J/A+A/691/A6ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/691/A6doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36910006CDSZandivarez A.Diaz-Gimenez E.Taverna A.Rodriguez F.Merchan M.2026-04-28T20:02:39Z2024-10-25T17:46:39ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxy-clustersgalaxiesphotometryvisible-astronomyOver the years, several compact group catalogues have been constructed using different methods, but most of them are not deep enough to go beyond the very local universe with a high level of redshift completeness. We proposed to build a statistically reliable sample of compact groups to study the influence of its inner extreme environment at intermediate redshifts. We adopted the Galaxy And Mass Assembly redshift survey as a parent galaxy catalogue, complemented with a small sample of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, to identify compact groups using Hickson-like criteria. We explored the parameter space to perform several identifications to build samples with different characteristics. Particularly, we reduced the maximum galaxy separation in the line-of-sight to 500km/s and we implemented different magnitude ranges to define membership: 3, 2 or 1 magnitude difference between the brightest galaxy and the other members, and no restriction at all. For comparison, we used control samples extracted from a catalogue of loose groups to contrast properties with the compact groups. We build five considerably large compact group samples, ranging from more than 400 up to roughly 2400 systems, and maximum redshifts from 0.2 to 0.4, depending on the selected parameters. The overall properties of each sample are in agreement with previous findings. Moreover, there is a tendency of compact groups to have a larger fraction of quenched galaxies than control loose groups, mainly for low stellar mass galaxies in compact groups with small crossing times. In addition, ~45% of compact groups are embedded in loose galaxy systems and display the highest compactness, lowest crossing times and brightest first-ranked galaxies compared to compact groups considered non-embedded or isolated. There is almost no evolution of compact group properties with redshift. Our results confirm previous findings that postulate compact groups as one of the suitable places to study the suppression of the star formation rate in galaxies primarily due to galaxy interactions. These new Hickson-like compact group samples will be valuable to deepen the analysis of these peculiar galaxy systems in a redshift regime poorly explored so far.2024A&A...691A...6Zhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/691/A6CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/413/971 : Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) DR1 (Driver+, 2011)J/MNRAS/452/2087 : Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) DR2 (Liske+, 2015)J/MNRAS/474/3875 : Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) DR3 (Baldry+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/691/A6https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/691/A6http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/691/A6https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/691/A6https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/691/A6http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/691/A6GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/691/A6/tablea1 (Compact groups in the 5 samples (corrected version, 28-Apr-2026))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A6/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A6/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A6/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true174.6370.7340.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/691/A6/tablea2 (Galaxies in compact groups in the 5 samples (corrected version, 28-Apr-2026))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A6/tablea2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A6/tablea2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A6/tablea2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true174.6380.7380.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/691/A6/tablea3 (Loose groups)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A6/tablea3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A6/tablea3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A6/tablea3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true174.0230.7050.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/691/A6/tablea4 (Galaxies in loose groups)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A6/tablea4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A6/tablea4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A6/tablea4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true174.0220.7030.0055555555555555564/1365 1622 1642 1685 1706 5/1024-1026 5459 5468-5469 6397-6399 6479 6483-6484 6486-6487 6492-6494 6501 6512-6514 6562-6563 6572 6737 6739 6748 6819 6828 6830 6912 10239 6/4108 4112-4114 4128 8200 8202-8203 8224-8225 21829-21831 21861 21881 21884 25566-25567 25583 25587 25909-25911 25913-25915 25925-25927 25929-25931 25940 25942-25943 25980-25981 26000-26001 26003 26012-26013 26015 26060 26062 26064 26080-26081 26243 26246 26266 26296-26298 26947 26953 26981 26996-26998 27273-27275 27290 27318 27324 27652-27654 27656-27658 40949-40951 40953-40955 45050-45051https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/691/A6?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/691/A6/tablea1Compact groups in the 5 samples (corrected version, 28-Apr-2026)GIdCompact Group ID within the samplemeta.idintrfmagFaintest galaxy r-band apparent magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatr1MAGBrightest galaxy rest-frame absolute magnitude (in mag-5log(h) units)src.class.starGalaxyfloatr2MAG2nd brightest galaxy rest-frame absolute magnitude (in mag-5log(h) units)src.class.starGalaxyfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintN[3-9] Number of galaxy members in the groupmeta.numberintRAJ2000Group centre Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Group centre Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainzMedian biweighted Group CMB redshiftsrc.redshiftdoubleRijMedian projected galaxy separation (in kpc/h unit)kpcpos.distancefloatmuGroup surface brightness in the r bandmag.arcsec**-2phot.mag.sbfloatsigmavGroup radial velocity dispersionkm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.lgdoubletcrDimensionless crossing timepos.distance;time.crossingfloatrbmagBrightest galaxy r-band apparent magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatSampleSample (G1)src.samplecharJ/A+A/691/A6/tablea2Galaxies in compact groups in the 5 samples (corrected version, 28-Apr-2026)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSampleSample (G1)src.samplecharGIdCompact Group ID within the samplemeta.idintRAJ2000Galaxy Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedzGalaxy CMB redshiftsrc.redshiftdoublermagr-band apparent magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatgmagg-band apparent magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.opt.BfloatrMAGr-band rest-frame absolute magnitude (in mag-5log(h) unit)phys.magAbsfloatJ/A+A/691/A6/tablea3Loose groupsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGIdLoose Group IDmeta.idintN[1/256] Number of galaxy membersmeta.numberintRAJ2000Group centre Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDEJ2000Group centre Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedzMedian biweighted Group CMB redshiftsrc.redshiftdoubleMassGroup Mass (in Msun/h unit)solMassmeta.unit;phys.massdoublermagBrightest galaxy r-band apparent magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatJ/A+A/691/A6/tablea4Galaxies in loose groupsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGIdLoose Group IDmeta.idintRAJ2000Galaxy Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDEJ2000Galaxy Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedzGalaxy CMB redshiftsrc.redshiftdoublermagr-band apparent magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatgmagg-band apparent magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.opt.BfloatrMAGr-band rest-frame absolute magnitude (in mag-5log(h) unit)phys.magAbsfloat