J/A+A/592/A40ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/592/A40doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.35920040CDSFerretti R.Amanullah R.Goobar A.Johansson J.Vreeswijk P.,Butler R.P.Cao Y.Cenko S.B.Doran G.Filippenko A.V.Freeland E.,Hosseinzadeh G.Howell D.A.Lundqvist P.Mattila S.Nordin J.,Nugent P.E.Petrushevska T.Valenti S.Vogt S.Wozniak P.2018-03-13T07:17:20Z2016-07-18T07:19:36ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsupernovaevisible-astronomyWide-band photometryinfrared-photometryultraviolet-photometryTemporal variability of narrow absorption lines in high-resolution spectra of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is studied to search for circumstellar matter. Time series which resolve the profiles of absorption lines such as NaI D or CaII H&K are expected to reveal variations due to photoionisation and subsequent recombination of the gases. The presence, composition, and geometry of circumstellar matter may hint at the elusive progenitor system of SNe Ia and could also affect the observed reddening law. To date, there are few known cases of time-varying NaI D absorption in SNe Ia, all of which occurred during relatively late phases of the supernova (SN) evolution. Photoionisation, however, is predicted to occur during the early phases of SNe Ia, when the supernovae peak in the ultraviolet. We attempt, therefore, to observe early-time absorption-line variations by obtaining high-resolution spectra of SNe before maximum light We have obtained photometry and high-resolution spectroscopy of SNe Ia 2013gh and iPTF 13dge, to search for absorption- line variations. Furthermore, we study interstellar absorption features in relation to the observed photometric colours of the SNe. Results. Both SNe display deep NaI D and CaII H&K absorption features. Furthermore, small but significant variations are detected in a feature of the NaI D profile of SN 2013gh. The variations are consistent with either geometric effects of rapidly moving or patchy gas clouds or photoionisation of NaI gas at R~=10^19^cm from the explosion. Our analysis indicates that it is necessary to focus on early phases to detect photoionisation effects of gases in the circumstellar medium of SNe Ia. Different absorbers such as NaI and CaII can be used to probe for matter at different distances from the SNe. The nondetection of variations during early phases makes it possible to put limits on the abundance of the species at those distances.2016A&A...592A..40Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/592/A40CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/592/A40https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/592/A40http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/592/A40https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/592/A40https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/592/A40http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/592/A40GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/592/A40/table1 (Supernova coordinates quoted from the discovery telegrams)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/592/A40/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/592/A40/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/592/A40/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true330.591-18.91677780.0055555555555555566/22943 48487https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/592/A40?format=asciiInfraredOpticalUVdefaultJ/A+A/592/A40/table3Stretch-colour fitted photometry (color_table_13gh.tex)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSN namemeta.id;meta.maincharMJDModified Julian Datedtime.epochfloatPhaseLight-curve-width corrected phasedtime.phasefloatFilterObservational filter X (1)pos.cartesian.xcharXmagBrightness in filter Xmagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_Xmagrms uncertainty on Xmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatAXMWMilky Way extinction in filter Xmagphys.absorptionfloatKXK-correction in filter Xmagarith.factor;phot.magfloatMatch[MD] Method of V-band magnitude determination (2)meta.codecharVmagBrightness in V-bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloate_Vmagrms uncertainty on Vmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.VfloatAVMWMilky Way extinction in V-bandmagphys.absorptionfloatKVK-correction in V-bandmagarith.factor;phot.magfloatV-XExpected colour V-X from SN2011femagphot.colorfloatJ/A+A/592/A40/table1Supernova coordinates quoted from the discovery telegramsNameSN namemeta.id;meta.maincharHVMeasured heliocentric recession velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.heliocentricintLCLight curvesmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000SN right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000SN declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainrProjected distance from the host-galaxy nuclei (1)kpcpos.distancefloate_rrms uncertainty on rkpcstat.errorfloatHostHost galaxy (2)meta.id.parentcharRAHHost galaxy right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.raDEHHost galaxy declination (J2000)pos.eq.deczRedshiftsrc.redshiftfloatDCHost galaxy comoving distance (3)Mpcpos.distanceinte_DCrms uncertainty on DCMpcstat.errorintE(B-V)MWMilky Way extinctionmagphot.color.excessfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/A+A/592/A40/table2Measured photometry (data_table_13gh.tex)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSN namemeta.id;meta.maincharMJDModified Julian Datedtime.epochfloatFilterObservational filter X (1)pos.cartesian.xcharXmagBrightness in filter Xmagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_Xmagrms uncertainty on Xmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Bfloat