J/AJ/150/57ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/150/57doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51500057CDSDhital S.West A.A.Stassun K.G.Schluns K.J.Massey A.P.2017-01-23T22:00:00Z2016-01-26T06:59:23ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsm-starsdwarf-starsvisible-astronomysloan-photometrystellar-spectral-typesWe present the Sloan Low-mass Wide Pairs of Kinematically Equivalent Stars (SLoWPoKES)-II catalog of low-mass visual binaries identified from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) by matching photometric distances. The candidate pairs are vetted by comparing the stellar information. The candidate pairs are vetted by comparing the stellar density at their respective Galactic positions to Monte Carlo realizations of a simulated Milky Way. In this way, we are able to identify large numbers of bona fide wide binaries without the need for proper motions. Here, 105537 visual binaries with angular separations of ~1-20" were identified, each with a probability of chance alignment of {<=}5%. This is the largest catalog of bona fide wide binaries to date, and it contains a diversity of systems--in mass, mass ratios, binary separations, metallicity, and evolutionary states--that should facilitate follow-up studies to characterize the properties of M dwarfs and white dwarfs. There is a subtle but definitive suggestion of multiple populations in the physical separation distribution, supporting earlier findings. We suggest that wide binaries are composed of multiple populations, most likely representing different formation modes. There are 141 M7 or later wide binary candidates, representing a seven-fold increase over the number currently known. These binaries are too wide to have been formed via the ejection mechanism. Finally, we found that 6% of spectroscopically confirmed M dwarfs are not included in the SDSS STAR catalog; they are misclassified as extended sources due to the presence of a nearby or partially resolved companion. The SLoWPoKES-II catalog is publicly available to the entire community on the World Wide Web via the Filtergraph data visualization portal.2015AJ....150...57Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/150/57CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/139 : The SDSS Photometric Catalog, Release 9 (Adelman-McCarthy+, 2012)II/294 : The SDSS Photometric Catalog, Release 7 (Adelman-McCarthy+, 2009)J/AJ/143/67 : SLoWPoKES. II. Properties of wide, low-mass binariesJ/ApJS/204/5 : SDSS DR7 white dwarf catalog (Kleinman+, 2013)J/AJ/141/97 : SDSS DR7 M dwarfs (West+, 2011)J/AJ/139/2566 : SLoWPoKES catalog (Dhital+, 2010)J/AJ/135/785 : SDSS-DR5 low-mass star spectroscopic sample (West+, 2008)J/ApJS/167/40 : SDSS4 confirmed white dwarfs catalog (Eisenstein+, 2006)J/AJ/128/426 : Subdwarfs in the SDSS (West+, 2004)J/A+A/356/529 : Catalog of wide binaries (Allen+ 2000)http://slowpokes.vanderbilt.edu/ : Online SLoWPoKES and SLoWPoKES-II catalogshttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/150/57https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/150/57http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/150/57https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/150/57https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/150/57http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/150/57GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/150/57/table3 (Properties of SLoWPoKES-II pairs (dM+MS))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/150/57/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/150/57/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/150/57/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.001853065.797406110.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/150/57/table4 (Very Low-Mass (VLM) binary candidates in SLoWPoKES-II)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/150/57/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/150/57/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/150/57/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.47633194-9.716863890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/150/57/table5 (Candidate White Dwarf+M dwarf systems (WD+dM))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/150/57/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/150/57/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/150/57/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.6516569416.045890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/150/57/table6 (Candidate M subdwarf systems (sdM+sdM))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/150/57/table6?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/150/57/table6?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/150/57/table6?