J/A+A/708/A143ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/708/A143CDSBosschaart Q.Guerra-Alvarado O.M.van der Marel N.Mulders G.D.2026-05-04T07:43:19Z2026-04-03T10:51:48ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frstar-forming-regionsyoung-stellar-objectsmillimeter-astronomysubmillimeter-astronomystellar-massesSubstructures such as rings, gaps, and cavities are commonly observed in protoplanetary discs and are thought to play a key role in dust evolution and planet formation. However, a fraction of the extended discs (68% dust radii >30AU) in nearby star-forming regions remain unresolved, leaving their substructure content uncertain and thereby limiting our understanding of dust evolution and the initial conditions for planet formation across the full disc population. We aim to investigate the presence of substructures in previously unresolved, extended discs to assess whether all extended protoplanetary discs in the solar neighbourhood exhibit substructures. This enables a statistical evaluation of substructure occurrence among protoplanetary discs and provides statistical constraints for disc evolution models and comparisons with exoplanet populations. We present new high-resolution (~0.12") ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array) Band 6 continuum observations at 1.33mm of 26 previously unresolved, extended discs within 200pc. This completes the sample of high-resolution observations of extended discs in the nearby star-forming regions Taurus, Ophiuchus, Chamaeleon, Lupus, Upper Scorpius, Upper Centaurus-Lupus, and Lower Centaurus-Crux. We analysed radial intensity profiles using Frankenstein and Galario to detect substructures. Seventeen discs show clear substructures, while nine appear compact and structureless, smooth, or ambiguous due to inclination or possible binarity or late-stage infall. We detect ^12^CO J=2-1 emission in 15 discs, where extended CO emission is observed in four discs. Combined with literature data, our complete sample of 730 protoplanetary discs reveals that nearly all extended discs exhibit substructures, ~91% detected in the full sample, and up to ~98% when correcting for high-inclination systems where substructures may be hidden. Substructures are a near-universal feature of extended protoplanetary discs. Substructures are more commonly detected and, it is proposed, more prevalent in larger, massive discs and around higher-mass stars, and structured discs retain their dust mass over time. This is consistent with the hypothesis that dust traps, possibly induced by giant planets, are key in shaping the dust disc morphologies.2026A&A...708A.143Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/708/A143CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/708/A143https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/708/A143http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/708/A143https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/708/A143https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/708/A143http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/708/A143GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/708/A143/tabled1 (Full disc sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/708/A143/tabled1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/708/A143/tabled1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/708/A143/tabled1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true233.95233-29.982010.0055555555555555565/270 292 9239 10742 10745 10747 11077 11089-11091 11094 11100 6/342 1029 1031 1037 1039-1040 1042-1043 1048 1050-1054 1061 1063 1068 1073-1075 1111 1113-1115 1123-1124 1126 1136 1156-1157 1159 23517 23548-23549 23551 24201 24203 24277 24279 24294-24295 24300 28762 28921 30741 36946 36949 37122 37128-37129 37186 37978 42595 42597-42599 42605 42610-42611 42614-42615 42644 42704-42705 42707 42713-42714 42727 42736-42738 42863 42905-42906 42924 42931 42933 42937 42943 42954 42958-42959 42967 42972 42976-42977 42979 42984-42986 42992 42994 43000-43002 43004 43006 43415 44049 44118 44293 44301 44305 44312-44314 44317-44319 44340 44343 44348 44352 44354-44355 44368 44370-44373 44384-44386 44389-44390 44396-443971.4908656533193022e-22 1.4908656533193022e-22https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/708/A143?format=asciiMillimeterdefaultJ/A+A/708/A143/tabled1Full disc samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSFRStar-forming regionmeta.id.parentcharNameTarget identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharDist? Distancepcpos.distancefloatnullablef_Dist[*] Flag on Dist (2)meta.codecharl_FcontLimit flag on Fcontmeta.code.errorcharFcont? Millimetre continuum flux (1.33mm)mJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.200-400GHzfloatnullableBand? ALMA observing bandinstr.bandpassintnullablel_MdustLimit flag on Mdustmeta.code.errorcharMdust? Dust mass (Earth masses)(5.97236x10+24kg)phys.massfloatnullableSpTypeStellar spectral typesrc.spTypecharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablel_R68Limit flag on R68meta.code.errorcharMass? Stellar masssolMassphys.massfloatnullableR68? 68% effective dust radius (3)auphys.size.radiusintnullableClassDisc morphology class (1)meta.code.class;src.morph.typecharRef1? Reference for stellar propertiesmeta.ref;pos.frameintnullableRef2? Reference for ALMA datameta.ref;pos.frameintnullableRef3? Additional referencemeta.ref;pos.frameintnullableSNameSIMBAD object namemeta.idcharRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/708/A143/refsReferencesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference numbermeta.id;meta.mainintBibCodeBibCodemeta.bib.bibcodecharAutAuthor's namemeta.bib.authorcharComCommentsmeta.notechar