J/A+A/710/A285ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/710/A285CDSBoeche C.Alonso-Santiago J.Bragaglia A.Frasca A.Vallenari A.,Kallimanis I.N.Carrera R.Bossini D.Lucatello S.D'Orazi V.Costa G.2026-06-19T11:32:22Z2026-06-19T12:31:30ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clusterschemical-abundancesradial-velocityeffective-temperaturevisible-astronomyNGC 2509 is a distant (~2.5kpc) and little-studied open cluster located in the third Galactic quadrant. It is a moderately old cluster, whose age has not yet been precisely determined. The main-sequence stars in NGC 2509 follow a narrow distribution in the color-magnitude diagram, unlike other clusters of similar age. In addition, its chemical composition has never been investigated. To address these issues and characterize the cluster we performed moderate- and high-resolution spectroscopy with FLAMES@VLT of 132 stars, both dwarfs and giants, which represents a significant fraction (~73%) of likely members. We provide atmospheric stellar parameters and, for the first time, chemical abundances for 21 species with atomic numbers up to 60. In our analysis we followed two different methodologies, both of which will be used for the incoming WEAVE stellar surveys. We find an average radial velocity for NGC 2509 of 58.6+/-1.3km/s and a mild supersolar metallicity ([Fe/H]~0.1dex). This value is slightly higher than expected according to its galactocentric distance, but still compatible with the Galactic gradient. From the lithium content of the dwarfs and the isochrone-fitting method we obtain an age for NGC 2509 of 1.26+/-0.3Gyr. The reddening across the cluster field is negligible (A_V_=0.25+/-0.02mag). The cluster peculiar main sequence turnoff is due to a narrow distribution of the rotational velocities peaking at vsini~80km/s, with little dispersion. The chemical pattern of NGC 2509 follows the Galactic trends shown by other open clusters in the Galactic thin disk.2026A&A...710A.285Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/710/A285CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/710/A285https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/710/A285http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/710/A285https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/710/A285https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/710/A285http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/710/A285GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/710/A285/tablec1 (Targets, observing modes, radial velocity, vsini, and AP (measured by ROTFIT))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/710/A285/tablec1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/710/A285/tablec1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/710/A285/tablec1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true120.1869194-19.04094110.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/710/A285/tablec2 (Stellar parameters and chemical abundances derived with SP_Ace)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/710/A285/tablec2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/710/A285/tablec2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/710/A285/tablec2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true120.0564036-19.080340.0055555555555555566/40601 40603-406041.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/710/A285?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/710/A285/tablec1Targets, observing modes, radial velocity, vsini, and AP (measured by ROTFIT)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintAbundindicates abundances in table C2meta.ref.urlcharGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source IDmeta.id;meta.mainprimary1of3Observed/wavelength window in the 1st observing runmeta.codechar2of3Observed/wavelength window in the 2nd observing runmeta.codechar3of3Observed/wavelength window in the 3rd observing runmeta.codecharGmagGaia DR3 G mean magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optdoubleBP-RPGaia DR3 GBP-GRP colormagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RdoubleTeff? Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintnullablee_Teff? Teff errorKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintnullablelogg? log surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatnullablee_logg? logg errorlog(cm.s**-2)stat.errorfloatnullable[Fe/H]? Iron abundance relative to the Sunlog(Sun)phys.abund.Fefloatnullablee_[Fe/H]? [Fe/H] errorlog(Sun)stat.error;phys.abund.FefloatnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharvsini? Projected rotational velocitykm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatnullablee_vsini? vsini errorkm/sstat.error;phys.veloc.rotatfloatnullableRV? Average heliocentric radial velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.heliocentric;stat.meanfloatnullablee_RV? RV errorkm/sstat.errorfloatnullableSpTypeSpectral Typesrc.spTypecharHRusedGIRAFFE HR interval observedmeta.id;instrcharRemarksBinaritymeta.notechargaiadr3Display the Gaia DR3 datameta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from Gaia DR3 (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Gaia DR3 (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/710/A285/tablec2Stellar parameters and chemical abundances derived with SP_Ace[M/H][0.01/0.38] Metallicityphys.abundfloatb_[Mn/H][-0.34/0.22]? [Mn/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharMode[giraffe uves] Spectrograph usedinstr.setupcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source IDmeta.id;meta.mainconv[0] SP_Ace convergence (1)meta.codeintRVb[0.3/3.9] Radial velocity correction in the blue windowkm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatRVr[-21.7/2.4] Radial velocity correction in the red windowkm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatFWHMb[0.16/0.57] Full Width Half Maximum adopted in the blue window0.1nmspect.line.widthfloatFWHMr[0.18/3.07] Full Width Half Maximum adopted in the red window0.1nmspect.line.widthfloatSNR[19.1/88.6] Signal-to-Noise Ratiostat.snrfloatchisq[0.35/1.69] Chi squared from model fittingstat.fit.chi2floatTeff[4514/6458] effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintb_Teff[4481/6423] Teff lower limitKphys.temperature.effective;stat.minintB_Teff[4523/6476]? Teff upper limitKphys.temperature.effective;stat.maxintnullablelogg[2.56/4.87] log surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatb_logg[2.48/4.82] logg lower limitlog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravity;stat.minfloatB_logg[2.62/5.12]? logg upper limitlog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravity;stat.maxfloatnullableb_[M/H][-0.04/0.36] [M/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatB_[M/H][0.03/0.37]? [M/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullable[Fe/H][0.03/0.44] Iron abundance [Fe/H]phys.abundfloatb_[Fe/H][-0.05/0.42] [Fe/H] lower limitphys.abund.Fe;stat.minfloatB_[Fe/H][0.04/0.47] [Fe/H] upper limitphys.abund.Fe;stat.maxfloato_[Fe/H][233/1355] Number of Fe lines measuredmeta.numberint[Na/H][-0.06/0.96]? Natrium abundance [Na/H]phys.abundfloatnullableb_[Na/H][-0.08/0.79]? [Na/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[Na/H][0.13/1.16]? [Na/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullableo_[Na/H][0/8] Number of Na lines measuredmeta.numberint[Mg/H][-0.27/0.58]? Magnesium abundance [Mg/H]phys.abundfloatnullableb_[Mg/H][-0.27/0.49]? [Mg/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[Mg/H][-0.12/0.66]? [Mg/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullableo_[Mg/H][2/8] Number of Mg lines measuredmeta.numberint[Al/H][-0.00/0.47]? Aluminum abundance [Al/H]phys.abundfloatnullableb_[Al/H][-0.13/0.41]? [Al/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[Al/H][0.1/0.54]? [Al/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullableo_[Al/H][3/10] Number of Al lines measuredmeta.numberint[Si/H][0.03/0.37] Silicon abundance [Si/H]phys.abundfloatb_[Si/H][0.01/0.33] [Si/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatB_[Si/H][0.05/0.4] [Si/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloato_[Si/H][40/126] Number of Si lines measuredmeta.numberint[Ca/H][-0.15/0.52] Calcium abundance [Ca/H]phys.abundfloatb_[Ca/H][-0.29/0.47]? [Ca/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[Ca/H][-0.1/0.58] [Ca/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloato_[Ca/H][15/54] Number of Ca lines measuredmeta.numberint[Sc/H][-0.31/0.32]? Scandium abundance [Sc/H]phys.abundfloatnullableb_[Sc/H][-0.29/0.23]? [Sc/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[Sc/H][-0.18/0.45]? [Sc/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullableo_[Sc/H][1/77] Number of Sc lines measuredmeta.numberint[Ti/H][0.08/0.57] Titanium abundance [Ti/H]phys.abundfloatb_[Ti/H][-0.11/0.49] [Ti/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatB_[Ti/H][0.11/0.66] [Ti/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloato_[Ti/H][22/405] Number of Ti lines measuredmeta.numberint[V/H][-0.08/0.46] Vanadium abundance [V/H]phys.abundfloatb_[V/H][-0.25/0.39]? [V/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[V/H][0.02/0.54] [V/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloato_[V/H][9/187] Number of V lines measuredmeta.numberint[Cr/H][0.02/0.54] Chromium abundance [Cr/H]phys.abundfloatb_[Cr/H][-0.03/0.45] [Cr/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatB_[Cr/H][0.04/0.66] [Cr/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloato_[Cr/H][11/272] Number of Cr lines measuredmeta.numberint[Mn/H][-0.35/0.38]? Manganese abundance [Mn/H]phys.abundfloatnullableB_[Mn/H][-0.23/0.6]? [Mn/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullableo_[Mn/H][6/113] Number of Mn lines measuredmeta.numberint[Co/H][0.03/0.44] Cobalt abundance [Co/H]phys.abundfloatb_[Co/H][-0.06/0.36] [Co/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatB_[Co/H][0.1/0.51] [Co/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloato_[Co/H][14/217] Number of Co lines measuredmeta.numberint[Ni/H][-0.05/0.47] Nickel abundance [Ni/H]phys.abundfloatb_[Ni/H][-0.21/0.42] [Ni/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatB_[Ni/H][0.04/0.52] [Ni/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloato_[Ni/H][40/233] Number of Ni lines measuredmeta.numberint[Cu/H][-0.24/0.57]? Copper abundance [Cu/H]phys.abundfloatnullableb_[Cu/H][-0.27/0.31]? [Cu/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[Cu/H][-0.01/0.86]? [Cu/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullableo_[Cu/H]Number of Cu lines measuredmeta.numberint[Zn/H][-0.12/0.24]? Zinc abundance [Zn/H]phys.abundfloatnullableb_[Zn/H][-0.28/0.00]? [Zn/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[Zn/H][0.13/0.4]? [Zn/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullableo_[Zn/H]Number of Zn lines measuredmeta.numberint[Y/H][-0.21/0.53]? Yttrium abundance [Y/H]phys.abundfloatnullableb_[Y/H][-0.15/0.35]? [Y/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[Y/H][-0.02/0.96]? [Y/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullableo_[Y/H][1/32] Number of Y_ lines measuredmeta.numberint[Zr/H][0.13/0.71]? Zirconium abundance [Zr/H]phys.abundfloatnullableb_[Zr/H][-0.01/0.3]? [Zr/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[Zr/H][0.22/0.57]? [Zr/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullableo_[Zr/H]Number of Zr lines measuredmeta.numberint[Ba/H][-0.36/0.71]? Barium abundance [Ba/H]phys.abundfloatnullableb_[Ba/H][-0.32/0.32]? [Ba/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[Ba/H][-0.05/0.91]? [Ba/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullableo_[Ba/H][2/6] Number of Ba lines measuredmeta.numberint[La/H][-0.15/0.63]? Lanthanum abundance [La/H]phys.abundfloatnullableb_[La/H][0.01/0.48]? [La/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[La/H][0.33/0.91]? [La/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullableo_[La/H]Number of La lines measuredmeta.numberint[Ce/H][-0.18/0.48]? Cerium abundance [Ce/H]phys.abundfloatnullableb_[Ce/H][-0.23/0.04]? [Ce/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[Ce/H][-0.03/0.71]? [Ce/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullableo_[Ce/H]Number of Ce lines measuredmeta.numberint[Nd/H][-0.23/0.8]? Neodymium abundance [Nd/H]phys.abundfloatnullableb_[Nd/H][-0.12/0.38]? [Nd/H] lower limitphys.abund;stat.minfloatnullableB_[Nd/H][0.15/0.91]? [Nd/H] upper limitphys.abund;stat.maxfloatnullableo_[Nd/H]Number of Nd lines measuredmeta.numberintgaiadr3Display the Gaia DR3 datameta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from Gaia DR3 (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Gaia DR3 (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main