J/A+A/654/A157ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/654/A157doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36540157CDSCai Y-Z.Pastorello A.Fraser M.Botticella M.T.Elias-Rosa N.,Wang L.-Z.Kotak R.Benetti S.Cappellaro E.Turatto M.Reguitti A.,Mattila S.Smartt S.J.Ashall C.Benitez S.Chen T.-W.Harutyunyan A.,Kankare E.Lundqvist P.Mazzali P.A.Morales-Garoolo A.Ochner P.,Pignata G.Prentice S.J.Reynolds T.M.Shu X.-W.Stritzinger M.D.,Tartaglia L.Terreran G.Tomasella L.Valenti S.Valerin G.Wang G.-J.,Wang X.-F.Borsato L.Callis E.Cannizzaro G.Chen S.Congiu E.,Ergon M.Galbany L.Gal-Yam A.Gao X.Gromadzki M.Holmbo S.Huang F.,Inserra C.Itagaki K.Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Z.Maguire K.Margheim S.,Moran S.Onori F.Sagues Carracedo A.Smith K.W.Sollerman J.,Somero A.Wang B.Young D.R.2022-03-07T07:10:34Z2021-10-27T08:28:26ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frvariable-starsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomyWide-band photometrysloan-photometryspectroscopyWe present the spectroscopic and photometric study of five intermediate-luminosity red transients (ILRTs), namely AT 2010dn, AT 2012jc, AT 2013la, AT 2013lb, and AT 2018aes. They share common observational properties and belong to a family of objects similar to the prototypical ILRT SN 2008S. These events have a rise time that is less than 15 days and absolute peak magnitudes of between -11:5 and -14:5mag. Their pseudo-bolometric light curves peak in the range 0.5-9.0*10^40^erg/s and their total radiated energies are on the order of (0.3-3)*10^47^erg. After maximum brightness, the light curves show a monotonic decline or a plateau, resembling those of faint supernovae IIL or IIP, respectively. At late phases, the light curves flatten, roughly following the slope of the ^56^Co decay. If the late-time power source is indeed radioactive decay, these transients produce ^56^Ni masses on the order of 10^-4^ to 10^-3^M_{sun}_. The spectral energy distribution of our ILRT sample, extending from the optical to the mid-infrared (MIR) domain, reveals a clear IR excess soon after explosion and non-negligible MIR emission at very late phases. The spectra show prominent H lines in emission with a typical velocity of a few hundred km/s, along with CaII features. In particular, the [CaII]7291,7324 doublet is visible at all times, which is a characteristic feature for this family of transients. The identified progenitor of SN 2008S, which is luminous in archival Spitzer MIR images, suggests an intermediate-mass precursor star embedded in a dusty cocoon. We propose the explosion of a super-asymptotic giant branch star forming an electron-capture supernova as a plausible explanation for these events.2021A&A...654A.157Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/654/A157CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/654/A157https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/654/A157http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/654/A157https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/654/A157https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/654/A157http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/654/A157GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap4.414320678087048e-20 6.194049834323928e-19OpticalInfrareddefaultJ/A+A/654/A157/tablea1AT 2010dn optical (BVuriz) light curvesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (yyyy/mm/dd)time.epochnullableMJDModified Julian Datedtime.epochdoublel_BmagLimit flag on Bmagmeta.code.errorcharBmag? Johnson-Cousins B band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag? Johnson-Cousins B band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_VmagLimit flag on Vmagmeta.code.errorcharVmag? Johnson-Cousins V band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag? Johnson-Cousins V band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableumag? Sloan u band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_umag? Sloan u band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_rmagLimit flag on rmagmeta.code.errorcharrmag? Sloan r band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_rmag? Sloan r band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableimag? Sloan i band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_imag? Sloan i band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablezmag? Sloan z band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_zmag? Sloan z band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableTel[1/5]? Telescope numerical code (1)meta.codeintnullableNote[a-d] Notes to the table (2)meta.notecharJ/A+A/654/A157/tablea2AT 2010dn near-infrared (NIR) JHK light curvesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (yyyy/mm/dd)time.epochnullableMJDModified Julian Datedtime.epochdoubleJmagNIR J band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_JmagNIR J band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatHmagNIR H band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloate_HmagNIR H band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatKmag? NIR K band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag? NIR K band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableTel[1/2] Telescope numerical code (1)meta.codeintJ/A+A/654/A157/tablea3AT 2010dn mid-infrared (MIR) CH1/CH2 light curvesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (yyyy/mm/dd)time.epochnullableMJDModified Julian Datedtime.epochfloatCH1magMIR CH1 (3.6um) band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloate_CH1magMIR CH1 (3.6um) band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatCH2magMIR CH2 (4.5um) band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloate_CH2magMIR CH2 (4.5um) band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatTel[1] Telescope numerical code (1)meta.codeintJ/A+A/654/A157/tablea4AT 2012jc optical (UBVRI) light curvesl_VmagLimit flag on Vmagmeta.code.errorcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (yyyy/mm/dd)time.epochnullableMJDModified Julian Datedtime.epochdoublel_UmagLimit flag on Umagmeta.code.errorcharUmag? Johnson-Cousins U band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_Umag? Johnson-Cousins U band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableBmag? Johnson-Cousins B band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag? Johnson-Cousins B band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableVmag? Johnson-Cousins V