J/A+A/565/A109ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/565/A109doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.35650109CDSBlommaert J.A.D.L.de Vries B.L.WatersL.B.F.M.WaelkensC.,Min M.Van Winckel H.Molster F.Decin L.GroenewegenM.A.T.,BarlowM.Garcia-LarioP.Kerschbaum F.Posch T.Royer P.,Ueta T.Vandenbussche B.Van de Steene G.van Hoof P.2017-10-09T13:34:09Z2014-05-20T07:13:35ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frlate-type-starsinfrared-astronomyspectroscopystellar-mass-lossWe present 48 Herschel/PACS spectra of evolved stars in the wavelength range of 67-72um. This wavelength range covers the 69mu band of crystalline olivine (Mg_2-2x_Fe_(2x)_SiO_4_). The width and wavelength position of this band are sensitive to the temperature and composition of the crystalline olivine. Our sample covers a wide range of objects: from high mass-loss rate AGB stars (OH/IR stars, dM/dt>=10^-5^M_{sun}_/yr), through post-AGB stars with and without circumbinary disks, to planetary nebulae and even a few massive evolved stars. The goal of this study is to exploit the spectral properties of the 69um band to determine the composition and temperature of the crystalline olivine. Since the objects cover a range of evolutionary phases, we study the physical and chemical properties in this range of physical environments. We fit the 69um band and use its width and position to probe the composition and temperature of the crystalline olivine. For 27 sources in the sample, we detected the 69um band of crystalline olivine (Mg_2-2x_Fe_(2x)_SiO_4_). The 69um band shows that all the sources produce pure forsterite grains containing no iron in their lattice structure. The temperature of the crystalline olivine as indicated by the 69um band, shows that on average the temperature of the crystalline olivine is highest in the group of OH/IR stars and the post-AGB stars with confirmed Keplerian disks. The temperature is lower for the other post-AGB stars and lowest for the planetary nebulae. A couple of the detected 69um bands are broader than those of pure magnesium-rich crystalline olivine, which we show can be due to a temperature gradient in the circumstellar environment of these stars. The disk sources in our sample with crystalline olivine are very diverse. They show either no 69um band, a moderately strong band, or a very strong band, together with a temperature for the crystalline olivine in their disk that is either very warm (~600K), moderately warm (~200K), or cold (~120K), respectively.2014A&A...565A.109Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/565/A109CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/565/A109https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/565/A109http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/565/A109https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/565/A109https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/565/A109http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/565/A109GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/565/A109/sources (List of studied sources)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/565/A109/sources?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/565/A109/sources?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/565/A109/sources?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true283.0924583-0.23719440.0055555555555555566/1889 3640 9713 11605 13050 14336 14443 14450 14674 14853 15640 15663 18364 21326 21523 21567 28807 28812 28875 29096 29116 29528 30244 30260 30297 30313 30417 30614 30664 30682 32181 37006 37306 37342 37352 37923 38021 39395 41566 41663 41920 42044 42214 42442 42446 42486 42511 42757https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/565/A109?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/A+A/565/A109/sourcesList of studied sourcesNameSource namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintn_Name[*] Note for NGC 6720 (1)meta.notecharIRASIRAS name (HHMMs+DDMM, B1950)meta.idcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainTypeSource Type (AGB, PN, Symbiotic, etc)src.classcharspSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharFileNameName of the spectrum file in subdirectory spmeta.id;meta.filecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar