J/A+A/705/A215ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/705/A215doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/bc-p1/lcbfCDSCarretero-CastrilloM.Ribo M.Paredes J.MHolgado G.,Martinez-Sebastian C.Simon-Diaz S.2026-03-02T20:01:06Z2026-01-27T08:43:29ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxyo-starshigh-velocity-starsspectroscopystellar-distancevisible-astronomyGaia Data Release 3 (DR3) data have revealed new massive runaway stars, while large spectroscopic surveys now enable detailed characterization studies. However, the relative contributions of binary supernova (BSS) and dynamical ejection (DES) scenarios to explain their runaway origin remain poorly constrained, particularly in the Milky Way. We aim to characterize the largest sample of Galactic O-type runaway stars ever investigated through their kinematics, rotation, and binarity with the ultimate objective of shedding light into their potential to identify signatures of their dynamical origins. We use the GOSC-Gaia DR3 catalog of normal and runaway stars, and IACOB spectroscopic information to build a sample with 214 O-type stars with available information about projected rotational velocities (vsini), and a subsample of 168 O-type stars with additional information about their likely single (LS) or single-lined (SB1) spectroscopic binary nature. We also consider an additional sample of 65 double-lined (SB2) spectroscopic binaries. We find that among our sample of Galactic O-type runaways, most (74%) have vsini<200km/s. There are no fast-moving (VPEC_2D_>85km/s) runaways being fast rotators (vsini>=200km/s), except for HD 124 979. Runaways show lower SB1 fractions than normal stars, with no runaway SB1 fast-rotating systems; on average, runaways rotate faster than normal stars; and their runaway fraction is higher among fast rotators (44%) vs. the slow rotators (34%). This is consistent with BSS dominance for fast rotators. We also found that SB2 systems hardly reach runaway velocities with a low runaway fraction (10%). Runaways with VPEC_2D_>60km/s are mostly single and interpreted as DES products, while runaways with VPEC_2D_>85km/s are also interpreted as two-step products, with the binary V479 Sct/LS 5039 a likely example. Finally, three of 12 runaway SB1 systems are high-mass X-ray binaries. Our observational study reveals that Galactic O-type runaways are dominated by slow rotators. The study points to a dominance of BSS among fast-rotating runaways, and of DES and two-step among the high-velocity ones. The observed trends provide valuable constraints on models about runaway origins.2026A&A...705A.215Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/705/A215CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/A+A/679/A109 : GaiaDR3 Galactic runaway O, Be starsJ/A+A/694/A250 : Bow shocks around runaway stars (Carretero-Castrillo+, 2025)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/705/A215https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/705/A215http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/705/A215https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/705/A215https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/705/A215http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/705/A215GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/705/A215/tablea1 (Data of the O-type normal and runaway stars in the rotation sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/705/A215/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/705/A215/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/705/A215/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true276.5626875-14.8484250.0055555555555555565/3661 6/1287 1303 1355 3011 3037 3051 3054 3214 3231 3245 3247 3249 3256 3263 3272 3307 3315 3331 3337 3585 3600 3622 3653 3724 3755 12943 12981 13255 13999 14253 14263 14283 14295 14311 14353 14359 14456 14623-14624 14630 14632-14633 14636 14643 14654 14658 14690 14712 14719 14740-14741 14743 14745 14793 15476 15656 15663 15683 21635 21638 21655 22033 22088 22211 22216 22240 22243 22249 23774 23962 24179 28865 28891 28913 28915 29084 29091 29095 29098 29101 29115 29118 29158 29162 29463 29467 29513 29515 29517 29530 29600 30216 31056 31748 37245 37248 37333-37334 37339 37750 37833 37870 37897 37899-37900 37907 37915 37923 37926 37930-37932 37934 37938 37946 37948 38016 38018 38020 38022 38024 38026 38074 39238 39248 39264 39374 39386 39410 39804 39971 41103 41592 41598 41610 41630 41673 41685 41702 41715 41787 41903 42206 42226 42228 42283 42287 42303 42335 42383 42390 42394 42405 42417 42458 42471 42764 43034 43041 431441.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/705/A215?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/705/A215/tablea1Data of the O-type normal and runaway stars in the rotation samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGOSCMost common name of the star from the GOSC catalogmeta.id;meta.maincharGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source identifiermeta.idRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 from Gaia DR3pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 from Gaia DR3pos.eq.dec;meta.mainGLONGalactic longitude from Gaia DR3degpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic latitude from Gaia DR3degpos.galactic.latdoubleDistDistance from the Sun (1)kpcpos.distancefloate_DistStandard error of distance (1)kpcstat.errorfloatGmagG-band mean magnitude from Gaia DR3magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatSpTypeSpectral Type from the GOSC catalogsrc.spTypecharVpec2DPeculiar 2-dimensional (2D) velocity (1)km/sphys.velocfloate_Vpec2DStandard error of peculiar 2D velocity (1)km/sstat.errorfloatENormalized significance of the runaway nature of the star (1)stat.fit.goodnessfloatvsiniProjected rotational velocity from the IACOB projectkm/spos.cartesianfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar