J/A+A/706/A185ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/706/A185doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/bc-p2/lbifCDSHowell J.M.Ferguson A.M.N.Larsen S.Lancon A.Annibali F.,Cuillandre J.-C.Hunt L.K.Martinez-Delgado D.Massari D.Saifollahi T.,Voggel K.Altieri B.Andreon S.Auricchio N.Baccigalupi C.Baldi M.,Bardelli S.Biviano A.Branchini E.Brescia M.Brinchmann J.Camera S.,Canas-Herrera G.Candini G.P.Capobianco V.Carbone C.Carretero J.,Castellano M.Castignani G.Cavuoti S.Cimatti A.Colodro-Conde C.,Congedo G.Conselice C.J.Conversi L.Copin Y.Courbin F.Courtois H.M.,Cropper M.Da Silva A.Degaudenzi H.De Lucia G.Dubath F.,Duncan C.A.J.Dupac X.Dusini S.Escoffier S.Farina M.Farinelli R.,Faustini F.Ferriol S.Finelli F.Frailis M.Franceschi E.Fumana M.,Galeotta S.George K.Gillis B.Giocoli C.Gracia-Carpio J.Grazian A.,Grupp F.Haugan S.V.H.Hoekstra H.Holmes W.Hormuth F.Hornstrup A.,Jahnke K.Jhabvala M.Keihaenen E.Kermiche S.Kubik B.Kuemmel M.,Kunz M.Kurki-Suonio H.Le Brun A.M.C.Le Mignant D.Ligori S.,Lilje P.B.Lindholm V.Lloro I.Mainetti G.Maino D.Maiorano E.,Mansutti O.Marggraf O.Martinelli M.Martinet N.Marulli F.,Massey R.J.Medinaceli E.Mei S.Melchior M.Mellier Y.Meneghetti M.,Merlin E.Meylan G.Mora A.Moresco M.Moscardini L.Nakajima R.,Neissner C.Niemi S.-M.Padilla C.Paltani S.Pasian F.Pedersen K.,Percival W.J.Pettorino V.Pires S.Polenta G.Poncet M.Popa L.A.,Raison F.Renzi A.Rhodes J.Riccio G.Romelli E.Roncarelli M.,Saglia R.Sakr Z.Sapone D.Sartoris B.Schirmer M.Schneider P.,Schrabback T.Secroun A.Seidel G.Serrano S.Simon P.Sirignano C.,Sirri G.Skottfelt J.Stanco L.Steinwagner J.Tallada-Crespi P.,Taylor A.N.Teplitz H.I.Tereno I.Toft S.Toledo-Moreo R.,Torradeflot F.Tutusaus I.Valenziano L.Valiviita J.Vassallo T.,Wang Y.Weller J.Zamorani G.Zinchenko I.A.Martin-Fleitas J.,Scottez V.2026-03-02T20:01:11Z2026-02-12T08:32:21ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesglobular-star-clustersopen-star-clustersStar clusters are valuable indicators of galaxy evolution, offering insights into the buildup of stellar populations across cosmic time. Understanding the intrinsic star cluster populations of dwarf galaxies is particularly important given these systems' role in the hierarchical growth of larger systems. We use data from Euclid's Early Release Observation programme to study star clusters in two star-forming dwarf irregular galaxies in the Local Group, NGC 6822 and IC 10 [M*~(1-4)x10^8^M_{sun}_]. With Euclid, star clusters are resolved into individual stars across the main bodies and haloes of both galaxies. Through visual inspection of the IE images, we uncover 30 new star cluster candidates in NGC 6822 and 16 in IC 10, ranging from compact to diffuse extended clusters. We compile and re-evaluate previously identified literature candidates, resulting in final combined catalogues of 52 (NGC 6822) and 71 (IC 10) cluster candidates with confidence-based classifications. We present homogeneous photometry in IE, YE, JE, and HE, and in archival UBVRI data, alongside size measurements and properties derived from the spectral energy distribution fitting code BAGPIPES. Through synthetic cluster injection, we conclude our sample is ~50% complete to M<~10^3^M_{sun}_ for ages <~100Myr, and to M<~2x10^4^M_{sun}_ for ages of ~10Gyr. We find that IC 10 has more young clusters than NGC 6822, and its young clusters extend to higher masses, consistent with its starburst nature. We find several old massive (>~10^5^M_{sun}_) clusters in both dwarfs, including an exceptional cluster in NGC 6822's outskirts with a mass of 1.3x10^6^M_{sun}_, nearly twice as massive as any other old cluster in either galaxy. In NGC 6822, we also identify a previously undetected, old, and extended cluster (R_h_=12.4+/-0.11pc). Using well-defined criteria, we identify 11 candidate GCs in NGC 6822 and nine in IC 10. Both galaxies have high specific frequencies (S_N) for their luminosities but remain consistent with the known GC scaling relationships in the low-luminosity regime.2026A&A...706A.185Hhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/706/A185CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/706/A185https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/706/A185http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/706/A185https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/706/A185https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/706/A185http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/706/A185GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/706/A185/table2 (Cluster coordinates & classifications NGC 6822)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A185/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A185/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A185/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true296.2232352-14.81975490.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/706/A185/table3 (Cluster coordinates & classifications IC 10)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A185/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A185/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A185/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true4.97487974659.224040730.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/706/A185/tableb1 (Cluster photometry & half-light radii NGC 6822)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A185/tableb1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A185/tableb1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A185/tableb1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true296.2232352-14.81975490.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/706/A185/tableb2 (Cluster photometry & half-light radii IC 10)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A185/tableb2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A185/tableb2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A185/tableb2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true4.97487974659.224040730.0055555555555555566/3042-3043 29716 29718https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/706/A185?