J/A+A/698/A253ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/698/A253doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36980253CDSFritzewski D.J.Vanrespaille M.Aerts C.Gus Z.Hey D.De Ridder J.2025-10-10T20:01:15Z2025-06-18T08:00:35ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frob-starsvariable-starsphotometryvisible-astronomyasteroseismologyThe Gaia mission detected many new candidate beta Cephei (beta Cep) pulsators, whose variability classification has since been confirmed from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) space photometry of the nominal mission. We aim to analyse all currently available TESS data for these beta Cep pulsators, of which 145 are new discoveries, in order to exploit their asteroseismic potential. Although they are of critical importance to improve evolution models of massive stars, beta Cep stars are under-represented in the current space photometry revolution. We extracted light curves for 216 stars from the TESS full-frame images and performed a frequency analysis by means of pre-whitening. Based on Gaia Data Release 3, we deduced the stellar properties and compared them to those of known beta Cep stars from the literature. We developed a methodology for identifying the dominant pulsation modes of the beta Cep stars from the detection of rotationally split multiplets and Gaia and TESS amplitude ratios. We used grid modelling to gain insights into the population of beta Cep stars. Combining TESS and Gaia, we successfully identified the mode degrees for 148 stars in our sample. We find the majority to have a dominant dipole non-radial mode. Many non-radial modes show splittings in their TESS frequency spectra, which we used to calculate their envelope rotation, spin parameter, and the level of differential envelope-to-surface rotation. For the last, we find an upper limit of about 3. We also provide relative frequency asymmetries within the multiplets, ranging from -0.15 to 0.15 with most being positive. Based on grid modelling, we provide mass, convective core mass, and age distributions for 119 stars. Our sample enables asteroseismology of beta Cep pulsators as a population. Our study prepares for future detailed mod- elling based on individual frequencies of identified modes leading towards a better understanding of these massive pulsators.2025A&A...698A.253Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/698/A253CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIV/39 : TESS Input Catalog version 8.2 (TIC v8.2) (Paegert+, 2021)I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/698/A253https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/698/A253http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/698/A253https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/698/A253https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/698/A253http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/698/A253GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/698/A253/table1 (Observational properties of beta Cephei stars observed with Gaia and TESS)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/698/A253/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/698/A253/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/698/A253/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true246.18895-53.464330.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/698/A253/table2 (Asteroseismic model results for the subset of stars with identified modes)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/698/A253/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/698/A253/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/698/A253/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true246.18895-53.464330.0055555555555555565/9481 6/1447 3021 3034 3037 3053 3058 3070 3246 3254 3256-3257 3270 3296 3307 3309 3337 3600 3621 3623 3632 3638 3727 3736 3820 12400 12931 12975 12984 13000 13003 13023 13115 13233 13729 13913 14042 14246 14253 14259-14260 14273 14291 14295 14301 14309 14327 14349 14353 14359-14360 14402 14404 14413 14425 14430-14431 14448 14453 14603 14606 14617 14622 14624 14640 14642-14643 14645-14646 14648-14649 15374 15431 15509 15618 15621-15622 15700 22348 28706 28715 28825 28828-28829 28874 28922 30689 31861 32123 37185 37192 37244 37337 37741 37746-37747 37857 37882 37893 37897 37904-37905 37916 37918 37923 37929-37931 38017 38024 38026 38033 38066 38597 39389 39794 40492 40516 40605 41199 41387 41454 41516 41585 41595 41615 41635 41637 41646 41652 41654-41655 41657-41658 41662 41666 41672 41674-41676 41678 41698 41704 41759 41766 41770 41772 41794-41795 41814 41845 41856 41862 42108 42162-42163 42168-42169 42171 42198 42203 42205 42210 42214 42225 42270 42272 42301 42338 42378 42389 42434-42435 42477 42482 42489 42496 42501 42564 42795 43008-43009 43026 43032-43033 43043 43049 43080 43130 43176 432341.