J/A+A/645/A76ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/645/A76doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36450076CDSKhovritchev M.Yu.Robert V.Narizhnaya N.V.Vasilyeva T.A.,Apetyan A.A.Bikulova D.A.2021-05-04T13:22:25Z2021-01-15T07:39:17ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsolar-systemsolar-system-planetsastrometryoptical-observationephemeridesWe present a remeasurement of old photographic plates, providing important raw data for dynamical studies of the Saturnian satellite system. The unprecedentedly accurate realization of the Gaia reference frame allows us to make a precise calibration of digitized astronegatives of the Saturnian satellite images. We reprocessed 357 astronegatives taken with the 26-inch refractor and the normal astrograph of the Pulkovo Observatory between 1972 and 2007 to obtain the positions of the main Saturnian moons in the second Gaia data release (Gaia DR2) system. Photographic plates were digitized with the Pulkovo Mobile Digitizing Device (MDD) scanner. The New Astrometric Reduction of Old Observations (NAROO) digitizer at the Paris Observatory was used to calibrate the scanned images. Satellite image centering and astrometric reduction were performed. In total, 6487 positions (equatorial coordinates) have been determined with an accuracy of 50mas. This is confirmed by a comparison of our data with modern ephemerides. The verification of the results was performed using data from past close approaches by Saturnian satellites to Gaia reference stars, showing the adequacy of the current residual analysis. A joint review of the Pulkovo and the United States Naval Observatory (USNO) intersatellite positions allows us to conclude about the existence of faint systematic effects in the satellite theories of motions at the 10mas level.2021A&A...645A..76Khttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/645/A76CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/645/A76https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/645/A76http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/645/A76https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/645/A76https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/645/A76http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/645/A76GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/645/A76/satpos (Positions of the Saturnian satellites)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/645/A76/satpos?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/645/A76/satpos?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/645/A76/satpos?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true75.1029088921.102803890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/645/A76/appulses (Close approaches of the satellites to Gaia stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/645/A76/appulses?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/645/A76/appulses?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/645/A76/appulses?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true74.9941526721.052444220.0055555555555555565/88 6060 6/188 315 318 356 389 4349-4350 4371-4372 4374 4378-4379 4483 4486 4689 4692 4710 4766 4785 4787-4788 6147-6148 6150 6153-6154 18254 18487 18493 18530 18532 18544 18704 18706 23903 23924-23925 23929-23931 23991 23993 23995-23996 24005 24007 24009 24011 24016 24032 24181-24183 24186 24221-24223 24235 24238 24244 24259-24262 24264 24272 24329-24332 25827 26171 26176 26257 26259 26264 26266 26279 26288 26290 27095 27471-27472 27474 27480 27482 27495 27500 27575 27580-27582 27681 27690 27776 44929 44931 44936-449371.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/645/A76?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/645/A76/satposPositions of the Saturnian satellitesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJDModified Julian date of observation (UTC)dtime.epochdoubleInstInstrument designation (1)meta.id;meta.maincharSatSaturnian satellite namemeta.id;instr.obstycharRAJ2000Right Ascension (J2000), Gaia DR2 systemdegpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000), Gaia DR2 systemdegpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/645/A76/appulsesClose approaches of the satellites to Gaia starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJDModified Julian date of observation (UTC)dtime.epochdoubleSatSaturnian satellite namemeta.id;instr.obstycharInstInstrument designation (1)meta.id;meta.maincharGAIADR2Gaia DR2 source_idmeta.idRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) form Gaia DR2 at MJDdegpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination from (J2000) Gaia DR2 at MJDdegpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGmagG magnitude from Gaia DR2magphot.mag;em.optfloatDRADifference in RAarcsecpos.eq.ra;arith.diffdoubleDDEDifference in Decarcsecpos.eq.dec;arith.diffdoublee_RAJ2000? Standard error in RAmasstat.error;pos.eq.raintnullablee_DEJ2000? Standard error in DECmasstat.error;pos.eq.decintnullableNobsNumber of observations (2)meta.numberint(O-C)RA(O-C) in right ascension (3)maspos.eq.ra;stat.fit.omcint(O-C)DE(O-C) in declination (3)maspos.eq.dec;stat.fit.omcint