J/AJ/147/94ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/147/94doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51470094CDSDieterich S.B.Henry T.J.Jao W.-C.Winters J.G.Hosey A.D.,Riedel A.R.Subasavage J.P.2024-10-11T20:09:36Z2015-01-20T08:12:07ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frdwarf-starsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomyphotometrytrigonometric-parallaxproper-motionseffective-temperatureWe construct a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram for the stellar/substellar boundary based on a sample of 63 objects ranging in spectral type from M6V to L4. We report newly observed VRI photometry for all 63 objects and new trigonometric parallaxes for 37 objects. The remaining 26 objects have trigonometric parallaxes from the literature. We combine our optical photometry and trigonometric parallaxes with 2MASS and WISE photometry and employ a novel spectral energy distribution fitting algorithm to determine effective temperatures, bolometric luminosities, and radii. Our uncertainties range from ~20K to ~150K in temperature, ~0.01 to ~0.06 in log (L/L_{sun}_) and ~3% to ~10% in radius. We check our methodology by comparing our calculated radii to radii directly measured via long baseline optical interferometry. We find evidence for the local minimum in the radius-temperature and radius-luminosity trends that signals the end of the stellar main sequence and the start of the brown dwarf sequence at T_eff_~2075K, log(L/L_{sun}_)~-3.9, and (R/R_{sun}_)~0.086. The existence of this local minimum is predicted by evolutionary models, but at temperatures ~400K cooler. The minimum radius happens near the locus of 2MASS J0523-1403, an L2.5 dwarf with V-K=9.42. We make qualitative arguments as to why the effects of the recent revision in solar abundances accounts for the discrepancy between our findings and the evolutionary models. We also report new color-absolute magnitude relations for optical and infrared colors which are useful for estimating photometric distances. We study the optical variability of all 63 targets and find an overall variability fraction of 36_-7_^+9^% at a threshold of 15mmag in the I band, which is in agreement with previous studies.2014AJ....147...94Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/147/94CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)II/311 : WISE All-Sky Data Release (Cutri+ 2012)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)http://wise2.ipac.caltech.edu/docs/release/allsky/ : WISE All Sky CatalogJ/AJ/144/64 : Solar neighborhood. XXVIII. Substellar companionsJ/AJ/142/92 : New proper motion stars with pm>=0.18"/yr (Boyd+, 2011)J/AJ/142/10 : New proper motion stars 0.40"/yr>pm>=0.18"/yr (Boyd+, 2011)J/AJ/141/21 : CCD distance estimates of SCR targets (Winters+, 2011)J/AJ/134/252 : New nearby white dwarf systems (Subasavage+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2898 : New proper-motion stars (-90<DE< -47) (Finch+, 2007)J/AJ/130/1658 : New high proper motion stars (-47<DE< -00) (Subasavage+, 2005)J/AJ/129/413 : New high proper motion stars (-90<DE< -47) (Subasavage+, 2005)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/147/94https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/147/94http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/147/94https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/147/94https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/147/94http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/147/94GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/147/94/table1 (Observed and derived properties)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/147/94/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/147/94/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/147/94/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.145417-40.7350.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/147/94/table4 (New trigonometric parallaxes, proper motions, and optical variability)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/147/94/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/147/94/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/147/94/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.145417-40.7350.0055555555555555566/250 4685 4775 4867 5000 8381 8794 8972 16434 16440 16645 18060 18683 19857 20754 21209 22535 23010 23144 24824 24887 24897 25310 25314 25411 26699 27110 27383 27413 27462 27704 30505 30749 30833 30883 30925 31011 31268 31296 34535 34626 34803 35451 35471 35499 35864 36640 38176 39140 39807 40485 40669 40738 40941 41557 43475 43966 44226 44306 45834 46203 489571.3088508223161842e-20 3.852589004194616e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/147/94?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/147/94/table1Observed and derived propertiese_W2mag? Error in W2magmagstat.error;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullableW3magWISE W3 (12{mu}m) band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloate_W3mag? Error in W3magmagstat.error;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullableWISEData from AllWISE catalog within 15''meta.ref.urlcharTeff? Derived effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintnullablee_Teff? Error in TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintnullablelogL? Derived log of the luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosityfloatnullablee_logL? Error in logLlog(solLum)stat.error;phys.luminosityfloatnullableRad? Derived radiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[1/63] Running sequence number of the objectmeta.numberintprimaryn_Seq[d] Indicates a note (in notes.dat file)meta.notecharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainNameObject namemeta.id;meta.maincharSpTMK spectral typesrc.spTypecharr_SpT? Reference for SpT (in refs.dat file)meta.ref;src.spTypeintnullablepmProper motionarcsec/yrpos.pmfloatpmPAProper motion position angle (East of North)degpos.pm;pos.posAngfloatplx[37/420] Trigonometric parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plxError in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatr_plxReference for plx (in refs.dat file) (1)meta.ref;pos.parallaxcharnewSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharVtanTangential velocitykm/sphys.veloc.transversefloatVmagC? Johnson V band magnitude from CTIO 0.9m (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_VmagC? Error in VmagCmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableRmagC? Cousins R band magnitude from CTIO 0.9m (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_RmagC? Error in RmagCmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.RfloatnullableImagC? Cousins I band magnitude from CTIO 0.9m (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_ImagC? Error in ImagCmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableVmagS? Bessel V band magnitude from SOAR (3)magphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_VmagS? Error in VmagSmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableRmagS? Bessel R band magnitude from SOAR (3)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_RmagS? Error in RmagSmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.RfloatnullableImagS? Bessel I band magnitude from SOAR (3)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_ImagS? Error in ImagSmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableP[CS] Adopted photometry (C=CTIO 0.9m, S=SOAR)meta.ref;pos.framecharNeNumber of epochs for adopted photometrymeta.numberintVmagAdopted V-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableRmagAdopted R-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatnullableImag? Converted CTIO 0.9m I band photometry (4)magphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableJmag2MASS J band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_JmagError in Jmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatHmag2MASS H band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloate_HmagError in Hmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.HfloatKmag2MASS Ks band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloate_KmagError in Kmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.KfloatW1magWISE W1 (3.4{mu}m) band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloate_W1magError in W1magmagstat.error;em.IR.3-4umfloatW2magWISE W2 (4.6{mu}m) band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloate_Rad? Error in RadsolRadstat.error;phys.size.radiusfloatnullableNoteAdditional notes (5)meta.notechar2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri et al. 2003, Cat. II/246)meta.ref.urlcharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharJ/AJ/147/94/table4New trigonometric parallaxes, proper motions, and optical variabilityrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[1/63] Running sequence number of the objectmeta.numberintPSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharNameName of the objectmeta.id;meta.maincharf_Name[e] No V photometry (1)meta.codecharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainFltFilter (I or R)meta.id;instr.filtercharNs[3/10] Number of seasons observed (2)meta.numberintf_Ns[cs] c=continuous, s=scattered observations (3)meta.codecharNf[18/112] Total number of images used in reduction (4)meta.numberintDate0[1999/2011] Starting date of observationyrtime.start;obsfloatDate1[2007/2014] Ending date of observationyrtime.end;obsfloatNyr[2/13] Number of years during the coverageyrtime.intervalfloatNr[5/15] Number of reference stars used to reduce the parallaxmeta.numberintplx1Relative trigonometric parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx1Error in plx1masstat.errorfloatplxCTrigonometric parallax correctionmasarith.factorfloate_plxCError in plxCmasstat.errorfloatplx2Absolute trigonometric parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx2Error in plx2masstat.errorfloatpmProper motionmas/yrpos.pmfloate_pmError in pmmas/yrstat.errorfloatpmPAProper motion position angle (East of North)degpos.pm;pos.posAngfloate_pmPAError in PAdegstat.errorfloatVtanTangential velocitykm/sphys.veloc.transversefloatAmp? Photometric variability of the science targetmmagsrc.var.amplitudefloatnullableJ/AJ/147/94/notesNotesNameObject namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSpTMK spectral typesrc.spTypecharSeq[1/63] Running sequence number of the objectmeta.numberintTextText of notemeta.noteJ/AJ/147/94/refsReferencesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference numbermeta.id;meta.mainintBibCodeBibliographic codemeta.bib.bibcodecharAutAuthor's namemeta.bib.authorcharCatVizieR catalogmeta.id;meta.tablechar