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/706/A185/table2Cluster coordinates & classifications NGC 6822recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintEuclidIDCluster identifier used in this workmeta.id;meta.maincharRA_ICRSRight Ascension (ICRS) at Ep=J2000degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=J2000degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainClassMorphological / confidence class (G1)src.morph.typeintPrevIDsIDs from previous catalogues (2)meta.codecharRecov?[Yes/No ] Recovered in this work?meta.codecharRefLiterature reference (3)meta.ref;pos.framecharJ/A+A/706/A185/table3Cluster coordinates & classifications IC 10recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintEuclidIDCluster identifier used in this workmeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainClassMorphological / confidence class (G1)src.morph.typeintPrevIDsIDs from previous catalogues (2)meta.codecharRecov?[Yes/No ] Recovered in this work? (Yes/No)meta.codecharRefReference or source catalogue (3)meta.ref;pos.framecharJ/A+A/706/A185/tableb1Cluster photometry & half-light radii NGC 6822recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintEuclidIDCluster identifier used in this workmeta.id;meta.maincharn_EuclidID[*] Note on EuclidIDmeta.notecharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainVmag? V-band integrated magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag? Uncertainty in Vmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableB-V? Integrated (B-V) colourmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_B-V? Uncertainty in (B-V)magstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.BfloatnullableU-B? Integrated (U-B) colourmagphot.color;em.opt.U;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_U-B? Uncertainty in (U-B)magstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.UfloatnullableV-R? Integrated (V-R) colourmagphot.color;em.opt.V;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_V-R? Uncertainty in (V-R)magstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.VfloatnullableR-I? Integrated (R-I) colourmagphot.color;em.opt.R;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_R-I? Uncertainty in (R-I)magstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.RfloatnullableYemagEuclid Ye-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_YemagUncertainty in Yemagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatYe-He(Ye-He) colourmagphot.color;em.opt;em.IRfloate_Ye-HeUncertainty in (Ye-He)magstat.errorfloatJe-He(Je-He) colourmagphot.color;em.IR;em.IRfloate_Je-HeUncertainty in (Je-He)magstat.errorfloatIe-He(Ie-He) colourmagphot.color;em.opt;em.IRfloate_Ie-HeUncertainty in (Ie-He)magstat.errorfloatRhHalf-light radiuspcphys.size.radiusfloate_RhUncertainty in Rhpcstat.errorfloatJ/A+A/706/A185/tableb2Cluster photometry & half-light radii IC 10B-V? Integrated (B-V) colourmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_B-V? Uncertainty in (B-V)magstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.BfloatnullableU-B? Integrated (U-B) colourmagphot.color;em.opt.U;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_U-B? Uncertainty in (U-B)magstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.UfloatnullableYe-He(Ye-He) colourmagphot.color;em.opt;em.IRfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintEuclidIDCluster identifier used in this workmeta.id;meta.maincharn_EuclidID[*] Note on EuclidIDmeta.notecharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainVmag? V-band integrated magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag? Uncertainty in Vmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableV-R? Integrated (V-R) colourmagphot.color;em.opt.V;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_V-R? Uncertainty in (V-R)magstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.VfloatnullableR-I? Integrated (R-I) colourmagphot.color;em.opt.R;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_R-I? Uncertainty in (R-I)magstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.RfloatnullableYemagEuclid Ye-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_YemagUncertainty in Yemagmagstat.error;phot.magfloate_Ye-HeUncertainty in (Ye-He)magstat.errorfloatJe-He(Je-He) colourmagphot.color;em.IR;em.IRfloate_Je-HeUncertainty in (Je-He)magstat.errorfloatIe-He(Ie-He) colourmagphot.color;em.opt;em.IRfloate_Ie-HeUncertainty in (Ie-He)magstat.errorfloatRhHalf-light radiuspcphys.size.radiusfloate_RhUncertainty in Rhpcstat.errorfloatJ/A+A/706/A185/tableb3Cluster physical properties NGC 6822recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintEuclidIDCluster identifier used in this workmeta.id;meta.maincharAgeCluster ageGyrtime.agefloate_AgeUncertainty on ageGyrstat.error;time.agefloatlogMasslog10 total stellar masslog(Sun)phys.massfloate_logMassUncertainty on log masslog(Sun)stat.error;phys.massfloatlogLivingMasslog10 living stellar masslog(Sun)phys.massfloate_logLivingMassUncertainty on living masslog(Sun)stat.errorfloatZMetallicity (Z/Zsun)Sunphys.abund.Zfloate_ZUncertainty on metallicitySunstat.error;src.redshiftfloatAvLine-of-sight extinctionmagphys.absorptionfloate_AvUncertainty on extinctionmagstat.errorfloatJ/A+A/706/A185/tableb4Cluster physical properties IC 10recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintEuclidIDCluster identifier used in this workmeta.id;meta.maincharAgeCluster ageGyrtime.agefloate_AgeUncertainty on ageGyrstat.error;time.agefloatlogMasslog10 total stellar masslog(Sun)phys.massfloate_logMassUncertainty on log masslog(Sun)stat.error;phys.massfloatlogLivingMasslog10 living stellar masslog(Sun)phys.massfloate_logLivingMassUncertainty on living masslog(Sun)stat.errorfloatZMetallicity (Z/Zsun)Sunphys.abund.Zfloate_ZUncertainty on metallicitySunstat.error;src.redshiftfloatAvLine-of-sight extinctionmagphys.absorptionfloate_AvUncertainty on extinctionmagstat.errorfloat