band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag? Johnson-Cousins V band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_RmagLimit flag on Rmagmeta.code.errorcharRmag? Johnson-Cousins R band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_Rmag? Johnson-Cousins R band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableImag? Johnson-Cousins I band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_Imag? Johnson-Cousins I band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableTel[1/8]? Telescope numerical code (1)meta.codeintnullableNote[ab] Notes to the table (2)meta.notecharJ/A+A/654/A157/tablea5AT 2013lb optical (UBVRI) light curvesl_BmagLimit flag on Bmagmeta.code.errorcharBmag? Johnson-Cousins B band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (yyyy/mm/dd)time.epochnullableMJDModified Julian Datedtime.epochdoublel_UmagLimit flag on Umagmeta.code.errorcharUmag? Johnson-Cousins U band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_Umag? Johnson-Cousins U band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablee_Bmag? Johnson-Cousins B band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_VmagLimit flag on Vmagmeta.code.errorcharVmag? Johnson-Cousins V band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag? Johnson-Cousins V band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_RmagLimit flag on Rmagmeta.code.errorcharRmag? Johnson-Cousins R band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_Rmag? Johnson-Cousins R band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableImag? Johnson-Cousins I band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_Imag? Johnson-Cousins I band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableTel[1/5]? Telescope numerical code (1)meta.codeintnullableNote[a] Notes to the table (2)meta.notecharJ/A+A/654/A157/tablea6AT 2013lb near-infrared (NIR) JHK light curvesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (yyyy/mm/dd)time.epochnullableMJDModified Julian Date (MJD-50000)dtime.epochdoubleJmag? NIR J band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag? NIR J band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableHmag? NIR H band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag? NIR H band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableKmag? NIR K band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag? NIR K band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableTel[1/2] Telescope numerical code (1)meta.codeintJ/A+A/654/A157/tablea7AT 2013la optical (BVugri) light curvesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (yyyy/mm/dd)time.epochnullableMJDModified Julian Datedtime.epochdoubleBmag? Johnson-Cousins B band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag? Johnson-Cousins B band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_VmagLimit flag on Vmagmeta.code.errorcharVmag? Johnson-Cousins V band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag? Johnson-Cousins V band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_umagLimit flag on umagmeta.code.errorcharumag? Sloan u band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_umag? Sloan u band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablegmag? Sloan g band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablel_rmagLimit flag on rmagmeta.code.errorcharrmag? Sloan r band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_rmag? Sloan r band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableimag? Sloan i band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_imag? Sloan i band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableTel[1/7]? Telescope numerical code (1)meta.codeintnullableNote[a] Notes to the table (2)meta.notecharJ/A+A/654/A157/tablea8AT 2018aes optical (BVgriz) light curvesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (yyyy/mm/dd)time.epochnullableMJDModified Julian Datedtime.epochdoublel_BmagLimit flag on Bmagmeta.code.errorcharBmag? Johnson-Cousins B band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag? Johnson-Cousins B band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_VmagLimit flag on Vmagmeta.code.errorcharVmag? Johnson-Cousins V band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag? Johnson-Cousins V band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_gmagLimit flag on gmagmeta.code.errorchargmag? Sloan g band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_gmag? Sloan g band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_rmagLimit flag on rmagmeta.code.errorcharrmag? Sloan r band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_rmag? Sloan r band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_imagLimit flag on imagmeta.code.errorcharimag? Sloan i band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_imag? Sloan i band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablezmag? Sloan z band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_zmag? Sloan z band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableTel[1/7]? Telescope numerical code (1)meta.codeintnullableNote[abc] Notes to the table (2)meta.notecharJ/A+A/654/A157/tablea9AT 2018aes near-infrared (NIR) JHK light curvesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (yyyy/mm/dd)time.epochnullableMJDModified Julian Datedtime.epochdoublel_JmagLimit flag on Jmagmeta.code.errorcharJmag? NIR J band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag? NIR J band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableHmag? NIR H band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag? NIR H band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableKmag? NIR K band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag? NIR K band magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableTel[1] Telescope numerical code (1)meta.codeintJ/A+A/654/A157/listList of fits spectra (for all sources)spShow the spectrummeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameIntermediate-Luminosity Red Transient namemeta.id;meta.maincharNxNumber of pixels along X-axismeta.numberintNy? Number of pixels along Y-axismeta.numberintnullableObs.dateObservation datestime.epoch;obsnullableblambdaLower value of wavelength interval0.1nmem.wlfloatBlambdaUpper value of wavelength interval0.1nmem.wldoubledlambdaWavelength resolution0.1nmspect.resolutiondoublesizeSize of FITS fileKibytephys.size;meta.fitsintFileNameName of FITS file, in subdirectory fitsmeta.id;meta.fitscharTitleTitle of the FITS filemeta.title;meta.fitschar