J/A+A/664/A45ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/664/A45doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36640045CDSAbia C.de Laverny P.Romero M.Figueras F.2025-07-04T20:01:57Z2022-08-03T12:52:21ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frcarbon-starsinfrared-photometrystellar-distanceradial-velocityThe third early Gaia data release (EDR3) has improved the accuracy of the astrometric parameters of numerous long-period variable (LPV) stars. Many of these stars are on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB), showing either a C-rich or O-rich envelope and are characterised by high luminosity, changing surface composition, and intense mass loss. This make them very useful for stellar studies. In a previous investigation, we used Gaia DR2 astrometry to derive the luminosity function, kinematic properties, and stellar population membership of a flux-limited sample of carbon stars in the solar neighbourhood of different spectral types. Here, we extend this initial study to more recent surveys with a greater number of Galactic carbon stars and related stars by adopting the more accurate EDR3 astrometry measurements. Based on a much larger statistics, we confirm that N- and SC-type carbon stars share a very similar luminosity function, while the luminosities of J-type stars (Mbol) are fainter by half a magnitude on average. R-hot type carbon stars have luminosities throughout the RGB, which favours the hypothesis of an external origin for their carbon enhancement. Moreover, the kinematic properties of a significant fraction of the R-hot stars are compatible with the thick-disc population, in contrast with that of N- and SC-type stars, which would belong mostly to the thin disk. We also derive the luminosity function of a large number of Galactic extrinsic and intrinsic (O-rich) S stars and show that the luminosities of the latter are typically higher than the predicted onset of the third dredge-up during the AGB for solar metallicity. This result is consistent with these stars being genuine thermally pulsing AGB stars. On the other hand, using the so-called Gaia-2MASS diagram, we show that the overwhelming majority of the carbon stars identified in the LAMOST survey as AGB stars are probably R-hot and/or CH-type stars. Finally, we report the identification of 2660 new carbon stars candidates that we identified through their 2MASS photometry, their Gaia astrometry, and their location in the Gaia-2MASS diagram.2022A&A...664A..45Ahttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/664/A45CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)J/A+A/625/A135 : Galactic interstellar dust Gaia-2MASS 3D mapshttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/664/A45https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/664/A45http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/664/A45https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/664/A45https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/664/A45http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/664/A45GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/664/A45/table1 (Photometric, kinematic and luminosity parameters for a Galactic stars of N, SC, J, R and S (intrinsic and extrinsic) spectral types)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/664/A45/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/664/A45/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/664/A45/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true161.266793967.41138310.0055555555555555566/345 460 469 501 694 730 761 831 961 1003-1004 1033 1054 1064 1084 1102 1109 1139 1154 1158 1165 1204 1214 1227 1245-1246 1254 1276 1297 1306 1311 1318-1319 1325 1328 1339 1352 1411 1432 1436 1444 1446-1447 1497 1531 1556 1584 1590 1593 1627 1634 1661 1683 1693 1737-1738 1746 1754 1799 1803 1810 1820 1823 1844 1867 1928 1948 1965 1967 2094 2325 2335 2479 2484 2523 2557 2602 2651 2707 2734 2736 2740 2828 2933 3012 3026 3050 3061 3075 3077 3091 3103 3108 3135 3141 3152-3153 3211 3213 3218 3230 3249 3269 3339 3367 3376 3438 3444 3459 3491 3591 3597 3613 3618 3631 3714 3716 3733 3743 3771 3810 3953 4146 4347 4693 4748 4760 4766 4841 4846 4869 5068 5886 6160 6179 6182 6208 6242 6267 6271 6283 6305 6407 6458 6532 6623 6657-6658 6661 6666 6714 6755 6802 6806 6848 6919 6988 7078-7079 7531 7837 7881 8292 9060 9589 9614 9621 9972 10103 10742 10960 11016 11928 11963 12237 12694 12752 12794 12857 12957 12985-12986 12990 13010 13187 13205 13236 13240 13280 13478 13500 13756 13794-13795 13861 13968 13975 13982 14000 14026 14028 14031 14038 14051 14067 14079 14117 14191 14217 14236 14267 14271 14279 14312 14314 14323 14349-14350 14379 14402 14428 14447 14458 14469 14620 14623 14629 14640-14641 14649 14654 14656 14740 14769 14772 