J/A+A/665/A65ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/665/A65doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36650065CDSRaukunen O.UsoskinI.Koldobskiy S.Kovaltsov G.Vainio R.2023-03-21T13:32:21Z2022-09-13T08:07:46ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frthe-sunLong-term fluxes or integral fluences of solar energetic particle (SEP) and their variability within and beyond the 11-year solar cycle makes an important information for Space Physics. However, large uncertainties exist in evaluation of the average SEP fluxes or fluences over the last decades as assessed by different methods and from different datasets. Here we re-visit the derivation of annual integral SEP fluences from available data based on in-situ measurements since 1984. We have reconstructed a full time series of integral SEP fluxes above 10, 30, 60, 100 and 200MeV for the period from 1984 to 2019 using observations performed by the GOES satellites. Intercalibration of the fluxes was performed via a linear relation between overlapping pairs of observations in order to obtain a uniform dataset. Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) background subtraction and identification of SEP event periods was carefully performed, allowing for precise calculation of annual SEP fluences. Annual integral fluences of SEPs with energies above 10, 30, 60, 100 and 200MeV have been calculated for the period from 1984 to 2019 (solar cycles 22-24) along with uncertainties. It is shown that solar cycle 24 was significantly (factor of 5-8) weaker in the SEP fluence than the preceding cycles 22 and 23. The cumulative occurrence probability of years with the fluence above a given value is found to be perfectly described by the Weibull distribution. This can be used as a projection for the occurrence of solar extreme eruptive events on the secular time scales. In addition to the annual fluences, a dataset containing hourly integral SEP fluxes is available at the CDS.2022A&A...665A..65Rhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/665/A65CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/A+A/640/A17 : CR Ground Level Enhancements spectra (IGLED) (Usoskin+, 2020)J/A+A/647/A132 : GLE integral intensities (Koldobskiy+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/665/A65https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/665/A65http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/665/A65https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/665/A65https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/665/A65http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/665/A65GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapdefaultJ/A+A/665/A65/hourlyHourly integral Fluxes, error estimates and SEP event flagsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTimeTimestamp (UTC) (YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ssss)stime.epochnullableindexedn_Time[Z] Z for UTC time as defined in the ISO 8601 standardmeta.notecharFlux10Proton flux above 10MeVcm**-2.sr**-1.s**-1phot.flux;em.gamma.harddoublee_Flux10Error estimate for flux above 10MeVcm**-2.sr**-1.s**-1stat.errordoubleev10[0/1] Boolean flag for SEP activity (10MeV)meta.codeintFlux30Proton flux above 30MeVcm**-2.sr**-1.s**-1phot.flux;em.gamma.harddoublee_Flux30Error estimate for flux above 30MeVcm**-2.sr**-1.s**-1stat.errordoubleev30[0/1] Boolean flag for SEP activity (30MeV)meta.codeintFlux60Proton flux above 60MeVcm**-2.sr**-1.s**-1phot.flux;em.gamma.harddoublee_Flux60Error estimate for flux above 60MeVcm**-2.sr**-1.s**-1stat.errordoubleev60[0/1] Boolean flag for SEP activity (60MeV)meta.codeintFlux100Proton flux above 100MeVcm**-2.sr**-1.s**-1phot.flux;em.gamma.harddoublee_Flux100Error estimate for flux above 100MeVcm**-2.sr**-1.s**-1stat.errordoubleev100[0/1] Boolean flag for SEP activity (100MeV)meta.codeintFlux200Proton flux above 200MeVcm**-2.sr**-1.s**-1phot.flux;em.gamma.harddoublee_Flux200Error estimate for flux above 200MeVcm**-2.sr**-1.s**-1stat.errordoubleev200[0/1] Boolean flag for SEP activity (200MeV)meta.codeintJ/A+A/665/A65/annualAnnual integral fluences and error estimatesYearYearyrtimeintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintF10Proton fluence above 10MeVcm**-2phot.fluence;em.gamma.harddoublee_F10Error estimate for fluence above 10MeVcm**-2stat.errordoubleF30Proton fluence above 30MeVcm**-2phot.fluence;em.gamma.harddoublee_F30Error estimate for fluence above 30MeVcm**-2stat.errordoubleF60Proton fluence above 60MeVcm**-2phot.fluence;em.gamma.harddoublee_F60Error estimate for fluence above 60MeVcm**-2stat.errordoubleF100Proton fluence above 100MeVcm**-2phot.fluence;em.gamma.harddoublee_F100Error estimate for fluence above 100MeVcm**-2stat.errordoubleF200Proton fluence above 200MeVcm**-2phot.fluence;em.gamma.harddoublee_F200Error estimate for fluence above 200MeVcm**-2stat.errordouble