J/A+A/636/A20ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/636/A20doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36360020CDSWyrzykowski L.Mandel I.2020-10-08T11:37:14Z2020-07-22T14:15:33ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgravitational-lensingphotometryContext. Gravitational microlensing is sensitive to compact-object lenses in the Milky Way, including white dwarfs, neutron stars, or black holes, and could potentially probe a wide range of stellar-remnant masses. However, the mass of the lens can be determined only in very limited cases, due to missing information on both source and lens distances and their proper motions. Aims. Our aim is to improve the mass estimates in the annual parallax microlensing events found in the eight years of OGLE-III observations towards the Galactic Bulge with the use of Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2). Methods. We use Gaia DR2 data on distances and proper motions of non-blended sources and recompute the masses of lenses in parallax events. We also identify new events in that sample which are likely to have dark lenses; the total number of such events is now 18. Results. The derived distribution of masses of dark lenses is consistent with a continuous distribution of stellar-remnant masses. A mass gap between neutron star and black hole masses in the range between 2 and 5 solar masses is not favoured by our data, unless black holes receive natal kicks above 20-80km/s. We present eight candidates for objects with masses within the putative mass gap, including a spectacular multi-peak parallax event with mass of 2.4_-1.3_^+1.9^M_{sun}_ located just at 600pc. The absence of an observational mass gap between neutron stars and black holes, or conversely the evidence of black hole natal kicks if a mass gap is assumed, can inform future supernova modelling efforts.2020A&A...636A..20Whttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/636/A20CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/458/3012 : OGLE-III Parallax microlensing events (Wyrzykowski+, 2016)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/636/A20https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/636/A20http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/636/A20https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/636/A20https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/636/A20http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/636/A20GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/636/A20/table1 (OGLE-III parallax events with Gaia Data Release 2 data and distances from CBJ18 (Cat. I/347))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/636/A20/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/636/A20/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/636/A20/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true271.2032872-29.67533360.0055555555555555565/7205 7217 6/28716 28718 28722 28730-28732 28735 28777 28779 28782 28804 28819 28828 28857 28864-28866 28873 28882 28910 29250https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/636/A20?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/636/A20/table1OGLE-III parallax events with Gaia Data Release 2 data and distances from CBJ18 (Cat. I/347)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharWyrz16Display Wyrzykowski et al. (2016, Cat. J/MNRAS/458/3012) datameta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLensLens name, PAR-NN, OGLE3-ULENS-meta.id;meta.maincharNote[*] * for dark lens candidatemeta.notecharGaiaDR2Gaia DR2 source idmeta.idplx? GaiaDR2 parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloatnullablee_plx? GaiaDR2 parallax errormasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatnullablepmRA*? GaiaDR2 proper motion along RA, pmRA*cosDEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablee_pmRA*? GaiaDR2 proper motion along RA errormas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablepmDE? GaiaDR2 proper motion along DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullablee_pmDE? GaiaDR2 proper motion along DE errormas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullablerest? Estimated distancepcpos.distanceintnullablee_rest? Error on estimated distance, lower valuepcstat.errorintnullableE_rest? Error on estimated distance, upper valuepcstat.error;stat.maxintnullablerlen? Length of the Galactic prior from CBJ18 (I/347) used here to derive the posterior distribution of the source distancepcpos.distanceintnullable_RAPositions from Gaia DR2 (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Gaia DR2 (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/636/A20/table2*OGLE-III parallax events and an estimate of the blending contributionNote[*] * for dark lens candidatemeta.notecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLensLens name, PAR-NN, OGLE3-ULENS-meta.id;meta.maincharu0[-1/+1] Impact parameter, u0, solution (G1)stat.fit.paramintpiEE[-1/+1] Eastern component of microlensing parallax, {pi}EE, solution (G1)stat.fit.paramintI0magBaseline magnitude in I bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatfSBlending parameterphys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloatIbmag? Blended I magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableComCommentsmeta.notecharJ/A+A/636/A20/table4*Posterior medians and 1 uncertainty estimates on masses, distances, and total blend magnitudes for all events matched with Gaia DR2E_DistError on distance, upper valuepcstat.error;stat.maxfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLensLens name OGLE3-ULENS-meta.id;meta.maincharMassMasssolMassphys.massfloatE_MassError on Mass, upper valuesolMassstat.error;stat.maxfloate_MassError on Mass, lower valuesolMassstat.error;phys.massfloatDistDistancepcpos.distancefloate_DistError on distance, lower valuepcstat.errorfloatBlendBlend magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatE_BlendError on blend magnitude, upper valuemagstat.error;stat.maxfloate_BlendError on blend magnitude, lower valuemagstat.errorfloatu0[-1/+1] Impact parameter, u0, solution (G1)stat.fit.paramintpiEN[-1/+1] Northen component of microlensing parallax, {pi}EN, solution (G1)stat.fit.paramint