14799 14809 14822 14889 14894 14898 14934 15111 15117 15188 15369-15370 15375 15392 15401 15415 15430 15441-15442 15445 15447 15469 15488 15526 15593 15616 15744 15759 15798 15807 15855 16144 16157 16233 16267 16958 18098 18536 18882 18954 19086 19112 19134 19251 19310 19348 19457-19458 19467 19490 19936 20102 20127 20166 20169 20189 20421 20598 20670 20728 20791 20793 20797 20802 20821 20824 20827 20836 20839 20852 20862-20863 20950 20971 20986 21224 21258 21310 21319 21338 21372 21374 21425 21457 21460 21462 21484 21536-21537 21540 21542 21544-21545 21548 21555 21561 21564 21566-21567 21577 21580 21601 21631 21638 21648-21650 21660 21679 21681 21683 21697-21698 21732 21735 21749 21753 21758 21807 21897 21902 21928 21936 21945 21959 22014 22041 22053 22068 22078 22082 22088 22100 22140 22173 22189 22195 22204 22209 22218 22220 22230 22235 22237 22239 22247 22250 22252 22261-22262 22269 22276 22332 22338 22366 22378 22428 22440 22444 22448 22459 22470 22483 22496 22507 22776 22809 22820 23006 23367 23398 23482 23495 23595 23603 23625 23628 23630 23659 23663 23669 23674 23687 23689 23702 23711 23733-23734 23736 23748 23756 23759 23781-23782 23788 23790 23796 23802 23804 23819 23826 23829 23833 23836 23838-23839 23844 23846 23855 23874 23917 23919 23933 23937 23962 23987 24013 24027 24030-24031 24041 24061 24070 24108 24144 24147 24157-24158 24181 24188 24194 24238 24252 24267 24277 24289 24328 24340 24350 24361 24363 24365 24379 24382 24384 24405 24422 24445 24449-24451 24453 24459 24466 24474 24476 24495 24504 24506 24513 24520-24521 24526 24530 24535 24540 24553 24563 24569 24572 24689 24911 25122 25228 26319 26337 26401 26701 27000 27005 27138 27873 28149 28447 28713 28727 28735 28844 28846 28872 28882 28888 28969 28976 29062 29098 29109 29118 29275 29286 29322 29446 29506 29728 29751 29871 29886 30011 30110 30183 30212 30215 30218 30275 30283 30302 30385 30441 30448 30457 30517 30522 30611 30631 30649 30671 30742 30777 30859 31096 31218 31343 31809 31849 31964 32022 32088 32117 32136 32211 32292 32325 32384 32446 33589 33909 34270 34580 34665 34848 35045 35641 36369 37095 37142 37183 37228 37244 37255 37324 37327-37328 37332 37334 37338 37348 37350 37442 37484 37594 37647 37813 37835 37850-37851 37864 37874 37913 37919 37922 37925 37928 37950 37954 37958 37960 37979 37986 37992 38023 38027 38035 38047 38051 38067 38077-38078 38080 38082 38405 38408 38413 38439 38441 38445 38505 38569 38660 38679 38802 38862 38947 39161 39201 39284 39289 39300 39313 39315 39327 39358 39370 39378 39385 39392 39396 39399 39403 39408-39409 39414 39523 39599 39625 39705 39762 39770 39790-39791 39800 39833 39847 39855 39888 39891 39899 39918 39925 39928 39937 39966 39982 39988 40046 40089 40094 40106 40150 40157 40168 40244 40450 40460 40492-40493 40528 40559 40609 40611-40612 40641 40658 40675 41157 41204 41343 41458 41488 41494 41496 41501 41590 41623 41625 41629 41660 41685 41690 41704 41716 41724 41753 41763 41765 41770-41771 41782 42057 42076 42101 42123 42211 42330 42345 42347 42351 42451-42452 42485 42492 42510 42631 42821 42848 42850 43011 43025 43035 43082 43088 43092 43100 43120 43129 43150 43161 43176 43258 43281 43342 43435 43526 43546 43584 44042 45040 45279 45694 45731 46247 46325 47266 47846 48700 48732 48813 48817https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/664/A45?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/A+A/664/A45/table1Photometric, kinematic and luminosity parameters for a Galactic stars of N, SC, J, R and S (intrinsic and extrinsic) spectral typesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTypeSpectral typesrc.spTypecharNameName of the starmeta.idcharGaiaEDR3Gaia EDR3 source_idmeta.id;meta.mainAv1Extinction from Lallement et al. (2019A&A...625A.135L, Cat. J/A+A/625/A135)magphys.absorptionfloatAv2? Extinction from Drimmel et al. (2003A&A...409..205D)magphys.absorptionfloatnullableAv3? Extinction from Green et al. (2019ApJ...887...93G)magphys.absorptionfloatnullableJomag? J-band magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableKsomag? Ks-band magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullabledDistancepcpos.distancedoubleMbol? Bolometric magnitudemagphot.mag.bolfloatnullableZ? Z-coordinatekpcpos.cartesian.z;pos.galacticfloatnullableR? Galactocentric distancekpcpos.distance;pos.galactocentricfloatnullableVr? Radial velocity componentkm/sspect.dopplerVelocfloatnullableVp? Rotational velocity componentkm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatnullablePop? Population membership (2)meta.codeintnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableJ/A+A/664/A45/ncstarsGaia EDR3 identification of newly discovered carbon stars (corrected version, 14/11/2023)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaEDR3Gaia EDR3 identificationmeta.id;meta.main