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/698/A253?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/698/A253/table1Observational properties of beta Cephei stars observed with Gaia and TESSrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintModindicates asteroseismic model results in table 2meta.ref.urlcharTICTESS input catalog ID (Cat. IV/39)meta.id;meta.mainprimaryGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source_id (Cat. I/355)meta.idNameSimbad Main identifiermeta.idcharRA_ICRSRight ascension from Gaia DR3 (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (Cat. I/355)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination from Gaia DR3 (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (Cat. I/355)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGmagG magnitude from Gaia DR3 (Cat. I/355)magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatlogTeff? log of Gaia ESP-HS effective temperature from Gaia DR3 astrophysical_parameterslog(K)phys.temperature.effectivefloatnullablelogL? log luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosityfloatnullabler_logLReference (1)meta.refcharfrotsini? rotation frequency times sin id**-1em.freq;src.varfloatnullablee_frotsini? Uncertainty of frot_sinid**-1stat.errorfloatnullablef1? Main frequency in TESSd**-1em.freq;src.vardoublenullablefGaiaMain frequency in Gaiad**-1em.freq;src.vardoublefTESS? Frequncy of zonal moded**-1em.freq;src.vardoublenullableLCtypeClassification of the light curve (2)meta.code.classcharPbeat? Beating period between two main frequencies in TESS datadtime.period;meta.mainfloatnullableAvar? Amplitude variability (Eq 2)src.var.amplitudefloatnullableaG/aBPAmplitude ratio of main frequency in Gaia G band light curve relative to Gaia BP band light curvestat.fit.paramfloate_aG/aBPUncertainty of G band to BP band amplitude ratiostat.errorfloataR/aBPAmplitude ratio of main frequency in Gaia RP band light curve relative to Gaia BP band light curvestat.fit.paramfloate_aR/aBPUncertainty of RP band to BP band amplitude ratiostat.errorfloataT/B? Amplitude ratio of main frequency in TESS light curve relative to Gaia BP band light curvestat.fit.paramfloatnullablee_aT/B? Uncertainty of TESS band to BP band amplitude ratiostat.errorfloatnullablel? Degree of Gaia detected pulsation modemeta.code;src.varintnullablep0? Probability of l=0stat.fit.goodnessfloatnullablep1? Probability of l=1stat.fit.goodnessfloatnullablep2? Probability of l=2stat.fit.goodnessfloatnullablesplitting? Strength of rotational splittingd**-1stat.fit.paramfloatnullableasymmetry? Relative asymmetry in split multipletstat.fit.paramfloatnullableJ/A+A/698/A253/table2Asteroseismic model results for the subset of stars with identified modesMiniInitial masssolMassphys.massfloate_MiniLower uncertainty of MinisolMassstat.errorfloatE_MiniUpper uncertainty of MinisolMassstat.error;stat.maxfloatlogAgeLog agelog(yr)time.agefloate_logAgeLower uncertainty of logAgelog(yr)stat.error;time.agefloatE_logAgeUpper uncertainty of logAgelog(yr)stat.error;stat.maxfloatMcore/MConvetive core mass relative to initial massphys.mass;arith.ratiofloate_Mcore/MLower uncertainty of Mcore/Mstat.errorfloatE_Mcore/MUpper uncertainty of Mcore/Mstat.error;stat.maxfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTICTESS input catalog ID (Cat. IV/39)meta.id;meta.mainGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source_id (Cat. I/355)meta.idNameSimbad Main identifiermeta.idcharRA_ICRSRight ascension from Gaia DR3 (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (Cat. I/355)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination from Gaia DR3 (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (Cat. I/355)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainXpcNormalised core hydrogen mass fractionphys.abund.Xfloate_XpcLower uncertainty of Xc'stat.errorfloatE_XpcUpper uncertainty of Xc'stat.error;stat.maxfloat