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.7839288925.855226110.0055555555555555561/8 2/16 19 25 36 73 74 75 76 77 109 3/34 68 70 71 72 73 75 80 82 83 85 88 90 91 94 97 112 114 116 148 150 152 154 155 160 161 162 164 165 168 171 177 184 193 197 208 271 275 277 278 280 282 283 286 287 291 312 313 316 317 318 405 406 407 410 411 412 413 414 421 423 427 428 430 431 432 435 442 444 447 491 494 495 506 4/0 2 34 40 42 46 47 129 130 131 132 133 134 140 160 162 163 276 278 279 297 299 325 326 327 336 338 339 344 346 347 348 350 351 357 358 359 369 373 374 375 381 382 383 396 397 399 452 455 460 461 462 468 472 599 605 607 612 613 614 624 626 629 631 632 634 639 652 654 655 664 665 666 668 669 671 676 677 678 680 681 682 690 692 693 695 697 698 699 700 703 704 705 706 712 713 714 720 722 724 744 746 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36761 36762 36763 36771 36774 36775 36816 36817 36818 36824 36826 36852 36854 36855 38869 38871 38877 40927 40938 40939 40942 40943 40947 44014 44015 44026 44347 44349 44350 44351 44394 44395 44398 44399 44433 44436 44437 44480 44481 44483 44489 44491 44506 44513 44515 44521 44522 44523 44524 44525 44526 44574 44575 44605 44607 44618 44652 44654 44693 44740 44742 44744 44745 44747 44762 44769 44784 44786 44792 44794 44795 44855 44863 44868 44870 44876 44878 44900 44902 44908 44949 44951 44957 44959 45023 45037 45038 45039 45043 48551 48560 48562 48563 48568 48569 48571 48618 48671 48693 48694 48695 48714 48718 48730 48731 48734 48736 48738 48739 48748 48749 48752 48753 48754 48760 48761 48849 48851 48857 48859 48879 48884 48885 48886 48892 48893 48894 48897 48898 48899 48902 48903 48908 48909 48910 48913 48940 48941 48948 48950 48951 48956 48957 48966 48968 48969 48971 48983 48986 48987 48993 48994 48995 48996 48997 48999 49024 49025 49026 49032 49077 49078 49079 49083 49091 49093 49094 49095 49124 49126 49128 49129 491302.040811542443644e-19 4.653515163505597e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/150/57?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/150/57/table3Properties of SLoWPoKES-II pairs (dM+MS)SpT2Secondary photometric spectral type (ND=No Data)src.spTypecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSLWSLoWPoKES identifier (HHMM+DDMM, J2000) (1)meta.id;meta.maincharindexedRAJ2000[0/360] Primary Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDEJ2000[-25/85] Primary Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedRA2deg[0/360] Secondary Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.raDE2deg[-25/85] Secondary Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.decDist1[25/2499] Primary photometric distancepcpos.distance;photintDist2[25/2598] Secondary photometric distancepcpos.distance;photintSep[1/20] Angular separation of the CPM pair {theta}arcsecpos.angDistancefloatPA[-179/179] Position Angle of the binarydegpos.posAngintgmag1[14.6/25.6] Primary SDSS psfmag in g-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmag1[0.01/41.2] Error in gmag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatrmag1[13.6/24] Primary SDSS psfmag in r-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmag1[0/0.9] Error in rmag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatimag1[13.1/21.4] Primary SDSS psfmag in i-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag1[0/0.1] Error in imag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatzmag1[12.5/20.6] Primary SDSS psfmag in z-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_zmag1[0.01/0.1] Error in zmag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatgmag2[13.6/26.5] Secondary SDSS psfmag in g-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmag2[0.01/52.1] Error in gmag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatrmag2[13.3/24.5] Secondary SDSS psfmag in r-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmag2[0/1.5] Error in rmag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatimag2[13.2/21.9] Secondary SDSS psfmag in i-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag2[0/0.1] Error in imag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatzmag2[12.8/20.7] Secondary SDSS psfmag in z-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_zmag2[0.01/0.1] Error in zmag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatSpT1Primary photometric spectral type (ND=No Data)src.spTypecharProb[0/0.05] Probability of chance alignment P_f_ (3)%stat.probabilityfloatSDSSDisplay the photometric data from SDSS-DR9 (cat. V/139) within 20''meta.ref.urlcharJ/AJ/150/57/table4Very Low-Mass (VLM) binary candidates in SLoWPoKES-IIrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSLWSLoWPoKES identifier (HHMM+DDMM, J2000) (1)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000[0/360] Primary Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-25/85] Primary Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainRA2deg[0/360] Secondary Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.raDE2deg[-25/85] Secondary Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.decDist1[25/2499] Primary photometric distancepcpos.distance;photintDist2[25/2598] Secondary photometric distancepcpos.distance;photintSep[1/20] Angular separation of the CPM pair {theta}arcsecpos.angDistancefloatPA[-179/179] Position Angle of the binarydegpos.posAngintgmag1[14.6/25.6] Primary SDSS psfmag in g-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmag1[0.01/41.2] Error in gmag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatrmag1[13.6/24] Primary SDSS psfmag in r-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmag1[0/0.9] Error in rmag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatimag1[13.1/21.4] Primary SDSS psfmag in i-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag1[0/0.1] Error in imag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatzmag1[12.5/20.6] Primary SDSS psfmag in z-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_zmag1[0.01/0.1] Error in zmag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatgmag2[13.6/26.5] Secondary SDSS psfmag in g-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmag2[0.01/52.1] Error in gmag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatrmag2[13.3/24.5] Secondary SDSS psfmag in r-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmag2[0/1.5] Error in rmag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatimag2[13.2/21.9] Secondary SDSS psfmag in i-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag2[0/0.1] Error in imag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatzmag2[12.8/20.7] Secondary SDSS psfmag in z-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_zmag2[0.01/0.1] Error in zmag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatSpT1Primary photometric spectral type (ND=No Data)src.spTypecharSpT2Secondary photometric spectral type (ND=No Data)src.spTypecharProb[0/0.05] Probability of chance alignment P_f_ (3)%stat.probabilityfloatSDSSDisplay the photometric data from SDSS-DR9 (cat. V/139) within 20''meta.ref.urlcharJ/AJ/150/57/table5Candidate White Dwarf+M dwarf systems (WD+dM)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSLWSLoWPoKES identifier (HHMM+DDMM, J2000) (1)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000[0/360] Primary Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-25/85] Primary Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainRA2deg[0/360] Secondary Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.raDE2deg[-25/85] Secondary Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.decDist1[25/2499] Primary photometric distancepcpos.distance;photintDist2[25/2598] Secondary photometric distancepcpos.distance;photintSep[1/20] Angular separation of the CPM pair {theta}arcsecpos.angDistancefloatPA[-179/179] Position Angle of the binarydegpos.posAngintgmag1[14.6/25.6] Primary SDSS psfmag in g-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmag1[0.01/41.2] Error in gmag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatrmag1[13.6/24] Primary SDSS psfmag in r-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmag1[0/0.9] Error in rmag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatimag1[13.1/21.4] Primary SDSS psfmag in i-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag1[0/0.1] Error in imag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatzmag1[12.5/20.6] Primary SDSS psfmag in z-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_zmag1[0.01/0.1] Error in zmag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatgmag2[13.6/26.5] Secondary SDSS psfmag in g-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmag2[0.01/52.1] Error in gmag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatrmag2[13.3/24.5] Secondary SDSS psfmag in r-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmag2[0/1.5] Error in rmag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatimag2[13.2/21.9] Secondary SDSS psfmag in i-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag2[0/0.1] Error in imag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatzmag2[12.8/20.7] Secondary SDSS psfmag in z-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_zmag2[0.01/0.1] Error in zmag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatSpT1Primary photometric spectral type (ND=No Data)src.spTypecharSpT2Secondary photometric spectral type (ND=No Data)src.spTypecharProb[0/0.05] Probability of chance alignment P_f_ (3)%stat.probabilityfloatSDSSDisplay the photometric data from SDSS-DR9 (cat. V/139) within 20''meta.ref.urlcharJ/AJ/150/57/table6Candidate M subdwarf systems (sdM+sdM)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSLWSLoWPoKES identifier (HHMM+DDMM, J2000) (1)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000[0/360] Primary Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-25/85] Primary Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainRA2deg[0/360] Secondary Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.raDE2deg[-25/85] Secondary Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.decDist1[25/2499] Primary photometric distancepcpos.distance;photintDist2[25/2598] Secondary photometric distancepcpos.distance;photintSep[1/20] Angular separation of the CPM pair {theta}arcsecpos.angDistancefloatPA[-179/179] Position Angle of the binarydegpos.posAngintgmag1[14.6/25.6] Primary SDSS psfmag in g-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmag1[0.01/41.2] Error in gmag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatrmag1[13.6/24] Primary SDSS psfmag in r-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmag1[0/0.9] Error in rmag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatimag1[13.1/21.4] Primary SDSS psfmag in i-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag1[0/0.1] Error in imag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatzmag1[12.5/20.6] Primary SDSS psfmag in z-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_zmag1[0.01/0.1] Error in zmag1magstat.error;phot.magfloatgmag2[13.6/26.5] Secondary SDSS psfmag in g-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmag2[0.01/52.1] Error in gmag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatrmag2[13.3/24.5] Secondary SDSS psfmag in r-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmag2[0/1.5] Error in rmag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatimag2[13.2/21.9] Secondary SDSS psfmag in i-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag2[0/0.1] Error in imag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatzmag2[12.8/20.7] Secondary SDSS psfmag in z-band (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_zmag2[0.01/0.1] Error in zmag2magstat.error;phot.magfloatSpT1Primary photometric spectral type (ND=No Data)src.spTypecharSpT2Secondary photometric spectral type (ND=No Data)src.spTypecharProb[0/0.05] Probability of chance alignment P_f_ (3)%stat.probabilityfloatSDSSDisplay the photometric data from SDSS-DR9 (cat. V/139) within 20''meta.ref.urlchar