] The (V-K_S_) color (2)magphot.color;em.opt.V;em.IR.Kfloate_V-Ks[0.025/0.039] Uncertainty in V-Ksmagstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.VfloatProt[0.24/9.03288129]? Rotation period (3)dtime.perioddoublenullableBinary[NY] A binary system? (Y=Yes, N=No)meta.codecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar