J/AJ/145/52ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/145/52doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51450052CDSMann A.W.Brewer J.M.Gaidos E.Lepine S.Hilton E.J.2017-12-15T10:55:57Z2014-04-09T09:06:29ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frf-starsstellar-spectral-typeseffective-temperaturechemical-abundancesKnowledge of late K and M dwarf metallicities can be used to guide planet searches and constrain planet formation models. However, the determination of metallicities of late-type stars is difficult because visible wavelength spectra of their cool atmospheres contain many overlapping absorption lines, preventing the measurement of equivalent widths. We present new methods, and improved calibrations of existing methods, to determine metallicities of late K and M dwarfs from moderate resolution (1300<R<2000) visible and infrared spectra. We select a sample of 112 wide binary systems that contain a late-type companion to a solar-type primary star. Our sample includes 62 primary stars with previously published metallicities, as well as 50 stars with metallicities determined from our own observations. We use our sample to empirically determine which features in the spectrum of the companion are best correlated with the metallicity of the primary. We find ~120 features in K and M dwarf spectra that are useful for predicting metallicity. We derive metallicity calibrations for different wavelength ranges, and show that it is possible to get metallicities reliable to <0.10dex using either visible, J-, H-, or K-band spectra. We find that the most accurate metallicities derived from visible spectra requires the use of different calibrations for early-type (K5.5-M2) and late-type (M2-M6) dwarfs. Our calibrations are applicable to dwarfs with metallicities of -1.04<[Fe/H]<+0.56 and spectral types from K7 to M5. Lastly, we use our sample of wide binaries to test and refine existing calibrations to determine M dwarf metallicities. We find that the {zeta} parameter, which measures the ratio of TiO can CaH bands, is correlated with [Fe/H] for super-solar metallicities, and {zeta} does not always correctly identify metal-poor M dwarfs. We also find that existing calibrations in the K and H bands are quite reliable for stars with [Fe/H]>-0.5, but are less useful for more metal-poor stars.2013AJ....145...52Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/145/52CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/pastel : The PASTEL catalogue (Soubiran+, 2010-)I/317 : The PPMXL Catalog (Roeser+ 2010)I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)I/298 : LSPM-North Catalog (Lepine+ 2005)I/239 : The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues (ESA 1997)J/AJ/144/102 : Cat. of wide companions to Hipparcos stars (Tokovinin+, 2012)J/AJ/143/67 : SLoWPoKES. II. Properties of wide, low-mass binariesJ/ApJ/753/90 : Stellar paramet. of K5 & later type Kepler stars (Mann+, 2012)J/ApJ/748/93 : K-band spectra for 133 nearby M dwarfs (Rojas-Ayala+, 2012)J/AJ/142/138 : All-sky catalog of bright M dwarfs (Lepine+, 2011)J/A+A/526/A71 : C abundances in G and K nearby stars (Da Silva+, 2011)J/A+A/533/A141 : Stellar parameters for 582 HARPS FGK stars (Sousa+, 2011)J/AJ/139/2566 : SLoWPoKES catalog (Dhital+, 2010)J/PASP/121/117 : Fe & Ti abundance of 12 low-metallicity M stars (Woolf+, 2009)J/AJ/133/889 : Faint companions of Hipparcos stars (Lepine+, 2007)J/ApJS/169/430 : Atmospheric parame. of 1907 metal-rich stars (Robinson+, 2007)J/ApJS/159/141 : Spectroscopic properties of cool stars. I. (Valenti+, 2005)J/PASJ/57/27 : Atmospheric parameters of nearby F-K stars (Takeda+, 2005)J/ApJS/150/455 : New HIP-based parallaxes for 424 faint stars (Gould+, 2004)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/145/52https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/145/52http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/145/52https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/145/52https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/145/52http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/145/52GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/145/52/table1 (Wide binary sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/145/52/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/145/52/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/145/52/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true3.810753.07940.0055555555555555566/131 404 721 824 1692 1694 1762 1788 1875 2737 2978 3118 3313 4145 4161 4881 5009 5091 5304 5466 5873 5948 6066 6662 6701 7354 7382 7753 7831 8584 8717 8814 9399 9801 9888 10062 10790 11248 11385 11391 11403 11455 11546 12507 12856 12890 13473 13663 13931 13938 14089 14144 14252 14419 14814 14850 16046 16941 17341 17453 17496 18003 18112 18379 18775 18966 19312 19323 19778 19836 20402 22040 22172 22878 22903 23018 23213 23401 23575 23738 23978 24297 25795 25875 25880 26015 26522 26924 27594 27678 27765 27802 27895 27973 28258 28421 29565 29756 30576 30848 31014 31397 31770 32324 32575 32645 32656 36451 40679 44025 44571 44884https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/145/52?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/145/52/table1Wide binary sampleSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName of the companion star (late K or M dwarf)meta.id.assoccharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSpTSpectral type of the companion star (1)src.spTypecharHIPIdentifier of the primary (F, G, or K star) (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharprimary[Fe/H]The [Fe/H] metallicity of the primary (2)log(Sun)phys.abund.ZfloatASimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchare_[Fe/H]Uncertainty in [Fe/H]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abund.Fefloatr_[Fe/H]Reference for [Fe/H] (3)meta.refchar[M/H]? Metallicity of the primary (2)log(Sun)phys.abund.Zfloatnullablee_[M/H]? Uncertainty in [M/H]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullabler_[M/H]Reference for [M/H] (3)meta.ref;pos.framecharJ/AJ/145/52/table2Parameters of primary stars observed at Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHIPIdentifier of primary (F, G, or K star) (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharTeffEffective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_TeffError in TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintloggSurface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloate_loggError in logglog(cm.s**-2)stat.errorfloat[Fe/H]The [Fe/H] metallicitylog(Sun)phys.abund.Zfloate_[Fe/H]Error in [Fe/H]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abund.Fefloat[M/H]Metallicitylog(Sun)phys.abund.Zfloate_[M/H]Error in [M/H]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloat[Na/H]Abundance of Nalog(Sun)phys.abundfloate_[Na/H]Error in [Na/H]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloat[Ti/H]Abundance of Tilog(Sun)phys.abundfloate_[Ti/H]Error in [Ti/H]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloat[Si/H]Abundance of Silog(Sun)phys.abundfloate_[Si/H]Error in [Si/H]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloat[Ni/H]Abundance of Nilog(Sun)phys.abundfloate_[Ni/H]Error in [Ni/H]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloatchi2Reduced {chi}^2^ (1)stat.fit.chi2floatRunRun type (ITER or VESTA) (2)meta.notecharJ/AJ/145/52/table5Metal-sensitive features in the near-IR spectrumrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintF[1/22]? Feature number (1)meta.idintnullablelambda[0.398/2.3844] Center wavelength (2)umem.wlfloatW[20/98] Feature width; in {AA} (3)0.1nmspect.line.widthintr1[0.1/0.86]? Correlation coefficient for all dwarfs (K5.5-M6.0), [Fe/H] (4)stat.correlationfloatnullabler2[0.19/0.89]? Correlation coefficient for early-type dwarfs (K5.5-M2.0), [Fe/H] (4)stat.correlationfloatnullabler3[0.18/0.83]? Correlation coefficient for late-type dwarfs (M2.0-M6.0), [Fe/H] (4)stat.correlationfloatnullabler4[0.1/0.78]? Correlation coefficient for all dwarfs (K5.5-M6.0), [M/H] (4)stat.correlationfloatnullabler5[0.2/0.86]? Correlation coefficient for early-type dwarfs (K5.5-M2.0), [M/H] (4)stat.correlationfloatnullabler6[0.18/0.68]? Correlation coefficient for late-type dwarfs (M2.0-M6.0), [M/H] (4)stat.correlationfloatnullable