J/A+A/668/A31ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/668/A31doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36680031CDSBourrier V.Deline A.Krenn A.Egger J.A.Petit A.C.Malavolta L.,Cretignier M.Billot N.Broeg C.Floren H.-G.Queloz D.Alibert Y.,Bonfanti A.Bonomo A.S.Delisle J.-B.Demangeon O.D.S.Demory B.-O.,Dumusque X.Ehrenreich D.Haywood R.D.Howell S.B.Lendl M.,Mortier A.Nigro G.Salmon S.Sousa S.G.Wilson T.G.Adibekyan V.,Alonso R.Anglada G.Barczy T.Barrado y Navascues D.Barros S.C.C.,Baumjohann W.Beck M.Benz W.Biondi F.Bonfils X.Brandeker A.,Cabrera J.Charnoz S.Csizmadia Sz.Collier Cameron A.Damasso M.,Davies M.B.Deleuil M.Delrez L.Di Fabrizio L.Erikson A.Fortier A.,Fossati L.Fridlund M.Gandolfi D.Gillon M.Guedel M.Heng K.,Hoyer S.Isaak K.G.Kiss L.L.Laskar J.Lecavelier des Etangs A.,Lorenzi V.Lovis C.Magrin D.Massa A.Maxted P.F.L.Nascimbeni V.,Olofsson G.Ottensamer R.Pagano I.Palle E.Peter G.Piotto G.,Pollacco D.Ragazzoni R.Rando N.Rauer H.Ribas I.Santos N.C.,Scandariato G.Segransan D.Simon A.E.Smith A.M.S.Steller M.,Szabo Gy.M.Thomas N.Udry S.Van Grootel V.Verrecchia F.Walton N.,Beck T.Buder M.Ratti F.Ulmer B.Viotto V.2023-01-09T14:35:34Z2022-12-02T09:34:21ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsk-starsexoplanetsphotometryvisible-astronomyradial-velocityspace-observatoriesobservational-astronomyMuch remains to be understood about the nature of exoplanets smaller than Neptune, most of which have been discovered in compact multi-planet systems. With its inner ultra-short period planet b aligned with the star and two larger outer planets d/c on polar orbits, the multi-planet system HD 3167 features a peculiar architecture and offers the possibility to investigate both dynamical and atmospheric evolution processes. To this purpose we combined multiple datasets of transit photometry and radial velocimetry to revise the properties of the system and inform models of its planets. This effort was spearheaded by CHEOPS observations of HD 3167b, which appear inconsistent with a purely rocky composition despite its extreme irradiation. Overall the precision on the planetary orbital periods are improved by an order of magnitude, and the uncertainties on the densities of the transiting planets b and c are decreased by a factor of 3. Internal structure and atmospheric simulations draw a contrasting picture between HD 3167d, likely a rocky super-Earth that lost its atmosphere through photo-evaporation, and HD 3167c, a mini-Neptune that kept a substantial primordial gaseous envelope. We detect a fourth, more massive planet on a larger orbit, likely coplanar with HD 3167d/c. Dynamical simulations indeed show that the outer planetary system d/c/e was tilted as a whole early in the system history, when HD 3167b was still dominated by the star influence and maintained its aligned orbit. RV data and direct imaging rule out that the companion that could be responsible for the present-day architecture is still bound to the HD 3167 system. Similar global studies of multi-planet systems will tell how many share the peculiar properties of the HD3167 system, which remains a target of choice for follow-up observations and simulations.2022A&A...668A..31Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/668/A31CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/829/L9 : K2 LC of HD 3167 and Robo-AO image (Vanderburg+, 2016)J/AJ/154/122 : HD 3167 system radial velocities (Christiansen+, 2017)J/AJ/154/123 : HD 3167 system radial velocity follow-up (Gandolfi+, 2017)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/668/A31https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/668/A31http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/668/A31https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/668/A31https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/668/A31http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/668/A31GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/668/A31/chps_lc*CHEOPS photometryBJDBarycentric Julian date (TDB)dtime.epochdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintrawFluxRaw flux (in electrons)phot.flux.densitydoublee_rawFluxRaw flux errors (in electrons)stat.errordoubleNFluxNormalised fluxphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_NFluxNormalised flux errorstat.errordoubleResNormalised residualsstat.fit.residualdoublee_ResNormalised residual errorstat.errordoubledetrendedLCPlanet-related signalstat.snrdoublee_detrendedLCPlanet-related signal errorstat.errordoubleJ/A+A/668/A31/k2_lc*K2 photometryrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julian date (TDB)dtime.epochdoublerawFluxRaw flux (in electrons)phot.flux.densitydoublee_rawFluxRaw flux errors (in electrons)stat.errordoubleResNormalised residualsstat.fit.residualdoublee_ResNormalised residual errorstat.errordoubledetrendedLCPlanet-related signalstat.snrdoublee_detrendedLCPlanet-related signal errorstat.errordoubleJ/A+A/668/A31/hst_lc*HST/WFC3/G141 photometryrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julian date (TDB)dtime.epochdoublerawFluxRaw flux (in electrons)phot.flux.densitydoublee_rawFluxRaw flux errors (in electrons)stat.errordoubleResNormalised residualsstat.fit.residualdoublee_ResNormalised residual errorstat.errordoubledetrendedLCPlanet-related signalstat.snrdoublee_detrendedLCPlanet-related signal errorstat.errordoubleJ/A+A/668/A31/sptzr_lcSPITZER/IRAC/Ch2 photometryrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julian date (TDB)dtime.epochdoublerawFluxRaw flux (in electrons)phot.flux.densitydoublee_rawFluxRaw flux errors (in electrons)stat.errordoubleResNormalised residualsstat.fit.residualdoublee_ResNormalised residual errorstat.errordoubledetrendedLCPlanet-related signalstat.snrdoublee_detrendedLCPlanet-related signal errorstat.errordoubleJ/A+A/668/A31/rv_dataRadial velocity data (HARPS, APF/Levy, Keck/HIRES and HARPS-N points)BISspan? Bisector velocity spanm/sphys.velocdoublenullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julian date (TDB)dtime.epochdoubleRVRadial velocity (relative velocities for APF and HIRES data)m/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublee_RVRadial velocity errorm/sstat.errordoubledeltaRVRV variationsm/ssrc.var.amplitudedoubleResRVRV residualsm/sstat.fit.residualdoublee_ResRVRV residual errorm/sstat.errordoublee_BISspan? BIS span errorm/sstat.errordoublenullableFWHM? Full-Width at Half-Maximumm/sspect.line.widthdoublenullablee_FWHM? FWHM errorm/sstat.error;phys.angSizedoublenullableContrast? Contraststat.fit.paramdoublenullablee_Contrast? Contrast errorstat.errordoublenullableSMW? S-indexphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublenullablee_SMW? S-index errorstat.errordoublenullableHa? H-alpha indexspect.indexdoublenullablee_Ha? H-alpha errorstat.errorfloatnullableNa? Sodium indexspect.indexdoublenullablee_Na? Sodium errorstat.errorfloatnullableCa? Calcium indexspect.indexdoublenullablee_Ca? Calcium errorstat.errordoublenullablelogRHK? log RHK indexphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatnullablee_logRHK? log RHK errorstat.errorfloatnullableInstName of the instrument (1)meta.id;instrchar