J/A+A/562/A24ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/562/A24doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.35620024CDSMauron N.Gigoyan K.S.Berlioz-Arthaud P.Klotz A.2017-10-13T15:41:30Z2014-06-01T15:33:41ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frvariable-starshalo-starsinfrared-photometrygiant-starsvisible-astronomyphotometrygalaxy-planesmilky-way-galaxygalaxiesThe population of cool carbon (C) stars located far from the galactic plane is probably made of debris of small galaxies such as the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy (Sgr), which are disrupted by the gravitational field of the Galaxy. We aim to know this population better through spectroscopy, 2MASS photometric colours, and variability data. When possible, we compared the halo results to C star populations in the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy, Sgr, and the solar neighbourhood. We first present a few new discoveries of C stars in the halo and in Fornax. The number of spectra of halo C stars is now 125. Forty percent show H{alpha} in emission. The narrow location in the JHK diagram of the halo C stars is found to differ from that of similar C stars in the above galaxies. The light curves of the Catalina and LINEAR variability databases were exploited to derive the pulsation periods of 66 halo C stars. A few supplementary periods were obtained with the TAROT telescopes. We confirm that the period distribution of the halo strongly resembles that of Fornax, and we found that it is very different from the C stars in the solar neighbourhood. There is a larger proportion of short-period Mira/SRa variables in the halo than in Sgr, but the survey for C stars in this dwarf galaxy is not complete, and the study of their variability needs to be continued to investigate the link between Sgr and the cool halo C stars.2014A&A...562A..24Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/562/A24CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)I/284 : The USNO-B1.0 Catalog (Monet+ 2003)I/252 : The USNO-A2.0 Catalogue (Monet+ 1998)J/MNRAS/427/2647 : Sgr dSph stars spectral classification (McDonald+, 2012)J/A+A/513/A62 : Sgr dSph VIMOS phot. and RVs (Giuffrida+, 2010)J/A+A/523/A17 : Individual stars in Fornax dSph center (Letarte+, 2010)J/ApJ/696/870 : Catalina Real-time Transient Survey (CRTS) (Drake+, 2009)J/MNRAS/394/795 : AGB stars in Fornax dSph galaxy (Whitelock+, 2009)J/ApJ/696/870 : Catalina Real-time Transient Survey (CRTS) (Drake+, 2009)J/AJ/136/1290 : Ultracool dwarfs from the 2MASS (Reid+, 2008)J/A+A/467/1025 : JHK photometry of Fornax RGB (Gullieuszik+, 2007)J/AJ/133/1470 : TAROT suspected variable star catalog (Damerdji+, 2007)J/AJ/133/439 : Luminosity function of M7-L8 ultracool dwarfs (Cruz+, 2007)J/ApJ/658/367 : Abundances of carbon stars in Galactic halo (Komiya+, 2007)J/MNRAS/369/751 : Near-infrared photometry of carbon stars (Whitelock+, 2006)J/AJ/126/2421 : 2MASS-Selected sample of ultracool dwarfs (Cruz+, 2003)J/A+A/369/932 : RI photometry of LMC carbon stars (Kontizas+, 2001)J/A+AS/113/539 : A survey of carbon stars in the SMC (Morgan+, 1995)J/A+AS/97/603 : C stars in SMC (Rebeirot+ 1993)J/ApJS/66/387 : Case low-dispersion Survey VII. (Sanduleak+ 1988)http://nesssi.cacr.caltech.edu/DataRelease/ : The Catalina Surveys DR2 pagehttps://astroweb.lanl.gov/lineardb/ : The LINEAR Survey photometric databasehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/562/A24https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/562/A24http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/562/A24https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/562/A24https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/562/A24http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/562/A24GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/562/A24/table1 (Observed carbon stars in the halo and in the dwarf galaxies Carina and Fornax)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true82.72175-18.42347220.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/562/A24/table2 (TAROT observations of cool carbon stars and obtained periods)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true34.862291735.84969440.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/562/A24/table5 (Fornax C stars with periods)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true39.7106667-34.67552780.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/562/A24/tablea2 (Objects in the direction of Fornax that are not carbon stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/tablea2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/tablea2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/tablea2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true39.62600833-34.750852780.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/562/A24/tablea4 (Halo C stars with periods)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/tablea4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/tablea4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/562/A24/tablea4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.753583330.63980560.0055555555555555566/243 298 310 959 2330 2334 4130 4269 4345 4518 4523 4705 6198 6263 6964 8229 8236 8407 9178 11643 12755 13322 13362 15030 15325 16280 17003 17723 18077 18265 18480 19045 20330 21101 23289 23462 23525 25283 25447 25722 25876 25920 25938 25997 26032 26264 26308 26313 26420 26532 26806 27205 27868 27917 27978 28361 29976 30877 30942 30947 35468 35883 35968-35969 37557 37570 39079 39100 40762 43671 43799 44829 44867 44924 45007 45021 45658 47039 47074 47426 47542 47897 47900 47950 47958 47961 47968 487878.650015785639275e-20 1.7003137259100215e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/562/A24?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/A+A/562/A24/table1Observed carbon stars in the halo and in the dwarf galaxies Carina and FornaxrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGalGalaxy identification (1)meta.id;meta.maincharIDStar identifier (if any) (2)meta.idchar2M2MASS identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharGLONGalactic longitudedegpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic latitudedegpos.galactic.latfloatBmag[14.9/23.3] B-band magnitude (3)magphot.mag;em.opt.BfloatRmag[11.1/19] R-band magnitude (3)magphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatB-R[1.7/7.3] B-R color index (3)magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RfloatJmag[8.7/16.5] 2MASS J-band magnitude (4)magphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatHmag[7.8/15.2] 2MASS H-band magnitude (4)magphot.mag;em.IR.HfloatKsmag[7.3/14.5] 2MASS Ks-band magnitude (4)magphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatJ-Ks[1/2.6] J-Ks color indexmagphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.KfloatNoteNote on alternative identification(s) (5)meta.notecharUSNOCross-match within 3" with the USNO-A2 and -B1 catalogsmeta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idchar_RAPositions from 2MASS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from 2MASS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/562/A24/table2TAROT observations of cool carbon stars and obtained periodsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStar namemeta.id;meta.mainchar2M2MASS identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.idcharKsmag[4.52/10.57] 2MASS Ks-band magnitude (2)magphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatJ-K[1.31/3.91] J-Ks color indexmagphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.Kfloatn_Per[n] Other value of period from literature (1)meta.notecharPerPerioddtime.periodintu_PerUncertainty flag (:) on Permeta.code.errorcharPcl[230/424]? Period derived from Catalina/LINEAR databasesdtime.periodintnullableSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idchar_RAPositions from 2MASS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from 2MASS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/562/A24/table5Fornax C stars with periodsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDInternal identifier (ForNN)meta.id;meta.mainchar2M2MASS identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.idcharKsmag[12.12/14.16] 2MASS Ks-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatJ-K[1.1/3.5] 2MASS J-Ks color indexmagphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.KfloatPer[171/634] Perioddtime.periodintn_PerPeriod from literature (1)meta.notecharW09Cross-match within 2" with Whitelock et al. 2009, Cat. J/MNRAS/394/795meta.ref.urlintnullable_RAPositions from 2MASS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from 2MASS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/562/A24/tablea2Objects in the direction of Fornax that are not carbon starsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2M2MASS identifier (JHHMMSS.sss+DDMMSS.ss)meta.id;meta.maincharKmag[13.1/14.5] 2MASS Ks-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatJ-K[0.9/2] 2MASS J-Ks color indexmagphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.KfloatRmag[15.6/17.2] USNO-A2 R-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatB-R[0/2.3] USNO-A2 B-R color indexmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RfloatUSNOCross-match within 3" with the USNO-A2 and -B1 catalogsmeta.ref.urlintnullable_RAPositions from 2MASS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from 2MASS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/562/A24/tablea4Halo C stars with periodsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharNameStar name (1)meta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2M2MASS identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.idcharGLONGalactic longitudedegpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic latitudedegpos.galactic.latfloatKsmag[7.07/14.5] 2MASS Ks-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatJ-K[1.3/4.41] 2MASS J-Ks color indexmagphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.KfloatPer[147.6/515.6] Perioddtime.periodfloatAmp[0.3/2.1] Catalina amplitude A_C_ of the fitted sinusoidmagsrc.var.amplitude;meta.modelledfloatM/SR"Mira" class (semi-regular otherwise) (2)src.classcharNoteL: LINEAR data were used in addition to those of Catalinameta.notechar_RAPositions from 2MASS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from 2MASS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main