J/A+A/707/A85ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/707/A85CDSNogueira-Silva S.Galli P.A.B.Olivares J.Bouy H.Popowicz B.P.,Merino P.M.Santos-Silva T.Gregorio-Hetem J.Miret-Roig N.Alves J.2026-04-02T06:28:33Z2026-03-10T12:15:31ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frstellar-associationsopen-star-clustersstellar-distanceradial-velocityvisible-astronomyThe Canis Major (CMa) star-forming region, a remote molecular cloud complex within the recently discovered Radcliffe Wave, remains underexplored in literature. We revisit the stellar census in the CMa region, characterizing its stellar population, kinematics, and age using recent astrometric and photometric data from the third data release of the Gaia space mission (Gaia-DR3). We conducted a membership analysis of Gaia-DR3 sources across a 16deg^2^ field encompassing the youngest subgroups in CMa. This new stellar census, combined with spectroscopic observations, allowed us to investigate the structure, kinematics, and age of this region. Results: We identified 1531 objects as members of the CMa region, confirming 401 previously known members and introducing 1130 new candidate members. These objects have magnitudes ranging from 10 to 18mag in G band from Gaia DR3. We identified two subgroups of CMa stars in our sample labeled as Cluster A and Cluster B. They are located at roughly the same distance (d_A_=1150^+79^_-88_pc and d_B_=1183^+103^_-108_pc) and exhibit similar space motions that can be derived thanks to the precise radial velocities obtained in this study. The subgroups have a mean isochronal age of about 2-3Myr. However, based on infrared photometry we show that Cluster A has a higher fraction of disc-bearing stars suggesting that it could be somewhat younger than Cluster B. Our analysis provides new insights into the stellar population of the Canis Major region, by identifying new members, characterizing their kinematics, and assessing their evolutionary stages. Future studies incorporating additional data from upcoming Gaia data releases, multi-wavelength and high-resolution spectroscopic observations will be essential for further advancing our understanding of the history of star formation in this region.2026A&A...707A..85Nhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/707/A85CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/707/A85https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/707/A85http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/707/A85https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/707/A85https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/707/A85http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/707/A85GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/707/A85/tablea1 (Properties of the 1531 cluster members in CMa)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/707/A85/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/707/A85/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/707/A85/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true104.0111861-11.542370.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/707/A85/tablea3 (Properties of the 90 members with radial velocity)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/707/A85/tablea3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/707/A85/tablea3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/707/A85/tablea3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true105.80288-11.47730.0055555555555555565/5410-5411 6/20957 21633-21636 21638-21639 21664-21665 21667-21670https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/707/A85?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/707/A85/tablea1Properties of the 1531 cluster members in CMarecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3Gaia-DR3 designationmeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (Gaia-DR3)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (Gaia-DR3)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decindexedpmRAProper motion in right ascensionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRAProper motion error in right ascensionmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDEProper motion in declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDEProper motion error in declinationmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatplxParallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plxParallax errormasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatGmagMagnitude in G band from Gaia-DR3magphot.mag;em.optfloatG-RPColour (G-RP) from Gaia-DR3magphot.color;em.opt;em.optfloatPmembMembership probability (from 0 to 1)stat.probabilityfloatClusterCMa subgroup from clustering analysismeta.id.parentcharJ/A+A/707/A85/tablea2Membership probability for all sources in the fieldrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3Gaia-DR3 designationmeta.id;meta.mainpin0p6Membership probability with pin=0.6stat.probabilitydoublepin0p7Membership probability with pin=0.7stat.probabilitydoublepin0p8Membership probability with pin=0.8stat.probabilitydoublepin0p9Membership probability with pin=0.9stat.probabilitydoubleJ/A+A/707/A85/tablea3Properties of the 90 members with radial velocity_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decindexedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3Gaia-DR3 designationmeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (Gaia-DR3)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (Gaia-DR3)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainpmRAProper motion in right ascensionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRAProper motion error in right ascensionmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDEProper motion in declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDEProper motion error in declinationmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatplxParallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plxParallax errormasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatRVRadial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RVRadial velocity errorkm/sstat.errorfloatDistDistancepcpos.distancefloatE_DistDistance error (plus)pcstat.error;stat.maxfloate_DistDistance error (minus)pcstat.errorfloatUvelU-velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.xfloatE_UvelU-velocity error (plus)km/sstat.error;stat.maxfloate_UvelU-velocity error (minus)km/sstat.errorfloatVvelV-velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.yfloatE_VvelV-velocity error (plus)km/sstat.error;stat.maxfloate_VvelV-velocity error (minus)km/sstat.errorfloatWvelW-velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.zfloatE_WvelW-velocity error (plus)km/sstat.error;stat.maxfloate_WvelW-velocity error (minus)km/sstat.errorfloatClusterCMa subgroup from clustering analysismeta.id.parentcharFlagFlag for outlier rejectionmeta.code.errorint